UNA EXPLORACIÓN TÉCNICA ALREDEDOR DEL RETRATO JUAN MANUEL PIEZCHACÓN APONTE

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1 UNA EXPLORACIÓN TÉCNICA ALREDEDOR DEL RETRATO JUAN MANUEL PIEZCHACÓN APONTE Trabajo de grado para optar al título de : Maestro en artes visuales con énfasis en expresión plástica PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE ARTES CARRERA DE ARTES VISUALES BOGOTÁ 2010

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áscara de Jericó. Aprox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`#]a# #b_!$ ZYcW;IH#d:#c:#A;+/01;'$)*#$"1/*7#e234'"$/2D#W5(62H#f#'*,4,7/H#]gg]:#h$6$#\#5#bi "$ $IY;XYh#d.2/#Q!*:R:#A;+/01;'$)*#$"1/*$B'#<'/:#e234'"$/2D#I2")20#!*,0$3'+H#\_i^:#h$6$#\#5#ji

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7 ANTECEDENTES ;2#53,6'32#*'#6,+#5,/0.32+#<.'#4$/+'3)$#'+#*'#./#5=&23$#)$"2/*$#+$%3'#./#52,+2&'#)'3*':#c.'#./#'&'34,4,$# 5232#./2#4"2+'#*'#5,/0.32#<.'#0.)'#2#"$+#+,'0'#2A$+:#Z'4.'3*$#<.'#"2#4"2+'#'32#0$*$+#"$+#&.')'+#*'+5.8+# *'"#4$"'-,$#9#2#'""2#2+,+C2/#./$+#$4O$#/,A$+H#*'#"$+#4.2"'+#*$+#'32/#6,+#O'362/$+:#;$+#03,"",>$+#N%26$+#2# Pintura de Alfredo Araujo Santoyo 253'/*'3#+$%3'#O,+0$3,2#*'"#230'H#*,%.&$#9#5,/0.32:#`,"23H#"2#53$?'+$32H#/$+#'/+'A2%2#2#.+23#"2+#*,?'3'/0'+# 084/,42+# 4$6$# '"# 423%7/H# '"# -32S0$H# '"# 243N",4$# 9# '"# 7"'$:# h320=%26$+# 0'62+# 4$6$# 2/,62"'+H# 52,+2&'+# 9# %$*'-$/'+P#2+N#4$6$#'&'34,4,$+#*'#"N/'2H#4$"$3#9#03262H#"$+#4.2"'+#6'#+,3),'3$/#*'#53=4(42#5232#3'43'23#"2#,".+,7/#*'#)$".6'/#9#3'53'+'/023#"2+#?$362+#<.'#<.'3N2: J'+5.8+#*'#`,"23H#$#E`,",G#4$6$#"'#*'4N26$+H#),/$#+.#O,&$#Y"?3'*$#<.,'/#3'-3'+2%2#*'#e8"-,42#*'#'+0.*,23# *,%.&$#9#S-.32#O.62/2:#;2#4"2+'#0'/N2#".-23#'/#+.# '/0$#9#8326$+#+7"$#03'+#2".6/$+P#6,#O'362/$# Y/*38+H#!+0'%2/#./#26,-$H#9#9$:#!"#53,6'3#0'62#<.'#032026$+#?.'#*'#2/20$6N2H#*,%.&26$+#O.'+$#5$3# 6 Anciano - Piezchacón 2004.!"#+,-.,'/0'#52+$#'/#/.'+03$#5"2/#*'#'+0.*,$+#?.'#'/0'/*'3#"2#6$3?$"$-N2#*'"#43=/'$#9#"$+#6@+4."$+#*'"# 3$+03$:#[,+#53,6'3$+#3'0320$+#?.'3$/#*,%.&$+#*'#O$6%3'+#<.'#/$#+'#523'4N2/#2#"2#,62-'/#<.'#03202%2#*'# 3'53'+'/023:#!32/#3$+03$+#4$6$#032N*$+#*'#"2#4."0.32#'-,54,2H#*'#?$362+#42/7/,42+#<.'#/2*2#0'/N2/#<.'#)'3# 4$/#'"#6$*'"$#+,/$#6=+#%,'/#4$/#./2#,*'2#*'#EO$6%3'G#<.'#O2%,02%2#'/#6,#6'/0':#`$4$#2#5$4$#6,+#032>$+#?.'3$/#6'&$32/*$#9#253'/*N#2#$%+'3)23:#q/$+#+',+#6'+'+#*'+5.8+#*,%.&8#./#2/4,2/$#9#?.'#2ON#4.2/*$#6'# *,#4.'/02#<.'#'"#3'0320$#'32#"$#6N$:#Y#523(3#*'#'+'#6$6'/0$#6'#523'4,7#<.'#'+02#084/,42#'+#./2#*'#"2+# 6=+#'1,-'/0'+#9#5$3#'+0$#<.,+'#*$6,/23"2:#`'/+8#<.'#+,#"$#O24N2H#*'+5.8+#5$*3N2#3'53'+'/023#4.2"<.,'3# $032#?$362#6=+#+'/4,""2#9#'653'/*N#./#53$4'+$#<.'#""')2#./$+#*,'>#2A$+#9#<.'#O2#52+2*$#5$3#'/?$<.'+# *,?'3'/0'+#*'#3'53'+'/024,7/#9#'15'3,6'/024,7/#084/,42#4$6$#+.4'*,7#4$/#"2#O,+0$3,2#*'"#3'0320$:

