Affirmative tú commands
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- Natividad Juárez Martin
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1 Guided Practice Activities 6B-1 Affirmative tú commands Tú commands are used to tell friends, family members, or peers to do something. Tú command forms are the same as the regular present-tense forms for Ud./él/ella. Infinitive Ud./él/ella form Affirmative tú command -ar verb: hablar habla Habla! -er verb: leer lee Lee! -ir verb: escribir escribe Escribe! Two verbs you have learned already, hacer and poder, have irregular affirmative tú command forms: poner pon Pon la mesa! hacer haz Haz la cama! You can tell the difference between a command form and an Ud., él, or ella verb form from the context of the sentence. A comma after the person s name indicates they are being talked to directly. Possessive adjectives can also help you decide if the person is being addressed directly (tu) or referred to in the third person (su). Marcos lee su libro. (él verb form) Marcos, lee tu libro. (command form) A. Circle the command form in each sentence. 1. María, habla con tu hermano, por favor. 5. Elena, haz la cama. 2. Tomasina, escribe tu tarea. 6. Sandra, pon la mesa. 3. Marcos, come el almuerzo. 7. Alfonso, lee el libro. 4. Silvia, practica la guitarra. 8. Carlos, lava el coche. B. Now look at each sentence. Write C if the verb is a command form. Write no if it is not a command form. Follow the models. Modelos Javier estudia en su dormitorio. Javier, estudia en tu dormitorio. 1. Alfonso lee el libro. 5. Ana, lava los platos. 2. Paula, ayuda a tu madre. 6. Isa juega con su hermana. 3. Roberto escucha a su madre. 7. David, limpia la casa. 4. Pablo hace la tarea. 8. Elena, pon la mesa. no C WEB CODE jcd-0613 Guided Practice Activities 6B-1 207
2 Guided Practice Activities 6B-2 Affirmative tú commands (continued) C. Circle the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence. 1. ( Plancha / Planchan ) la ropa, por favor! 2. Gerardo, ( prepara / preparas ) la comida, por favor. 3. Alberto, ( hace / haz ) la tarea ahora. 4. Rosa, ( pone / pon ) los platos en la mesa, por favor. 5. ( Lavas / Lava ) el coche, por favor! 6. Linda, ( juega / juegas ) con tu hermana esta tarde. D. Write the affirmative tú command forms to complete the following conversations. Follow the model. Modelo RAÚL: Ana, (poner) pon los libros en la mesa. ANA: Sí, pero (tomar) toma mi mochila. 1. SEBASTIÁN: Roberto, (lavar) los platos, por favor. ROBERTO: Claro. (Traer) los platos sucios aquí. 2. TERESA: Susana, (preparar) el almuerzo. SUSANA: Sí, pero (hablar) con mamá para ver qué necesitamos. 3. EDUARDO: Elena, (hacer) los quehaceres. ELENA: Claro. (Escribir) una lista. 4. ISABEL: Margarita, (planchar) la ropa, por favor. MARGARITA: Claro, pero (sacar) la plancha, por favor. E. Write tú command forms to complete each sentence. Use verbs from the list. hacer lavar poner sacar 1. la basura! 2. el coche! 3. la mesa! 4. la cama! 208 Guided Practice Activities 6B-2 WEB CODE jcd-0613
3 Guided Practice Activities 6B-3 The present progressive tense Use the present progressive tense to say what people are doing or what is happening right now. Estamos lavando el coche. We are washing the car. The present progressive tense uses forms of estar with the present participle. Review the forms of estar: yo estoy nosotros/nosotras estamos tú estás vosotros/vosotras estáis usted/él/ella está ustedes/ellos/ellas están You form the present participle for -ar verbs by removing the -ar ending and adding -ando: preparar preparando, hablar hablando. You form the present participle for -er and -ir verbs by removing the -er or -ir ending and adding -iendo: comer comiendo, escribir escribiendo. The forms of estar change to match the subject of the sentence. The present participle always stays the same, regardless of who the subject is. Francisco está limpiando la mesa. Francisco is cleaning the table. Tú y yo estamos limpiando el baño. We are cleaning the bathroom. A. Look at each sentence. Underline the form of estar. Circle the present participle. Follow the model. Modelo Enrique está lavando los platos. 1. Tú y yo estamos pasando la aspiradora. 2. Mis abuelos están cortando el césped. 3. Mi hermana está quitando el polvo en la sala. 4. Yo estoy dando de comer al perro. 5. Ustedes están sacando la basura de la cocina. 6. Tú estás poniendo la mesa con los platos limpios. 7. Ella está haciendo las camas del segundo piso. B. Complete each sentence with the appropriate form of estar. 1. Yo poniendo la mesa. 2. Tú sacando la basura. 3. Ella lavando la ropa. 4. Nosotros preparando el almuerzo. 5. Ustedes cortando el césped. WEB CODE jcd-0614 Guided Practice Activities 6B-3 209
