artistic athletic funny

Transcripción

1 Unidad 1 Estados Unidos Lección 2 Mis amigos y yo In this lesson you will learn to describe yourself and others identify people and things using ser to describe what someone is like definite and indefinite articles noun-adjective agreement Recuerdas? snack foods, after-school activities ser, gustar with an infinitive Describe Yourself and Others 1. Cómo eres? What are you like? Personality 2. artístico (a) artistic 3. atlético (a) athletic 4. bueno (a) good 5. cómico (a) funny 6. creativo (a) creative 7. desorganizado (a) disorganized 8. estudioso (a) studious 9. inteligente intelligent 10. listo (a) clever / smart 11. malo (a) bad 12. organizado (a) organized 13. paciente patient 10/22/ :13 AM 1

2 14. perezoso (a) lazy 15. serio (a) serious 16. simpático (a) nice 17. talentoso (a) talented 18. tímido (a) shy 19. tonto (a) silly 20. trabajador (a) hard-working 21. travieso (a) mischievous Appearance 22. alto(a) tall 23. bajo (a) short (height) 24. bonito (a) pretty 25. delgado (a) thin 26. feo (a) ugly 27. gordo (a) fat 28. grande big, large; great 29. guapo(a) good-looking 30. joven young 31. jóvenes young 32. pelirrojo(a) red-haired 33. pequeño(a) small 34. viejo (a) old 35. tener To have 36. yo tengo I have 37. él tiene he has 38. ella tiene she has 39. el pelo rubio blond hair 40. el pelo castaño brown hair 41. el pelo oscuro dark hair 10/22/ :13 AM 2

3 42. el pelo rizado curly hair 43. los frenillos braces People 44. el amigo Friend (male) 45. la amiga Friend (female) 46. la chica girl 47. el chico boy 48. el estudiante student (male) 49. la estudiante student (female) 50. el hombre man 51. la mujer woman 52. el mejor amigo best friend (male) 53. la mejor amiga best friend (female) 54. la persona person 55. el compañero de clase classmate (male) 56. la compañera de clase classmate (female) Other Words and Phrases 57. muy very 58. un poco a little 59. porque because 60. todos (as) all 10/22/ :13 AM 3

4 Definite and Indefinite Articles El and la are called definite articles and are the equivalent of the in English. They are used with nouns to indicate specific people, places or things. El is used with masculine singular nouns; la is used with singular feminine nouns. Los is used with masculine plural nouns; las is used with plural feminine nouns. You ve already seen words with definite articles: el libro the book la carpeta the folder los cuadernos the dogs las mesas the tables Masculine Feminine inglés singular el la plural los las Un and una are called indefinite articles and are the equivalent of a and an in English. Indefinite articles are used with nouns to indicate unspecific people, places or things. Un is used with masculine singular nouns; una is used with feminine singular nouns; unos is used with masculine plural nouns; unas is used with feminine plural nouns and are the equivalent of some or a few. un libro a book una carpeta a folder. unos cuadernos some dogs unas mesas some tables Masculine Feminine inglés singular un una plural unos unas 10/22/ :13 AM 4

5 In Spanish, the definite article is used when referring to people by a title, such as señor (Sr.), señora (Sra.), señorita (Srta.), doctor (Dr.), etc. El señor Montiel es mi profesor. Cómo está la doctora Castillo? Los señores Ortega son muy simpáticos. Nouns Nouns refer to people, animals, places, things, and ideas. In Spanish, nouns have gender. They are either masculine or feminine. Most nouns that end in o are masculine. Most nouns that end in a are feminine. Masculine el libro el bolígrafo Feminine la carpeta la hoja de papel Nouns that do not end in o or a, their gender is indicated by the article. The definite articles el and la point out if a word is masculine or feminine. They both mean the. Nouns that refer to females such as mother-mamá, daughter-hija, aunt-tía, etc are feminine. Nouns that refer to males such as father papá, son-hijo, uncle-tío, etc are masculine. 10/22/ :13 AM 5

6 However there are more endings than o and a. Remember the gender of the noun, by memorizing the following noun ending rule: In general*. Men are: L-O-N-E-R-S JZ Noun ending in Examples -l el cartel (the poster) -o el libro (the book) -n (except for -ión) el examén (the exam) -e el parque (the park) -r el comedor (the dining room) -s (except for -is) el autobús (the bus) includes consonants like - j, - z el reloj (the clock) el lápiz (pencil) Noun ending in Women are: Attractively, Disguised IÓNs Examples -a La tienda (the store) -d La ciudad (the city) -ión) (except el avión & el camión.) La solución (the exam) Since there are exceptions to some of the rules it is always good to learn the gender along with the noun. Learning the definite articles with the nouns helps you learn the gender. 10/22/ :13 AM 6