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10 084/,42#*'"#7"'$#9#./$#*'#"$+#032%2&$+#S/2"'+#4$/+,+C2#'/#O24'3#./2#4$5,2#*'#2"-./2#$%32#*'#230'H#9$#'+4$-NH# B/'1D$J;GK/#*'#X2/#F$-O:!"#+'-./*$#4.3+$#*'#5,/0.32#"$#0$68#4$/#'"#62'+03$#F2%3,'"#I,")2H#+.#6'0$*$"$-N2#'+02%2#6=+#'/?$42*2#2"# 7"'$#2./<.'#42*2#'+0.*,2/0'#5$*N2#5,/023#4$/#'"#620'3,2"#<.'#'+4$-,'32:#q/$#*'#"$+#53,6'3$+#'&'34,4,$+# *'#"2#4"2+'#4$/+,+(7#'/#4$65323#5,-6'/0$+#5232#53'52323#/.'+032+#53$5,2+#5,/0.32+:#U$#53'?'3N#.+23#0.%$+# *'#5,/0.32#*'#62342#*'%,*$#2#+.#629$3#)23,'*2*#0$/2":#I,/#'6%23-$H#'/#'"#53$4'+$#*'#53'52324,7/#*'#"2# 5,/0.32H#'/0'/*N#"2#*,/=6,42#*'#"$+#620'3,2"'+#9#"2#4$33'402#25",424,7/#*'#*,+$")'/0'+#9#2-".(/2/0'+:#!/# '+02#4"2+'#53$?./*,48#'/#"$+#3'0320$+#2"#7"'$#9#'65'48#"2#+'3,'#EF3,0$+GH#"2#4.2"#2*'"2/02%2#'/#"2#242*'6,2# Pintura de Frankilng Aguirre c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intura de Frankilng Aguirre (Detalle) 9

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17 ?.0.32+# 6'6$3,2+H# O24,'/*$#.+$# *'# /.'+03$+# 6'&$3'+# 6$6'/0$+# 4$6$# )2424,$/'+H# 4'"'%324,$/'+# 9# 53,/4,52"6'/0'#/.'+03$#('65$#",%3':#!+#5$4$#.+.2"#)'3#,6=-'/'+#*'#032%2&$#$#*'#6$6'/0$+#*,V4,"'+#'/#./# ="%.6#?26,",23#4$6$#0265$4$#"2+#)'6$+#'/#5'3S"'+#*,-,02"'+: J'+5.8+#*'#0$623#./2#,62-'/#*'#6,#5'3S"#5232#O24'3#./#2.0$33'0320$#*'4,*N#O24'3#"$#6,+6$#4$/#$03$+# 5232#$%0'/'3#'"#'/4.2*3'#6=+#4'332*$#5$+,%"'H#+,-.,'/*$#"2#"N/'2#*'#"2#I'3,'#EF3,0$+G:#Y+N#4$6$#"2#53,6'32# Samir - Ilustración digital )'># <.'# +'# '15.+,'3$/H# '+02# )'># "2+#,6=-'/'+# S/2"'+# '+023=/#,653'+2+# '/# ),/,"$# 2*O'+,)$# 9# 5'-2*2+# *,3'4026'/0'#+$%3'#"2#523'*:#h3'+#3'0320$+#4$65$/'/#"2#+'3,'#EI03'++'*G#'"#*'#c'",5'#Z26N3'>H#I26,3#k'"$# 9#Z'/202#e$"N)23: REFERENTES STRESSED!/#"2#242*'6,2#6'#-.+02%2#*,%.&23#+$%3'#525'"'+#-3,+'+H#53,6'3$#O24N2#"2+#+$6%32+#9#".'-$#"2+#".4'+#*'#"2#,62-'/P#'"#525'"#'32#'"#4$"$3#6'*,$:#Z'4$3*2/*$#'+0$+#4.2*3$+#<.,+'#O24'3#3'0320$+#4$65.'+0$+#*'#"N/'2#.+2/*$#+7"$#/'-3$#9#%"2/4$H#+$%3'#./#-3,+#*'#?$/*$:# e.+42/*$#.+23#$032#084/,42#*,?'3'/0'#2"#7"'$h#'+4$-n#"2#,".+0324,7/#*,-,02":#i2%,'/*$#<.'#'+023n2/#4$65.'+0$+# *'#"N/'2+#3'4$3*8#"2#$%32#*'#F,24$6'v#9#3'),+8#+.#"'/-.2&'#5,4073,4$:#I.#-'+0$#'+#4$65"'026'/0'#+.'"0$#9# +.+#5,/0.32+#+'#4$65$/'/#*'#"N/'2+#%"2/42+H#-3,+'+#9#/'-32+#<.'#+'#6'>4"2/#'/#"2#0'"2: 16 Detalle pinura de Giacometti E#4$-N2# $03$# 5,/4'"# S/$# 9# 4$6'/>2%2# 2# 032%2&23# +$%3'# "$# <.'# 92# O2%N2# 5,/02*$H# 5'3$#.(",>2/*$# 02/# +7"$# 5,-6'/0$# %"2/4$:# T.2/*$# '+0$# $4.33N2H# 9$# +2%N2# <.'# "2# 42%'>2#,%2# 2# '/0323# '/#./2#?2+'# *'# w*'+,/0'-324,7/x:g #" #"# #;WZJH#d26'+:#Z'0320$#*'#F,24$6'v:#[2*3,*D#[24O2*$#;,%3$+:#]gg]

