Conjugate comprar in the preterite:
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- Antonio Fidalgo Godoy
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Transcripción
1 PRETERITE TENSE: (EL PRETÉRITO) Spanish has 2 ways of speaking about the past tense. The Preterite is 1 of them. PRETERITE -ar verb endings yo -é nosotros/as -amos tú -aste vosotros/as -asteis usted -ó ustedes -aron él/ella -ó ellos/ellas -aron Conjugate comprar in the preterite: comprar = to buy> Chop off the ending to conjugate! yo compré nosotros/as compramos tú compraste vosotros/as comprasteis usted compró ustedes compraron él/ella compró ellos/ellas compraron Look at the following translated sentences. Highlight the conjugated verb endings. Compraste el pan en el supermercado? Did you buy the bread in the supermarket? No, No, No lo compré. I didn t buy it. Voy a comprarlo mañana en la panadería. I m going to buy it tomorrow at the bakery. Look at the sentences above again and answer the questions below: What do you use on the endings in preterite that you don t use in present? accents. So, if you see an accent on the endings that means the verb is in past (preterite)tense or present tense? preterite In English, to communicate about the past we use the ed endings on regular verbs (talked) and memorize irregular verbs (went, sent, wrote, etc.). To make negative sentences we use didn t + the verb (didn t go, didn t send, didn t write, etc ). To make questions we use did+subject+verb? (did you go?, did you send?, did you write? etc ) How do we make negative sentences in the past in Spanish? Put no before the conjugated verb. (NOTE: or before IOP s and DOP s if in the sentence) How do we make questions in the past in Spanish? Use? at the beginning and at the end of the question. Do not change the conjugated verb. (hint: rhymes with range.)
2 PRETERITE -er/-ir verb endings yo -í nosotros/as -imos tú -iste vosotros/as -isteis usted -ió ustedes -ieron él/ella -ió ellos/ellas -ieron Can you use all the same endings for er/-ir verbs in preterite? Can you use all the same endings for er/-ir verbs in present? Conjugate comer in the preterite: comer = Chop off the ending to conjugate! yo comí nosotros/as comimos tú comiste vosotros/as comisteis usted comió ustedes comieron él/ella comió ellos/ellas comieron Conjugate vivir in the preterite: vivir = Chop off the ending to conjugate! yo viví nosotros/as vivimos tú viviste vosotros/as vivisteis usted vivió ustedes vivieron él/ella vivió ellos/ellas vivieron Let s look at a reflexive verb conjugated in preterite: lastimarse = to hurt What do you need to remember to include in the sentence when you conjugate the verb? Reflexive pronouns: me, te, se, nos, os, se Why? Because it s a reflexive verb in Spanish. How do you know this? It has se attached to the end of the infinitive. lastimarse = yo me lastimé nosotros/as nos lastimamos tú te lastimaste vosotros/as os lastimasteis usted se lastimó ustedes se lastimaron él/ella se lastimó ellos/ellas se lastimaron
3 SPELLING CHANGING VERBS in PRETERITE: pagar = to pay yo pagué nosotros/as pagamos tú pagaste vosotros/as pagasteis usted pagó ustedes pagaron él/ella pagó ellos/ellas pagaron tocar = to touch yo toqué nosotros/as tocamos tú tocaste vosotros/as tocasteis usted tocó ustedes tocaron él/ella tocó ellos/ellas tocaron Look at the conjugated verbs above. Fill in the rule? If the verb stem (what goes before the ar/-er/-ir verb ending) ends in g or c, g changes to gu c changes to qu In the YO form only! STEM CHANGERS: -ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense DO NOT change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs. -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but in a different way: e > i and o >u in the usted, él, ella, ustedes, ellos, ellas forms. Here are 2 examples: of stem changing verbs in the preterite: preferir = to prefer yo preferí nosotros/as preferimos tú preferiste vosotros/as preferisteis usted prefirió ustedes prefirieron él/ella prefirió ellos/ellas prefirieron dormir = to sleep yo dormí nosotros/as dormimos tú dormiste vosotros/as dormisteis usted durmió ustedes durmieron él/ella durmió ellos/ellas durmieron
4 IRREGULAR VERBS IN PRETERITE: ser = to be (permanent characteristics) yo fui nosotros/as fuimos tú fuiste vosotros/as fuisteis usted fue ustedes fueron él/ella fue ellos/ellas fueron ir = to go yo fui nosotros/as fuimos tú fuiste vosotros/as fuisteis usted fue ustedes fueron él/ella fue ellos/ellas fueron The preterite conjugations for ser and ir are the same! Are there any accents? NO So, when you see one of them in a sentence you have to rely on context to know what they mean. dar = to give yo di nosotros/as dimos tú diste vosotros/as disteis usted dio ustedes dieron él/ella dio ellos/ellas dieron estar = to be (location, temporary characteristics) yo estuve nosotros/as estuvimos tú estuviste vosotros/as estuvisteis usted estuvo ustedes estuvieron él/ella estuvo ellos/ellas estuvieron tener = to have yo tuve nosotros/as tuvimos tú tuviste vosotros/as tuvisteis usted tuvo ustedes tuvieron él/ella tuvo ellos/ellas tuvieron
5 poner = to put yo puse nosotros/as pusimos tú pusiste vosotros/as pusisteis usted puso ustedes pusieron él/ella puso ellos/ellas pusieron ponerse contento/contenta = to get happy yo me puse nosotros/as nos pusimos tú te pusiste vosotros/as os pusisteis usted se puso ustedes se pusieron él/ella se puso ellos/ellas se pusieron ver = to see yo vi nosotros/as vimos tú viste vosotros/as visteis usted vio ustedes vieron él/ella vio ellos/ellas vieron hacer = to do/make yo hice nosotros/as hicimos tú hiciste vosotros/as hicisteis usted hizo ustedes hicieron él/ella hizo ellos/ellas hicieron querer = to want yo quise nosotros/as quisimos tú quisiste vosotros/as quisteis usted quiso ustedes quisieron él/ella quiso ellos/ellas quisieron decir = to say/tell yo dije nosotros/as dijimos tú dijiste vosotros/as dijisteis usted dijo ustedes dijeron él/ella dijo ellos/ellas dijeron For a list of all the irregular verbs in preterite, please see Unit 6 in 63, 65, 68, 70, 71, 72.
6 REVIEW: PRETERITE -ar verb endings yo -é nosotros/as -amos tú -aste vosotros/as -asteis usted -ó ustedes -aron él/ella -ó ellos/ellas -aron PRETERITE -er/-ir verb endings yo -í nosotros/as -imos tú -iste vosotros/as -isteis usted -ió ustedes -ieron él/ella -ió ellos/ellas -ieron PRETERITE IRREGULARS: If the verb stem ends in g or c, : g c gu qu In the YO form only! What group of verbs change stem in preterite too? ir verbs How? e> i and o>u in the él, ella, Ud., ellos, ellas, Uds. forms only. Translate the infinitives (non conjugated verbs) below into Spanish. to go: ir to be (permanent characteristics): ser to be (temporary characteristics, location): estar to give: dar to get happy: ponerse contento/a to see: ver to say: decir
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