7 The plurals of nouns and articles Plural Nouns are formed as followed: If a noun ends in Add Example a vowel s silla sillas a constant es. cartel carteles z, you drop the z ces. lápiz lápices pez peces You have used definite and indefinite articles in the singular: el, la = the un, una = a, an The plural definite articles are los and las. Like el and la, they both mean the. las sillas = the chairs The plural indefinite articles are unos and unas. They both mean some or a few. unos carteles = some posters el reloj la ventana Singular un disquete una mesa los relojes las ventanas Plural unos disquetes unas mesas 10/22/ :13 AM 7

8 Adjectives Words that describe people and things are called adjectives (adjetivos). Since nouns are both masculine and feminine, adjectives also have masculine and feminine forms since they will need to agree with the noun they modify. The masculine form usually ends in the letter o and the feminine form usually ends in the letter a. Masculine adjectives are used to describe masculine nouns. Marcos es ordenado y simpático. Marcos is organized and nice. Feminine adjectives are used to describe feminine nouns. Marta es ordenada y simpática. Marta is organized and nice. Adjectives that end in e describe both masculine and feminine nouns. Anita es inteligente. Pedro es inteligente también. Anita is smart. Pedro is also smart. When an adjective ends in or, an a is added to describe a feminine noun. Juan es trabajador. Luz es trabajadora. Juan is hardworking. Luz is hardworking. Some adjectives that end in a, such as deportista, turista, artista and pianista, describe both masculine and feminine nouns. You will need to learn which adjectives follow this pattern. Tomás es deportista. Tomás is sports- minded. Marta es deportista también. Marta is sports- minded also. 10/22/ :13 AM 8

9 Treat adjectives like ice creams! There are two kinds: Baskin Robins and Ice milk. Baskin Robbins is the one with many flavors (rojo, roja, rojos, Masculine ordenado trabajador paciente deportista Feminine ordenada trabajadora paciente deportista rojas) and the other one only comes in two flavors (plain and plural). AAA Adjectives Agree After = the position of adjectives and the fact that they must agree. Ejemplo: white house casa blanca Nouns can also be singular or plural thus adjectives must be singular or plural. To make an adjective plural apply the following: If the singular form of the Add Example adjective ends in a vowel s.. sabrosa sabrosas consonant es. popular populares La hamburguesa es sabrosa. El pastel es muy popular. Las hamburguesas son sabrosas. Los pasteles son muy populares. 10/22/ :13 AM 9

10 When an adjective describes a group including both masculine and feminine nouns, use the masculine plural form. La lechuga, las zanahorias y los tomates son buenos para salud. Don t forget the singular form of mucho means much. but that the plural form, muchos (as), means many. No como mucha carne, pero como muchas verduras 10/22/ :13 AM 10

11 Tener To Have The verb tener (to have) is used to talk about things or activities that you have. The verb tener (to have) has the following forms: yo tengo nosotros tenemos tú tienes vosotros tenéis ellos él ellas ella tiene ustedes usted tienen The following descriptions are used with tener and should not be used with ser. Notice these have more to do with appearance instead of personality or characteristics. el pelo rubio el pelo castaño el pelo oscuro el pelo rizado los frenillos blond hair brown hair dark hair curly hair braces Ejemplo: Maria tiene el pelo rubio y yo tengo el pelo castaño. Maria has blond hair and I have chestnut colored hair. No me gusta tener el pelo rizado. Muchos estudiantes tienen frenillos. I don t like having curly hair. Many students have braces. 10/22/ :13 AM 11

12 Expansión de Vocabulario Describe Yourself and Others Personality callado (a) extrovertido (a) sincero (a) paciente ambicioso (a) Appearance El pelo lacio calvo (a) People el policía la policía el actor la actriz el bombero la bombera la secretaria el secretario el jefe la jefa quiet outgoing sincere patient ambitious straight hair bald police officer police officer actor actress firefighter (male) firefighter (female) secretary (male) Secretary (female) boss boss 10/22/ :13 AM 12

13 Unidad 1 Estados Unidos Lección 2 Mis amigos y yo Chapter Notes Nouns 1 U1L2 Vocabulary Adjectives Definite and Indefinite Articles 10/22/ :13 AM 13