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23 [Io:#Y"#'),*'/4,23#'"#5N1'"H#"2#,62-'/#'+#+,65",S42*2#9#'"#3'0320$#+'#4$/),'30'#'/#2"-$#25'/2+#3'4$/$4,%"':# ;2#,65$302/4,2#*'#"2#62/$#'/#'"#53$4'+$#*'#,653'+,7/#*'#"$+#+'""$+#O24'#<.'#"2#,62-'/#0'/-2#./#)2"$3# 6=+#5'3+$/2"#9#+'#4$/),'30'#'/#./#O$6'/2&':#;$+#3'0320$+#*'#L/0'3/'0#+$/#,6=-'/'+#O'4O2+#5$3#+,+0'62+#9# 6."(5",42*2+#5$3#+,+0'62+H#2"#,/4".,3#'"#'"'6'/0$#O.62/$#'/#'"#53$4'+$#+'#)2"$32#"2#,*'/(*2*#*'"#,/*,),*.$# 9#+.#3'"24,7/#4$/#'"#23(+02: Obra de Diane Arbus REFERENTES DIGITAL-INK YZeqI#U#T;WI! J,2/'# Y3%.+H#?$07-32?2# /$30'26'3,42/2# *'# 53,/4,5,$+# *'"# +,-"$# 52+2*$H#?.'# 6.9#,65$302/0'# '/03'# +.+# 4$/0'65$3=/'$+H#5.'+0$#<.'#0'/N2#./2#3'"24,7/#'+5'4,2"#4$/#"$+#+.&'0$+#<.'#3'03202%2:#Y./<.'#'/#2"-./2+# $42+,$/'+#?$0$-32S2%2#2#'1032A$+#'/#"2#42""'H#6.4O$+#*'#+.+#3'0320$+#'),*'/4,2/#./2#3'"24,7/#6.9#N/(62# 6.'+032/#./2#+.'30'#*'#,/(6,*2*H#4$6$#+,#'""2#"'9'32#'"#5'/+26,'/0$#9#5"2+6232#'/#"2#,62-'/#?$0$-3=S42# Obra de Diane Arbus "2#,/0'/+,*2*#*'"#5'3+$/2&':# Y"#4$6,'/>$#*'#+.#4233'32H#J,2/'#0.)$#./#?.'30'#,/0'38+#5$3#'+02""23#'"#-32/$#'/#"2#,62-'/:#ET.2/*$#'65'48# 2#?$0$-32S23H#+$"N2#O24'3#4$+2+#6.9#-32/."2*2+:#~.'*2%2#?2+4,/2*2#4$/#"$#<.'#'"#-32/$#O24N2#5.'+#"$-32%2#./#'?'40$#4$6$#*'#0'&,*$#*'#0$*$+#'+0$+#5'<.'A$+#5./0$+#9#0$*$#+'#032*.4N2#2#./#6,+6$#"'/-.2&'#*'# 5./0$+:#;2#5,'"#+'3,2#"$#6,+6$#<.'#'"#2-.2#9#<.'#'"#4,'"$#9#'+023N2+#03202/*$#+$"26'/0'#4$/#".>#9#+$6%32#9# /$#02/0$#4$/#423/'#9#O.'+$:G ]g 22 Detalle autorretrato - Chuck Close. Óleo Sobre lienzo ;2#I'3,'#EJ,-,02"#L/MG#'+0=#,/+5,32*2#'/#"2#$%32#*'#TO.4M#T"$+'#Qo$30'26'3,42/$R:#I.#$%32#+,'653'#6'#,/0'3'+7#9#'/#]ggf#0.)'#"2#$5$30./,*2*#*'#)'3#./2#'15$+,4,7/#+.92#'/#'"#R*/10,0#;/'&$R-+*-4$0P$"1/#*'# ]g$ $L;'&*$"1=-+($SK*$T-*+?0&$0P$Q*#;*P($=D$B'&)1'$UK;##;,+7$L;'&*$"1=-+($F*<*#'?0&+($F'&)04$A0-+*($VWWX7

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