THE CHANGING WORLD OF WORK EL CAMBIANTE MUNDO DEL TRABAJO LE MONDE CHANGEANT DU TRAVAIL VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER ARBEITSWELT

Transcripción

1 THE CHANGING WORLD OF WORK EL CAMBIANTE MUNDO DEL TRABAJO LE MONDE CHANGEANT DU TRAVAIL VERÄNDERUNGEN IN DER ARBEITSWELT & European Agency For Safety and Health at Work : \ : A U S T R I A I94H Conference hosted jointly by the Austrian Presidency of the European Union ond the Europeon Agency for Safety and Health at Work

2 Please note that presentations have been edited and printed in English. Those presented in none-english format are produced in addition and as they were delivered. Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999 ISBN European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Spain *

3 "The Changing World of Work" "El Cambiante Mundo del Trabajo" "Le Monde changeant du Travail" "Veränderungen in der Arbeitswelt' Conference hosted jointly by the Austrian Presidency of the European Union and the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Bilbao, October 1998 fc European Agency X: ^ B For Safety and Health at Work

4 European Agency for Safety and Health at Work The Changing World of Work Conference Proceedings Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities p. 16,5x23,3 cm. ISBN X:

5 F O R E W O R D It is with great pleasure that the European Agency and the Austrian Presidency of the European Union are publishing the proceedings of the conference, "The Changing World of Work" which was held in Bilbao from October One of the major health and safety events of the Austrian Presidency, this conference equally marked the start to activities in the Agency on the "Changing World of Work". The conference was attended by decision-makers and key professionals in occupational safety and health at the European level and was combined with the main European Week event held at the national level in Spain. The two combined events made Bilbao a centre of safety and health activity in Europe during that week and provided the ideal setting for both European and national experts to meet and exchange experience. In order to build on the success of the conference, the Agency is planning to publish a magazine on the same subject at the end of In addition, the Agency will organise jointly with the Finnish Presidency of the European Union a conference in September 1999 on a related theme - "Health and Safety and Employability". Both the Austrian Presidency and the European Agency would like to thank all the speakers and participants in the conference. It is hoped that these proceedings will constitute a valuable set of papers on the "Changing World of Work" which will help serve as a basis for the development of an extensive documentation in this area. Ms. Eva-Elisabeth Szymanski Director-Cenerai Central Labour Inspectorate Austria Mr. Hans-Horst Konkolewsky Director European Agency for Safety and Health at Work X:

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7 OF»Ersrirxrci SESSION Hans-Horst Konkolewsky, Director, European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. 12 Vicente Bilbao, Councillor for Human Resources, City of Bilbao. 13 Eva-Elisabeth Szymanski, Director-General, Central Labour Inspectorate, Austria. 15 Alicia Sánchez Camacho, Director, National Institute for Safety and Hygiene at Work, Spain. 17 Angel Carcoba, Representative of Employee Organisations and of the CCOO Trade Union, Spain. 19 Janet Asherson, Chairperson of the Administrative Board of the European Agency. 22 Allan Larsson, Director-General - DGV, European Commission. 23 Sabin Intxaurraga Mendibil, Councillor of Justice, Labour, Economy and Social Affairs of the Basque Government. 26 Javier Arenas, Minister for Labour and Social Affairs, Spain. 30 X;

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9 SESSION Xr CHANGES IN THE WORLD OF WORK The future of work and the new service economy Patrick Liedtke, Club of Rome. 38 Redefining work as a result of globalisation and the use of the new information technologies Lesley James, Royal Society of Arts, United Kingdom New forms of work organisations and the ageing of the European population Anders L. Johansson, National Institute for Working Life, Sweden 45 Safety and health at work as a factor for increasing the competitiveness of European business Alex Receveau, Valhor, France 49 SESSION 2: SAFETY AND HEALTH CHALLENGES Consequences of new patterns of work organisation Steven Sauter and Linda Rosenstock, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, United States 60 Consequences of new structures of enterprises Richard Clifton, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), United Kingdom 63 Changing working conditions - new and changing burdens for employees Jorma Rantanen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland 70 Modification of qualification needs and strategies for permanent qualification Gisela Kiesau, Federal Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (BAuA), German 76 X:

