Towards a cleaner Public Transportation System for

Tamaño: px

Comenzar la demostración a partir de la página:

Download "Towards a cleaner Public Transportation System for"

Josefina Miranda Silva
hace 8 años
Vistas:

1 Towards a cleaner Public Transportation System for Costa Rica DR. RENÉ CASTRO SALAZAR Minister of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications December 2012

Capital intensity by abatement measure http://petrolog.typepad.

2 Capital intensity by abatement measure

3 MINAET Costa Rica: Abatement Curve- 1 Conversión a LPG 2 Jornada laboral 4 días 3 Cambio de Residencia 4 Uso de lámparas más eficientes 5 Uso de motores más eficientes 6 Uso de A/C de bajo consumo 7 Cambio de cocinas a vitro cerámica 8 Conducción Eficiente 9 Refrigeradoras más eficientes 10 Capacitación en el sector educación 11 Uso de timers en calentadores de agua 12 Cambio de lámparas 13 Uso de sistemas fotovoltaicos 14 Agilización Trámites 15 Incremento Marchamo 16 Vehículos Aire 17 Vehículos Eléctricos 18 Transporte Público 19 Descongestionamiento 20 Ciclovías 21 Restricción a circulación S. J. 22 Restricción a circulación C. R 23 Car Pooling 24 Plan de ahorro energético 25 Uso de calderas más eficientes 26 Biodiesel 27 Bioetanol 28 Flex Fuel 29 Establecimiento de tarifas y precios 30 Híbridos 31 Tren Eléctrico 32 Sustituir Bunker: 50% Gas Natural, 50% Electricidad Fuente: Estudio para la Introducción de Tecnologías Limpias y Eficientes en el Mercado Nacional, realizado por CONSENERGY GROUP para la DSE, diciembre

de sistemas fotovoltaicos 14 Agilización Trámites 15 Incremento Marchamo 16 Vehículos Aire 17 Vehículos Eléctricos 18 Transporte Público 19 Descongestionamiento 20 Ciclovías 21 Restricción a

4 CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP (Kg /$1000 of 2005 PPP) CO2 emissions per unit of GDP COSTA RICA CO2 emissions per unit of GDP USA Fuente World Band data finder 2.5, MINAET 2012 Year CO2 emissions per unit of GDP UK CO2 emissions per unit of GDP CHILE CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP CHINA CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP GERMANY CO2 emissions per unit of GDP BRASIL

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Fuente World Band data finder 2.

5 Goal: Costa Rica CO2 neutral by 2021 CO2 Emissions per unit of GDP (Kg /$1000 of 2005 PPP) Lower Intensity CO2/PIB Lowest Intensity CO2/PIB CO2 neutral Carbon neutral growth In the transition to economic competitiveness economic sectors can reduce their emissions intensity and increase their share in GDP

Carbon neutral growth 2002 2004 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2050 In the transition to

6 Our greatest source of emissions is the Energy Sector: TRANSPORTATION GHG emissions by Sector 5% 46% 38% Agriculture Thermal 3% Energy 11% 4% Other 6% Industry 18% Industrial Procesess Waste Management Agriculture Energy Transport 69% Source: Reporte Needs 2010/ Segunda Comunicación Nacional 2009

6% Industry 18% Industrial Procesess Waste Management Agriculture Energy

7 Promote cleaner and efficient technologies and fuels 1 - Improving energy efficiency using current technologies: engine modification, improve transmissions, aerodynamics New fuels and cleaner vehicles: electric, hybrid Introduction of cleaner fuels: 2nd generation bio-fuels, LPG, LNG,hydrogen, etc. 4 - Consumer information, labeling 5 - "Eco-driving" & Education 6- Mass Tranport System

.. 2 - New fuels and cleaner vehicles: electric, hybrid.

8 New energy efficient vehicles Comparison of hybrid vehicle with a gasoline vehicle 42% less CO2 emissions in case of Prius! Source: fueleconomy.gov 8

9 New energy efficient vehicles In Costa Rica there is a research going between the National Oil Refinery (RECOPE),Ad Astra Rocket (NASA technology) and Cummins to use hydrogen and methane as fuel on engines for heavy transport cargo. Source: Business Mirror

(NASA technology) and Cummins to use hydrogen and methane as fuel

10 Introduction of cleaner fuels Low sulphur content & unleaded fuel - It has a direct effect on emissions - Allows use of vehicles with new technologies which significantly reduce pollutants 10

11 Introduction of cleaner fuels Effect of sulfur on the life of vehicle Sulfur decreased from to ppm (1.5% to 0.1%) leads to an increased useful life of a vehicle in a 80 to 90% 11

1%) leads to an increased useful life of a vehicle in a 80 to 90%

12 Overall trend with respect to the objectives of sulphur 12

13 Costa Rican Studies reveal the IRR for different technologies in taxis, March % 236% 200% 150% 163% 123% 100% 50% 0% 61% 35% 32% 28% 18% Fuente: Encuesta aplicada a concesionarios de taxi, CINPE-2012, INS, CCSS, Ministerio de Hacienda

14 Need to renovate Public Transport Quatity of Taxis and ages System in C.R. 1,400 1,200 1, ,200 1, Quantity of buses and ages Source: DSE 2010.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Quantity of buses and ages 1990 1991

15 100 Abatement costs curve US$/tCO2e ,000,000 40,000, ,000,000 60,000,000 80,000, ,000,000 Source: DSE, MINAET, ICE, PRUGAM, MOPT Cumulative mitigation tco2e

60,000,000 80,000,000 100,000,000 Source: DSE,

16 We are working on a NAMA for the public transportation sector Short term Medium term Long term International Actions COP17 Durban Rio+20 Financing of Transportation NAMA Verification Verification Verification Verification National Actions Communication and educational strategy Definition of Transportation Policy PND Transportation NAMA Nama Proposal Report and Monitoring Report and Monitoring NAMA Execution Report and Monitoring Report and Monitoring

2 0 2 4 2026 2028 2030 2032 National Actions Communication and educational strategy Definition of Transportation Policy PND

Documentos relacionados

ESTRATEGIA DE ECO COMPETITIVIDAD PAÍS: EL ROL DE LA ENERGÍA EN LA CO2 NEUTRALIDAD

ESTRATEGIA DE ECO COMPETITIVIDAD PAÍS: EL ROL DE LA ENERGÍA EN LA CO2 NEUTRALIDAD D R. R E N É C A S T R O S A L A Z A R M I N I S T R O D E A M B I E N T E Y E N E R G Í A C O S T A R I C A C. A. 2013