Characteristics of the Text Genre Biography Text Structure

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1 LESSON 20 TEACHER S GUIDE by Carolyn Bond Fountas-Pinnell Level O Biography Selection Summary After losing an arm during the Civil War, explorer in 1869 led a team of 10 men on a first-ever three-month river journey through the length of the Grand Canyon. The purpose of this trip and his later expeditions was to explore and gather information about the western territories. Number of Words: 815 Characteristics of the Text Genre Biography Text Structure Content Themes and Ideas Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Vocabulary Words Illustrations Book and Print Features Third-person narrative in seven short chapters Chapter headings signal key periods in J.W. Powell s career and explorations. The action takes place from May 24 through August 29, and exploration of the western territories Grand Canyon, including geographic features and, especially, physical dangers such as river rapids Bravery, courage, and teamwork can help people reach their goals. Good leaders do their best to protect their team. People with disabilities can accomplish great things. Narrative tone emphasizes boldness of the adventurers viaje arriesgado gravity of Grand Canyon expedition (muchos ponían en duda que el grupo pudiera sobrevivir al viaje) and its purpose to provide information for the U.S. government. Western setting integral to characters and plot A few longer sentences, but most are simple and follow the subject-verb pattern. Place names (Cañón Lodore), dates (24 de mayo de 1869), city/state names (ciudad de Green River, Wyoming) Some words, such as rápidos, defi ned in text Target vocabulary words not defi ned in text Some multisyllable words: acompañar, intérprete, territorio Historical photographs that support the text and add interest Captions for photographs Twelve pages of text, easy-to-read chapter headings, and photographs or maps on most pages Sidebars and maps provide additional information Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida Printed in the U.S.A If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

2 by Carolyn Bond Build Background Help students use their knowledge about the West and the Grand Canyon to visualize the text. Build interest by asking a question such as the following: Cómo creen que tener una discapacidad afectaría a un explorador de los territorios del oeste? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Tell students this is a biography, so it tells about a real person,. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 3: Explain that lost part of his arm after being shot during the Civil War. Still, he was able to explore and chart many parts of the western territories. Suggested language: Lean la leyenda que está debajo del mapa que muestra algunas de las primeras exploraciones de Powell. Ask: Cuál de los tres viajes que Powell había hecho solo fue el más largo? Pages 5: Tell students that Powell and his team prepared for their trip by stocking up on provisiones. Ask: Qué provisiones necesitarías para un viaje al Gran Cañón? Pages 7: Have students look at the photograph and read the caption. Powell y su tripulación se encontraron con aguas rápidas y peligrosas a medida que sus botes entraban en un territorio más difícil. Ask: Con qué otros peligros se podría haber encontrado la tripulación de Powell? Page 14: Direct students to the photograph of Lake Powell, named after John Wesley Powell. Ask: Por qué creen que el autor incluyó esta fotografía al fi nal del texto? Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo y averigüen qué le pasa a y a su tripulación cuando exploran el Gran Cañón. Target Vocabulary acompañar ir a algún lado con alguien, p. 11 cuerpo un grupo de personas que trabajan juntas intérprete una persona que traduce palabras de una lengua a otra, p. 10 lugar de referencia un objeto familiar o fácil de ver que identifica a un lugar proponer sugerir provisiones cosas importantes que necesitan las personas, p. 5 rudimentario simple y elemental ruta un camino o sendero entre dos lugares, p. 6 tarea el trabajo o responsabilidad de una persona territorio una extensión de tierra, p. 7 2 Lesson 20:

3 Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Visualize Strategy and to use text details to form pictures in their minds about the sights Powell and his men saw on their trip. Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the text. Suggested language: Han hecho alguna vez un viaje largo como el de Powell? Han enfrentado dificultades o han estado en apuros alguna vez? Cómo resolvieron sus problemas y su equipo? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text, a onearmed leader, led nine other men on a river trip to explore the length of the Grand Canyon. The government funded the trip to gain information about new territories. It was a dangerous journey and had never before been attempted. Individuals with disabilities can become leaders and perform difficult physical tasks. Staying focused on goals can help people overcome setbacks and obstacles. wanted to help his country Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Photographs and maps aid visualization and comprehension. Chapter headings provide main ideas and help lead readers through the text. Details within the biography capture readers interest and support main ideas. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to read alternate paragraphs in a readers theater. Remind them to use any cues provided by punctuation and to notice emphasis and foreshadowing and to vary their expression accordingly. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Point out that the target vocabulary word territorio is based on the root ter or terr, which means tierra. Remind students that keeping the root in mind can help them remember a word s defi nition. 3 Lesson 20:

4 Writing about Reading Critical Thinking Have students complete the questions on Hoja reproducible Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of their book, using their Cuaderno del lector. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension Skill Main Ideas and Details Remind students that details support the main ideas in the text. Details describe or explain the main idea. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a Think Aloud like the one below: Think Aloud El texto de la página 12 dice que Powell y sus hombres se enfrentaron con tormentas e inundaciones. Luego su comida comenzó a arruinarse. Estos detalles apoyan la idea de que la expedición se enfrentó con muchos peligros. Practice the Skill Have students share examples of another book that uses details to support main ideas in the text. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts One idea present in this biography is that. In the fi rst paragraph on page 6, what does the word ruta mean? What is the main idea of the fi rst paragraph on page 10? 4 Lesson 20:

5 Responder Ideas principales y detalles Cuál es la idea principal sobre el viaje de Powell que presenta la autora? Qué detalles apoyan esta idea? Copia y completa el siguiente diagrama. Detalle de apoyo Los botes podían volcar en los rápidos. Detalle de apoyo? Idea principal La tripulación enfrentó muchos peligros. Detalle de apoyo Detalle de apoyo?? A escribir! El texto y tú Escribe un párrafo narrativo personal sobre un peligro que tú o alguien que conozcas hayan enfrentado. Recuerda incluir detalles interesantes e importantes. Lección 20 Nombre HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES 20.6 Fecha 15 Lee y contesta las preguntas. Respuestas posibles. 1. Piensa dentro del texto Nombra dos problemas que Powell y sus 4_042909_LR4_5BL_EXPLORED_L20.in /24/09 9:34:18 AM hombres enfrentaron durante su viaje a Lodore Canyon. Perdieron provisiones cuando se estrelló uno de los botes contra las rocas. Tuvieron que vaciar los botes y cargarlos junto con las provisiones a un lugar más seguro. 2. Piensa dentro del texto Dónde descubrió Powell las ruinas de una antigua ciudad? A lo largo de un pequeño río que desembocaba en el cañón. 3. Piensa más allá del texto Hubieras seguido o regresado si fueras uno de los hombres de Powell? Por qué? Me hubiera gustado seguir. No quisiera hacer un viaje tan difícil sin llegar al final. 4. Piensa acerca del texto Qué detalles usa el autor para mostrar que Powell era un buen líder? Powell mandó hacer botes especiales con partes impermeables para guardar las provisiones. Animó a sus hombres a seguir adelante. Los que siguieron con él quedaron a salvo y la expedición fue un éxito. Hacer conexiones Describe una ocasión en la que fuiste un líder. Cuál era tu función? Cómo completaste tu tarea? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. 8 Grado 4, Unidad 4: Nunca te rindas!. All rights reserved. 4_352923RTXSAN_U4_CT.indd 8 5 8/22/09 4:25:17 PM Lesson 20: 4_325217_BL_LRTG_L20_JohnWesleyPowell_SPA.indd 5 1/22/10 5:04:32 AM

6 Nombre Fecha Pensar más allá del texto Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en uno o dos párrafos. Recuerda que cuando piensas más allá del texto, usas tu conocimiento personal para comprender las cosas de un modo nuevo. Cómo crees que luchar en la Guerra Civil y perder un brazo haya hecho que se decidiera a hacer la expedición al Gran Cañón? Qué otros factores ayudaron a que Powell y su equipo quisieran triunfar? 6 Lesson 20:

7 Nombre Fecha Lección 20 HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES 20.6 Lee y contesta las preguntas. 1. Piensa dentro del texto Nombra dos problemas que Powell y sus hombres enfrentaron durante su viaje a Lodore Canyon. 2. Piensa dentro del texto Dónde descubrió Powell las ruinas de una antigua ciudad? 3. Piensa más allá del texto Hubieras seguido o regresado si fueras uno de los hombres de Powell? Por qué? 4. Piensa acerca del texto Qué detalles usa el autor para mostrar que Powell era un buen líder? Hacer conexiones Describe una ocasión en la que fuiste un líder. Cuál era tu función? Cómo completaste tu tarea? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. 7 Lesson 20:

8 Estudiante Fecha Lección 20 HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES 20.9 N I V E L O Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 7 A los 16 días de iniciado el viaje, Powell y su tripulación comenzaron a viajar por un territorio mucho más difícil. Mientras trataban de remar a través de los peligrosos rápidos del Cañón Lodore, uno de los botes se estrelló contra las rocas. Afortunadamente no hubo víctimas, pero se perdieron muchas de las provisiones del grupo. 8 En varios momentos los hombres debieron vaciar sus botes y llevarlos por la costa rocosa hasta un sitio más seguro. Luego, tuvieron que transportar el resto de las provisiones nuevamente a los botes. Era un trabajo lento, difícil, y los hombres se desanimaron. Powell los alentaba a seguir adelante. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/ ) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly lobo 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase lobo Omission lobo 1 0 Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo lobo 1 Self-corrects lodo sc lobo Insertion el ˆlobo 1 Word told T 1 lobo Lesson 20:

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