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11 S E S S I O N 3: PREVENTIVE ACTIONS Workplace ergonomics and older workers Walter Hackl-Gruber, Institute of Industrial Engineering, Ergonomics and Business Economics, University of Technology, Vienna, Austria 86 Regulation in a changing world of work Jenny Bacon, Health and Safety Executive (HSE), United Kingdom 94 Creating and testing safety and health at work strategies for SMEs Jon Bilbao, Confederation of Basque Industries (Confebask), Spain 98 Elaboration and test of new OSH concepts for new types of work organisation Bernhard Zimolong, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany 111 C O N C L U D I N G Alan Meale, Parliamentary Under Secretary of State, Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, United Kingdom. 120 Ove Hygum, Minister of Labour, Denmark. 123 Manuel Pimentel, Secretary-General for Employment, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. Spain. 125 Andreas Horst, Federal Ministry for Labour and Social Affairs, Germany. 129 Willy Buschak, Confederal Secretary, ETUC. 131 Janet Asherson, Chairperson of the Administrative Board of the European Agency. 134 Lore Hostasch, Federal Minister for Labour, Health and Social Affairs, Austria. 135 SUJVIfVIARY O F C O N F E R E N C E C O N C L U S I O N S 141 X:

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13 O P E N I N G S E S S I O N Hans-Horst Konkolewsky, Director, European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. 12 Vicente Bilbao, Councillor for Human Resources, City of Bilbao. 13 Eva-Elisabeth Szymanski, Director-General. Central Labour Inspectorate, Austria. 15 Alicia Sánchez Camacho, Director, National Institute for Safety and Hygiene at Work, Spain. 17 Angel Carcoba, Representative of Employee Organisations and of the CC.00 Trade Union, Spain. 19 Janet Asherson, Chairperson of the Administrative Board of the European Agency. 22 Allan Larsson, Director-General - DGV, European Commission. 23 Sabin Intxaurraga Mendibil, Councillor of Justice, Labour, Economy and Social Affairs of the Basque Government. 26 Javier Arenas, Minister for Labour and Social Affairs, Spain. 30 Χ: Π

14 HANS-HORST KONKOLEWSKY DIRECTOR, EUROPEAN AGENCY FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK Minister. Councillors. Ladies and gentlemen. It is a great honour and pleasure for me to welcome you all to this opening ceremony in the beautiful Arriaga Theatre, a well-known centre for music and culture in the Basque Country. For the next three days more than 500 experts and decision-makers from 20 countries will be gathered here in Bilbao to celebrate the European Week for Safety and Health at Work and to discuss some of the most important safety and health issues for the future. One year ago. the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work together with the Luxembourg Presidency organised its first conference with the challenging title "Good Safety and Health - Good Business for Europe". Top political decision-makers from the Council of Ministers, the European Parliament, the European Commission and from Spain agreed to place safety and health at the top of the political agenda - not only in order to reduce human suffering arising from occupational injuries but also to improve the competitiveness of European industry through cost reduction and higher productivity. Now, one year later, the Agency together with the Austrian Presidency of the European Union has invited some of the most prominent experts and political decision-makers to meet in Bilbao to discuss the safety and health challenges relating to the Changing World of Work. I am looking forward very much to the results of the discussions on issues such as: how does globalisation and the information society influence the work place and the working environment? What is the impact of an ageing workforce and of changing patterns of work'? I see your answers to questions like these as an important contribution to the future activities of the Agency and as the starting point of a series of joint European activities on this important subject of health and safety. Parallel with our European-wide event, the Spanish Institute for Safety and Hygiene at Work has organised a conference about Safety and Health and Work Organisation, the major Spanish event during the European Week. In four workshops the problems that work organisation can cause and health and safety solutions will be explored covering all types of workplaces from construction sites to hotels and public services. I am convinced that both events will contribute significantly to the understanding of the problems related to the changing world of work, to work organisation and to how safety and health can be safeguarded. I am looking forward to the conclusions and recommendations from both the Spanish and the European conferences, which will be presented here in the Arriaga Theatre on Wednesday morning. Before I hand over the floor to the honourable speakers of the opening ceremony. I would like to thank the Instituto National de Seguridad y Higiene en el Trabajo and the tripartite National Liaison Committee for their keen cooperation in organising Spain's National European Week event in tandem with the European wide event, yet another example of the good partnership between the Agency and the Spanish safety and health community. I would also like to thank the Austrian Presidency for their excellent co-operation in preparing the European Conference. Thanks to the Austrian Presidency, political support for the agenda of the conference has been obtained and commitments foran active follow-up have already been expressed by the former UK presidency and the future German and Finnish presidencies of the European Union. I am sure, that this commitment will greatly increase the motivation of all conference participants to reach conclusions that can guide future decision-making in this important area.

