Patrick Giguet. ABB Group - 1 -

Transcripción

1 Patrick Giguet ABB Group Nov-08

2 Porque protegerse contra las sobretensiones? Reducción de la resistencia de los equipos: electrónicos sensibles de telecomunicación (MODEM, ) Incremento de la propagación de las perturbaciones: interconexión y complejidad de los equipos de potencia y telecomunicación. ABB Group Operaciones de conmutación (power electronics, )

3 Que es una sobretensión? Pico de tensión de poca duración (menos de un milisegundo) cuya amplitud puede alcanzar doce veces la tensión nominal ABB Group - 3 -

4 Que es una sobretensión? Sobretension de origen atmosferica ABB Group Objetivo del Protector Enemigo del Protector

5 2 tipos de impactos 2 ondas de rayos Impactos directos ABB Group Impacto directo sobre un pararrayos Impacto directo sobre una línea aérea

6 2 tipos de impactos 2 ondas de rayos #$ %" V ALU E in ka 10/350 se usa para pruebas de Tipo 1 &' " &" ABB Group &µ µ T IM E µ! Onda 10/350

7 2 tipos de impactos 2 ondas de rayos Impactos indirectos Impacto lejano sobre una línea aérea Effecto inductivo Subida de potencial de la tierra ABB Group Operaciones de conmutacion

8 2 tipos de impactos 2 ondas de rayos VALUE (' 8/20 se usa para pruebas de Tipo 2 y Tipo 3 # (µ µ TIME µ! ABB Group Onda 8/20

9 2 tipos de impactos 2 ondas de rayos V A LU E in ka &' (' T IM E i n us ABB Group La energia 10/350 >> la energia 8/20

10 Amplitud y frecuencia de los rayos 100% Frecuencia acumulada 80% 60% 40% 20% 40% de los rayos son superiores a los 20kA (o 60% son inferiores a los 20kA) 5% de los rayos son superiores a los 60kA (o 95% son inferiores a los 60kA) 0.01 % de los rayos son superiores a los 200kA 0% Amplitude of Lightning Amplitud de Strokes rayos (ka) (ka) ABB Group Frecuencia acumulada de descargas atmosféricas- positivas y negativas- respecto a su amplitud. Datos de Meteorage. Campaña de medición de 5.4 Millones de rayos entre en Francia

11 Repartición típica de un rayo (10/350) ) * (+) ) ) ) &) ABB Group Ω &)

12 Sin protección! Coffee_maker.avi (at 1min) ABB Group

13 Surge Protection Device Definiciones ABB Group

14 OVR Over Voltage Range IEC EN NFC VDE UL CLASS A TYPE I TYPE I CLASS B TYPE II TYPE II SPD CLASS C TYPE III TYPE III CLASS D TVSS International Europe France Germany United states ABB Group

15 Resistencia de los equipos Como lo define la IEC , los equipos eléctricos se dividen en diversas categorías: Category IV : Equipos industriales sobretensiones < 6000V Category III : Paneles de distribución sobretensiones < 4000V Category II : Equipos eléctricos domésticos sobretensiones < 2500V. Category I : Circuitos electrónicos sensibles sobretensiones < 1500V Las sobretensiones debidas a rayos o operación de conmutación: 500V a V ABB Group

16 Nivel de protección = Up - /) -, 012$ -$.&+) ABB Group

17 Surge Protection Device SPD Technologies ABB Group

18 Tecnología Safety open de ABB 03 $ 56 $7 $ 24 $! 5 93 ABB Group

19 Tecnología Safety open de ABB ABB Group $ $ 24 ;7 $ : -: 3 :+ 6 $7 $ 92 2: 0 $ : 93 $:

20 Tecnologia Varistor : 2 ABB Group

21 527 Tecnologia Varistor < ABB Group

22 Tecnologia Varistor 52 $2 : = ABB Group ; 2 2 0

23 87 Tecnologia Varistor :7/7$ << 87 / < ABB Group < 2

24 Different compounding 5$,$ ABB Group ', $

25 CM = Common Mode Overvoltage runs between cables (line or neutral) and ground ABB Group

26 CM = Common Mode ABB Group

27 DM = Differential Mode Overvoltage runs between Neutral and line ABB Group

28 DM = Differential Mode ABB Group

29 CM + DM = Common and Differential Mode Overvoltage runs between ground and cables, and between line and neutral -.-$ ABB Group

30 CM + DM = Common and Differential Mode -$ ABB Group

31 Mode of protection TNC or IT connection Type 1 ABB Group connection Type 2 TT or TNS

32 Surge Protection Device Gama ABB Group

33 The ABB product range Type 1 OVR T1 Type 1+2 OVR T1+2 Type 2 ABB Group OVR T2 & Classic range

34 OVR surge arresters Type 1 OVR HL s P TS OVR T OVR T Varistor Technology or MOV s (15kA per pole 10/350) Spark gap technology: High diverting energy capacity (25kA per pole 10/350) ABB Group

35 Classic range OVR T1 surge arresters Varistors technology OVR HL I fi = None U p = 1.4 kv I imp = 15 ka I n = 5 ka U c = 440 V U t = 440 V - Res system - Pluggable - TS system - Exist in 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L - Only Common Mode protection ABB Group Industrial/Commercial Application

36 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR T1 surge arresters Spark gap technology OVR T I fi = 50 ka U p = 2.5 kv I imp = 25 ka I n = 25 ka U c = 255 V U t = 400 V OVR T I fi = 15 ka U p = 1.5 kv I imp = 25 ka I n = 25 ka U c = 255 V U t = 334 V ABB Group Industrial Application Domestic Application