4 Guided Practice Activities 6B-4 Present progressive (continued) C. Write the present participles of the verbs shown. Follow the models. Remember to use -ando for -ar verbs and -iendo for -er and -ir verbs. Modelos ayudar hacer escribir ayudando haciendo escribiendo 1. dar 5. sacar 2. abrir 6. lavar 3. comer 7. jugar 4. romper 8. poner D. Look at the drawing. Then write forms of the present progressive (estar + present participle) to complete each sentence. Follow the models. Modelos Graciela (dar) está dando de comer al perro. Lola y Elia (hablar) están hablando. 1. El padre (sacar) la basura. 2. La madre (cocinar) unas hamburguesas. 3. Ana María (cortar) el césped. 4. Manolo y José (lavar) el coche. 5. Tito y Ramón (poner) la mesa. 210 Guided Practice Activities 6B-4 WEB CODE jcd-0614
5 Guided Practice Activities 6B-5 Lectura: Cantaclara A. The reading in your textbook is similar to the story of Cinderella. Write four facts that you can remember about the Cinderella story in the spaces below. If you are not familiar with the story you will need to find out from someone who is B. Skim through the reading and the pictures in your textbook to find similarities between the story of Cantaclara and Cinderella. Check off any similarities in your list above. C. Since you know that the story in your textbook is like the story of Cinderella, you know that Cantaclara lives with her stepmother and two stepsisters. Below is a dialogue with all four of them. Read the dialogue and answer the questions that follow. ƒcantaclara, saca la basura. Y después, pon la mesa ƒdice la madrastra. ƒcantaclara, haz mi cama y limpia el baño ƒdice Griselda. ƒhaz mi cama también ƒdice Hortencia. ƒun momento. Estoy lavando los platos ahora mismo ƒdice Cantaclara. 1. Circle the names of the four people who are speaking. 2. How is a dialogue written differently in Spanish than in English? 3. Which person does NOT say she wants Cantaclara to make her bed? D. Now, read what takes place at the end of the story. Answer the questions in English that follow. Son las ocho de la noche. La madrastra y las dos hermanastras están en la sala y ven su programa favorito. Pero, µqué es esto? Ven a Cantaclara en la pantalla! ƒmira, mamá. Es Cantaclara! ƒdice Hortencia. ƒ Oh, no! Si Cantaclara es la nueva estrella del futuro, µquién va a hacer los quehaceres? ƒpregunta Griselda. 1. At what time do the stepmother and stepsisters sit down to watch their favorite show? 2. Whom do they see on TV? 3. What problem does Griselda think of at the end? WEB CODE jcd-0615 Guided Practice Activities 6B-5 211
6 Guided Practice Activities 6B-6 Presentación escrita Task: Pretend that your family is selling their house, apartment, or that you are selling an imaginary dream home. Create a flyer in Spanish to promote the sale of your house. 1 Prewrite. You are going to prepare an informative flyer about your home. In order to provide the most information to potential buyers, you will need to anticipate their questions. Read the potential questions below and write answers about your house in the spaces provided. a) En general, cómo es la casa o apartamento? ( Es grande o pequeño?) b) De qué color es la casa o apartamento? c) Cuántos cuartos hay en la casa o apartamento? Cuáles son? d) Cómo son los cuartos? ( grandes o pequeños?) e) De qué color son los cuartos? f) Cuál es la dirección (address) y el precio (price) de la casa o apartamento? 2 Draft. Now, compile the answers you wrote above on a separate sheet of paper to create your rough draft. Organize your answers in a way that will be easy for anyone to read. Your flyer should also include illustrations and colored ink to make it more attractive to potential buyers. The first line on your flyer should read: Se vende casa (or Se vende apartamento). 3 Revise. Read through your ad to see that you have included all the information that a potential buyer might want. Share your draft with a partner who will check the following: Are all words spelled correctly? Is the flyer neat and attractive? Does the flyer need a visual? Is the key information provided? Does the flyer make me want to look at the property? 4 Publish. Write a new, final copy of your flyer making any necessary corrections or adding to it anything your partner suggested. 212 Guided Practice Activities 6B-6
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