15 VICENTE BILBAO COUNCILLOR FOR HUMAN RESOURCES, CITY OF BILBAO On behalf of the City Council of Bilbao, it is my pleasant task to welcome everyone attending this conference, whether as representatives of official bodies, as speakers or in a private capacity. We want your stay in Bilbao to be as enjoyable as possible and we look forward to showing you that Bilbao, too, is involved in a process of radical change, in many different ways. That process is particularly marked in the field of employment, owing to the changes undergone by manufacturing industry and the development of the tertiary or services sector. The subject of this conference is thus a highly topical one for us and its results and conclusions will be a source of keen interest. The choice of Bilbao as the seat of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work is doubly important for us. Not only do we attach great importance to the prevention of workrelated risks, but this Agency is one of the principal engines of the process of transformation taking place in our city, and you will be able to see for yourselves the tangible effects it is having here. The changing face of Bilbao goes much deeper than a mere cosmetic operation. People have high hopes for Bilbao and those of us who bear the responsibility for municipal policy intend to ensure that those hopes are realised. That task involves all the usual difficulties of major projects: the social and economic cost is high and demands immediate payment while the gains are slow and long-term. So the fact that Europe has backed Bilbao in this crucial matter not only fills us with pride in our city but also provides us with an incentive to ensure that this work of transformation will extend into the employment sector, a sector which is outside the reach of the municipal authorities as such since they do not have the power to legislate on employment matters. What they can do, however, is help to improve working conditions and to safeguard the health of those workers who provide their services in our city. In this respect, the city council, of which I am a member, aims to set a good example. It is sponsoring an innovative project: a joint prevention service which can be successfully integrated not only into the work of the local authority but also into the environment of small and medium-sized enterprises that are so extensively represented in our municipality. Existing legislation makes provision for this arrangement. The creation of the planned joint prevention service, which will embrace virtually all municipal public institutions, will be a difficult challenge for local government but one which we believe will repay with interest all the various costs involved in its operation. We hope to bring into line with the aims of current legislation not only the activities of local government institutions but also the whole business environment of our city. This is a key public interest objective of our local authority. Apart from the example we shall have to set with our own hard work, an example that has too often been lacking in the public sphere, we hope to produce a domino effect. We hope that more small and medium-sized enterprises will come to realise that strict compliance with safety and health legislation - not just lip service but real, substantive compliance - is an essential requirement for those having business relations with the municipal authority. In other words, we hope that they will integrate this essential aspect into every part of their production processes. These ambitious aims may or may not be within our reach. Only a determined effort to achieve them, and all the help that we can give and receive, will provide the answer. In conclusion, we trust that this Third European Week for Safety and Health at Work will help us to solve some more of the difficult problems that always exist in the working world. Thank you very much. X 13

