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1 Gobierno de Costa Rica Instituto Costarricense sobre Drogas Unidad de Información y Estadística Nacional sobre Drogas Número de Julio de 2013 BOLETÍNBIBLIOGRÁFICO 3 artículos que te permiten estar con lo último en conocimiento

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3 Trace Amine Associated Receptor 1 Modulates Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Associated-Receptor-1-Modulates-Behavioral-Effects-of-Etha.pdf&fileType=pdf Background: Few treatment options for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) exist and more are critically needed. Here, we assessed whether trace amine associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), a modulator of brain monoamine systems, is involved in the behavioral and reinforcement-related effects of ethanol and whether it could potentially serve as a therapeutic target. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and TAAR1 knockout (KO) mice (75% C57J/BL6 and 25% 129S1/Sv background) were compared in tests of ethanol consumption (two-bottle choice [TBC]), motor impairment (loss of righting reflex, [LORR], locomotor activity) and ethanol clearance (blood ethanol level [BEL]). Results: As compared with WT mice, KO mice displayed (1) significantly greater preference for and consumption of ethanol in a TBC paradigm (3% 11% vol/vol escalating over 10 weeks), with no significant difference observed in TBC with sucrose (1% 3%); (2) significantly greater sedative-like effects of acute ethanol (2.0 or 2.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) manifested as LORR observed at a lower dose and for longer time, with similar BELs and rates of ethanol clearance; and (3) lower cumulative locomotor activity over 60 minutes in response to an acute ethanol challenge ( g/kg, i.p.). Conclusions: The present findings are the first to implicate TAAR1 in the behavioral and reinforcementrelated effects of ethanol and raise the question of whether specific drugs that target TAAR1 could potentially reduce alcohol consumption in humans with AUDs. Monitoring Utilization of a Large Scale Addiction Treatment System: The Drug and Alcohol Treatment Information System (DATIS) Abstract: Client-based information systems can yield data to address issues of system accountability and planning, and contribute information related to changing patterns of substance use in treatment and, indirectly, general populations. The Drug and Alcohol Treatment Information System (DATIS) monitors the number/types of clients treated in approximately 170 publicly-funded addiction treatment agencies in Ontario. The purpose of this study was to estimate the caseload of addiction treatment agencies, and describe important characteristics of clients, their patterns of service utilization and trends over-time from 2005 to In , 47,065 individuals were admitted to treatment. Since , there has been an increase in adolescents/youth in treatment, and a decrease in the male-female 1

4 gender ratio. Alcohol problems predominated, but an increasing proportion of clients used cannabis and prescription opioids. DATIS is an evolving system and an integral component of Ontario s performance measurement system. Linkages with healthcare information systems will allow for longitudinal tracking of client health-related outcomes. Rasgos patológicos de personalidad y metabolitos cerebrales como predictores de no abstinencia en adictos con trastornos de personalidad Resumen: Se investigaron diferencias en rasgos de personalidad patológicos y alteraciones en metabolitos cerebrales entre no consumidores, consumidores abstinentes y no abstinentes. Los participantes (n=113) entre años con trastorno de personalidad (TP) fueron diagnosticados con entrevistas clínicas y escalas para depresión, ansiedad, impulsividad y dimensiones de patologías de personalidad. Los metabolitos cerebrales se analizaron con resonancia magnética con espectroscopía. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA y comparaciones múltiples. Abstinentes y no abstinentes se distinguieron de no consumidores por desregulación emocional, inhibición, y expresión restringida; abstinentes y no abstinentes se distinguieron entre sí en auto-agresión, comportamiento disocial, problemas de conducta, búsqueda de estímulos y problemas de intimidad. Niveles de N-Acetil Aspartato y Creatina fueron menores para no abstinentes en cortezas prefrontal, cingulada anterior, vermis cerebeloso y corona radiada superior. Para abstinentes, niveles de colina fueron mayores en vermis cerebeloso y niveles de n-acetil aspartato fueron menores en corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, cingulada anterior e ínsula. En cuanto a rasgos de personalidad, apego inseguro, narcisismo, labilidad, autoagresión y ansiedad caracterizan a consumidores y abstinentes; en tanto suspicacia, rechazo y dureza de carácter se encuentran en consumidores (no abstinentes y abstinentes). Rasgos compulsivos, impulsión corporal no planeada, y descontrol en regulación de emociones predominaron en no abstinentes y participantes con co-morbilidades. Desapego e inhibición predominan en Trastorno por uso de Alcohol y rasgos narcisistas en uso de Sustancias. 2

5 Compilado por Andrés Rodríguez Pérez Jefe Unidad de Información y Estadística Nacional sobre Drogas arodriguez@icd.go.cr Editado por : Beatriz Murillo Paz bmurillo@icd.go.cr 2013 Instituto Costaricense sobre Drogas 3