16 VICENTE BILBAO CONCEJAL DE RECURSOS HUMANOS. A YUNTAMIENTO DE BILBAO Buenos días a todos, autoridades, participantes y asistentes. Les doy la bienvenida a todos en nombre del Ayuntamiento de Bilbao. Querría agradecer su presencia en esta conferencia en la que se va a tratarei tema del cambiante mundo del trabajo. Nuestro mayor deseo es que su estancia en Bilbao sea lo más grata posible, y aprovechamos la oportunidad para manifestarles que Bilbao está también sumido en un profundo proceso de transformación en diversos sentidos, y fundamentalmente en lo que se refiere al empleo, debido a la evolución sufrida en la industria básica y el desarrollo del sector terciario o de servicios. Por tanto, el tema de esta conferencia es de gran actualidad para nosotros y sus resultados o conclusiones, de gran interés. La elección de Bilbao como sede europea de la Agencia para la Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo tiene una doble importancia para nosotros. Por una parle, está la prevención de los riesgos derivados del trabajo y, por otra, constituye uno de los motores de la transformación en la que se halla inmersa nuestra ciudad, en la que se ya se pueden apreciar las consecuencias de forma tangible. El cambio de imagen de Bilbao es mucho más profundo que una mera operación estética. Corresponde a los rectores de su política municipal dotarle de contenidos que colmen las grandes expectativas generadas. Esta tarea reviste la dificultad propia de los grandes proyectos con sus elevados e inmediatos costes sociales y económicos, y su rentabilidad, que, por el contrario, es gradual y a largo plazo. Por ello, la apuesta europea por Bilbao en esta materia fundamental, además de enorgullecemos como ciudadanos, supone un acicate para que esa labor transformadora pueda llegar al ámbito laboral, una esfera que está fuera del alcance de las competencias propiamente municipales, al no poder éstas legislar en materia de relaciones laborales. Pero sí que puede contribuir a mejorar las condiciones de trabajo, preservar la salud de los trabajadores que prestan sus servicios en este municipio, y para tal fin, hemos elegido la vía que nos parece más conveniente y eficaz: predicar con el ejemplo. Por ello, desde la corporación municipal de la que formo parte, se está impulsando un proyecto innovador, como es la figura del servicio de prevención mancomunado, un instrumento jurídico contemplado en la vigente nonnativa y que puede encajar muy bien, no sólo en la administración pública, sino también en el entorno de la pequeña y mediana empresa, ampliamente representada en nuestro municipio. La creación del proyectado servicio de prevención mancomunado, que abarcaría la práctica totalidad de las entidades públicas municipales, supone un difícil reto para el ámbito institucional municipal, que confiamos compense con creces los costes de toda índole que conlleva su funcionamiento. Se trata de ajustar a los fines perseguidos por la legislación vigente no sólo la actividad propia de dichos entes, sino también de todo el entorno empresarial que gira a su alrededor y que constituye pieza básica para alcanzar la diversidad de fines de interés público que persigue la administración municipal en su conjunto. Además de la ejemplar labor que ello supone y que demasiadas veces se echa de menos en el ámbito público, consideramos que puede tener un efecto dominó, al provocar que innumerables pequeñas y medianas empresas asuman como requisito imprescindible para establecer relaciones comerciales con la administración municipal en su conjunto su estricta adecuación a la legislación preventiva, y no sólo de una manera formal, sino material y real; es decir, que incorporen esta faceta esencial al conjunto de su proceso productivo. Si tan elevados fines están o no a nuestro alcance, sólo la decidida voluntad de conseguirlos y toda la colaboración que podamos prestar y recibir podrá darnos la respuesta. Confiamos finalmente en que las conclusiones de esta Tercera Semana Europea para la Seguridad y la Salud en el Trabajo nos ayuden a mejorar la siempre difícil problemática del mundo laboral. Muchas gracias. 14 J,

17 EVA-ELISABETH SZYMANSKI DIRECTOR-GENERAL, CENTRAL LABOUR INSPECTORATE, AUSTRIA. I am especially happy and indeed proud that this important conference, which forms part of the Third European Safety and Health at Work Week, is being organised jointly by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work and the first Austrian EU Presidency. I should also like to thank the Agency staff for the trouble and effort they have gone to in preparing for the conference. It has been a fruitful and constructive cooperation. The European week is focusing on "megatrends" in employment and the labour market, the future of work and globalisation. The nature of paid employment is constantly changing, never more so than today. As a result, we see marked changes in the labour market. Activities are also focusing on the challenges arising from these megatrends for occupational health and safety. The papers presented by the experts will examine the consequences of new models of work organisation and new enterprise structures; new burdens on employees resulting from changing working conditions and strategies for life-long learning will be discussed. Preventive measures required under national law are another area also being discussed. Interest here is justified because job related demands are changing as a result of the ageing workforce, the new ideas as regards health and safety at work in SMEs, and new types of work organisation. The European conference will end with a round-table debate involving government representatives and representatives of the two sides of industry in Europe. The transformation of the world of work has considerable repercussions for European social policy. In the interests of a Social Europe, we must all push ahead with work to make available, to all the interest groups, the knowledge which is available at expert level in this area. Thank you for your attention. '\: 15

18 EVA-ELISABETH SZYMANSKI GENERAL DIREKTORIN- ZENTRALEN ARBEITSINSPEKTORATES. ÖSTERREICH Ich freue mich ganz besonders und bin auch sehr stolz darauf, daß diese wichtige Konferenz im Rahmen der 3. Europäischen Woche für Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz am Arbeitsplatz gemeinsam von der Europäischen Agentur für Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz am Arbeitsplatz und dem ersten österreichischen Ratsvorsitz veranstaltet wird. Auch ich möchte meinerseits der Agentur für die sehr fruchtvolle und konstruktive Zusammenarbeit danken und die viele Mühe und Arbeit, die sie mit der Vorbereitung dieser Konferenz auf sich genommen hat. Themenschwerpunkte der europäischen Veranstaltung sind zunächst die Megatrends der Arbeit, die Zukunft der Arbeit, die Globalisierung und die Arbeitsmarkttrends auf Grund der Übereiferung der Arbeitskräfte. Der Wandlungsprozeß, der Bewerbsarbeit ständig unterliegt, und vor allem heute, läßt sich vor allem in Veränderungen des Arbeitsmarktes nachvollziehen. Der nächste Themenschwerpunkt sind die sich aus diesem Megatrend ergebenden neuen Herausforderungen, die sich an den Arbeitsschulz und damit an uns alle stellen. Die Vorträge der Experten werden die Konsequenzen neuer Modelle der Arbeitsorganisation sowie neue Unternehmensstrukturen beleuchten aber auch auf neue Belastungen auf Grund veränderter Arbeitsbedingungen und -Strategien für eine ständige Qualifikation eingehen. Präventionsmaßnahmen, die auf Grund der Landesbefehle erforderlich sind, bieten den dritten Schwerpunkt, Themenschwerpunkt dieser Veranstaltung. Dieser Schwerpunkt beweist sich mit den Anforderungen an die Arbeitsplätze auf Grund älterer Arbeitnehmer, mit der Gesetzgebung, mit neuen Konzepten für den Arbeitsschutz in Bezug auf KMU. also Klein- und mittlere Unternehmen, und in Bezug auf neue Arten der Arbeitsorganisation. Die europäische Veranstaltung dieser Konferenz wird mit einem long table mit politischen Vertretrerinnen von Regierungsseiten und von Seiten der Europäischen Sozialpartnern schließen. Der Wandel der Arbeitswelt hat große Auswirkungen auf die europäische Sozialpolitik. Das Wissen, das auf Expertenebene zu diesem Themenkomplex bereits vorhanden ist, muss im Interesse des sozialen Europa gemeinsam auf politischer Ebene in geeigneter Weise vorangetrieben umgesetzt werden. Ich danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit und freue mich schon voller Interesse auf den Nachmittag, in dem wir mit dem ersten Themenschwerpunkt, nämlich den megatrendischen Änderungen der Arbeitswelt beginnen werden und wünsche der Konferenz im Interesse der Arbeitnehmer und Arbeitnehmerinnen Europas einen erfolgreichen Verlauf. Danke. 16

19 ALICIA SANCHEZ CAMACHO DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR SAFETY AND HYGIENE AT WORK, SPAIN. A very good afternoon to everyone: to the Minister for Employment and Social Affairs, the Legal Affairs Councillor for the Basque Country and all the authorities and speakers. The National Institute for Safety and Hygiene at Work, together with the social partners, is responsible for coordinating European Union events held in Spain and has been entrusted with arranging the various events that will take place during this third European week. For the first time, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work is also participating actively in the organisation and staging of these events, first by choosing the city of Bilbao and secondly by deciding upon the two events to take place: the national event and the international conference on the changing world of work. This seemed to us to be an excellent idea. Our hope is that, through the two meetings to be held here, we will be able to make a powerful contribution to spreading the awareness that will eventually result in the adoption of sound safety and health planning policies. With regard to the third European week, I would like to single out what I regard as two essential features or virtues. First, this European week has been designed as an interactive programme, meaning that it will collect and pass on the proposals put forward by the leading social actors in Spain as a whole and by all the speakers involved here. Everybody is a participant. Secondly, it is a programme focused on specific subjects, which is why we hope that it will produce conclusions and contributions that are practical, specific and, above all, applicable. This third European week, like the successful second European week which was held in Madrid, has adopted a sectoral approach covering the construction industry, industrial installation, iron and steel, the food industry, public services, catering and the cooperatives. It also covers the very important group formed by the SMEs. The issue, then, is to highlight the positive experiences that may serve as an example in helping us to devise sound strategies and the right kind of health and safety planning. The programme also includes a number of conferences and workshops dealing with specific OSH problems: illnesses found especially in the services sector such as stress, the changes in occupational health and safety activities in Spain and the faults that may be responsible for the high accident rates; etc. Finally, the Spanish programme includes a very interesting round table dealing with the study of health and safety strategies in the context of changes in labour relations and the business environment. We at the Institute hope that the events of this third European week, to be presented on Wednesday, will be beneficial for all. It will help us in our immediate functions - the creation of an action plan to prevent accidents at work and improved coordination between all the partners, the Ministry and, indeed, all those who have a responsible part to play in the politics or policies of safety and health at work. Thank you very much. X: 17

20 ALICIA SANCHEZ CAMACHO DIRECTORA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SEGURIDAD E HIGIENE EN EL TRABAJO. ESPAÑA Muy buenos días a todos. En primer lugar al excelentísimo señor Ministro de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, excelentísimo señor Consejero de Justicia del País Vasco, ilustrísimas autoridades, participantes y asistentes a estas dos jornadas. El Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo ha asumido la celebración de esta Tercera Semana Europea de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo y la ha asumido en función de que el comité de enlace del Consejo Nacional, que es el Instituto, junto con los interlocutores sociales, es el encargado de coordinar los actos de la Unión Europea que se celebran en España. Este Instituto es el secretario de ese comité, y como tal. el órgano encargado de llevar a efecto los actos que se desarrollarán en esta Tercera Semana. Por primera vez, la Agencia Europea para la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo participa también de forma activa en la organización y realización de estos actos, en primer lugar, escogiendo la ciudad de Bilbao y, en segundo lugar, escogiendo el desarrollo de los dos actos, el acto nacional y la conferencia internacional del cambiante mundo del trabajo. Nos pareció una excelente buena idea, en tanto en cuanto podíamos potenciar desde este foro y con la celebración de ambas reuniones, el efecto divulgativo y sensibilizador que deben perseguir estos actos para lograr unas buenas políticas de planificación preventiva. Respecto a la Tercera Semana Europea, yo quería destacar dos características o dos virtudes que considero esenciales. En primer lugar, esta Tercera Semana Europea ha sido diseñada para que sea un programa participativo, es decir, que recoja y represente las propuestas presentadas por los agentes sociales más importantes del conjunto del Estado y por todos los participantes al mismo y está hecho con la participación de todos. En segundo lugar, es un programa centrado en temas concretos, porque esperamos de ello conclusiones y aportaciones prácticas, concretas y, sobre todo, aplicables. El enfoque al diseñar el programa de esta Tercera Semana Europea ha sido básicamente sectorial. Por qué? Animados por el éxito que tuvo la Segunda Semana Europea celebrada en Madrid, comprobamos que el análisis realizado en sectores tan importantes y variados como la construcción, los montajes industriales, el sector siderometalúrgico. el sector alimentario, los servicios públicos, la hostelería o las cooperativas, junto con un colectivo tan importante como son las PYMES, desde la perspectiva de la organización del trabajo, su evolución y sus efectos y los efectos en la preventiva y. en definitiva, en la salud y en la seguridad de los trabajadores eran puntos básicos en ese enfoque sectorial. Se trata, pues, de poner de relieve las experiencias positivas que nos puedan servir de ejemplo para elaborar unas buenas estrategias y una adecuada planificación preventiva. Además, se han incluido en el programa algunas mesas o talleres que tratan las nuevas fornias de enfermar que se producen sobre todo en el sector servicios, como puede ser el estrés, etcétera, o el de la evolución de la prevención en España, como debatir cuáles son los fallos para que se produzca una tasa tan alta de siniestralidad laboral. Finalmente, el programa español incluye una mesa redonda muy interesante que prevé el estudio de las estrategias preventivas ante las modificaciones de las relaciones laborales y empresariales. Con lo que se va a plantear en esta Tercera Semana Europea esperamos desde el Instituto que todos los resultados y conclusiones que se presenten este miércoles sean positivos para todos, para que también el papel del Instituto, en sus funciones más inmediatas, como son realizar un plan de acción contra la siniestralidad laboral y una mayor coordinación entre todos los cogestorcs. puedan ser de gran utilidad para este Instituto, para el Ministerio y, en definitiva, para todos los que tenemos tareas de responsabilidad en la política o en las políticas de prevención. Muchas gracias. 18 J,