37 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - main features Type 1, matching a very wide spectrum of applications: Universal product (high I imp, low U p ) Easy to select (high I fi up to 50 ka: products covering all applications from domestic to industrial) Practical: technology without blow out, no special requirements for installation, standard dimensions (85 mm high) Uniform: one single shape for Type 1 and Type 2. All products in perfect compatibility with all the modular range of pro M compact ABB Group

38 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - range Single Pole OVR T I imp = 25 ka/phase U p (L/N) = 2.5 kv I fi = 50kArms 2 Poles for TNS (1Ph+N) OVR T1 2L ABB Group OVR T1 2L TS «TS» for remote MOV status

39 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - range 2 Poles for TT (1Ph+N) OVR T1 1N OVR T1 1N TS ABB Group I imp = 25 ka/ phase I imp (N-PE) = 50 ka U p (L-N) = 2.5 kv U p (N-PE) = 1.5 kv I fi = 50 ka

40 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - range 4 Poles for TT (3Ph+N) OVR T1 3N OVR T1 3N TS ABB Group I imp = 25 ka/ phase I imp (N-PE) = 100 ka U p (L-N) = 2.5 kv U p (N-PE) = 1.5 kv I fi = 50 ka

41 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - range 3 Poles for TNC (3 phases) OVR T1 3L OVR T1 3L TS ABB Group I imp = 25 ka/ phase U p (L-N) = 2.5 kv I fi = 50 ka

42 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1 - range 4 Poles for TNS (3Ph+N) OVR T1 4L OVR T1 4L TS ABB Group I imp = 25 ka/ phase U p (L-N) = 2.5 kv I fi = 50 ka

43 Type 1: OVR T OVR T Ifi = 50kA Up = 2kV Iimp = 25kA In = 25kA Uc = 440V Ut = 690V Industrial Application ABB Group / 690V in TN-S / TN-C electrical network (generator protection) 230 / 400V in IT electrical network

44 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters Type 1+2: OVR T1+2 OVR T TS I imp = 25kA / pole Up = 1.5kV I fi = 15kA Telesignal and State Indicator as a standard ABB Group

45 Range of System pro M / pro M compact NPE SPD s OVR T1 50 N & OVR T1 100 N OVR T1 50 N I imp = 50 ka U p = 1.5 kv OVR T1 100 N I imp = 100 ka U p = 1.5 kv ABB Group

46 OVR T s P Type I + II: Varistor Technology (MOV) Iimp = 7kA (10/350) Up = 1,5kV (In = 6kA) Uc = 275V Ut = 334V Res system Pluggable 1L, 3L, 4L, 1N, 3N Imax = 70kA (8/20) Up = 1,5kV (In = 30kA) Diagram ABB Group

47 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR Compact T1 25kA If = 7kA ABB Group

48 Range of System pro M / pro M compact OVR surge arresters:t1-7 OVR T OVR T1 3N OVR T OVR T1+2 3N Spark gap I fi = 7 ka U p = 2.5 & 1.5 kv I imp = 25 or 15kA I n = 25 ka ABB Group U c = 255 V U t = 650 V Commercial / Telecom Application

49 Range of System pro M / pro M compact 4 Poles for TT (3Ph+N) OVR T1 3N OVR T1+2 3N ABB Group I imp = 25 KA/15kA per phase I imp (N-PE) = 100 and 50 ka U p (L-N) = 2.5 and 1.5 kv U p (N-PE) = 1.5 kv I fi = 7 ka

50 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Type 2: OVR T2 range pro M range ABB Group OVR T2 1N P OVR T P OVR T s P TS OVR T2 3N s P TS Classic range OVR 10 to 65kA Varistor Technology (MOV) Or Varistor Technology + Gas Tube (GDT) for the Neutral cartridge

51 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Type 2: OVR T2 range OVR T2 OVR T2 1N OVR T2 3L OVR T2 4L OVR T2 3N ABB Group

52 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Type 2: OVR T2 range OVR pro M compact I max = 70 ka / I n = 30 ka U p = 1.5 kv I max = 40 ka / I n = 20 ka U p = 1.4 kv I max = 15 ka / I n = 5 ka U p = 1 kv ABB Group Options: Remote indicator TS Safety Reserve s I max : 15, 40, 70 ka U p : 1, 1.4, 1.5 kv Pluggable P

53 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Surge Arrestor Type 2 Auxiliary contact for Remote MOV status : TS option Ex: OVR T2 40 3N 275 s P TS 40: Type 2 Imax 40kA 3N: 3 phases + Neutral 275 : Uc Maximum Operating Voltage 275V Options: Safety reserve, Pluggable Pole Width: unit, Remote indicator 17.5mm modules Mounting: DIN rail Mounted ABB Group Pluggable: Easy replacement : P option Product Features Visual life Indication: 3 stage visual indication window : s option

54 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Surge Arrestor Type 2 Safety Reserve Option : s Ex: OVR 3N s P TS SPD Operational SPD On Reserve Replace soon ABB Group SPD Disconnected Replacement Mandatory

55 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Surge Arrestor Type 2 Pluggable MOV Unit : P Ex: OVR T2 3N s P TS Pluggable MOV cartridges allow replacement of damaged MOV s without removing wires. ABB Group

56 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Surge Arrestor Type 2 Auxiliary contact : TS Ex: OVR 3N s P TS Voltage free contacts provide remote indication of surge protection failure. ABB Group

57 OVR Plus OVR Plus: MCB + SPD Type 2 Un = 230V Uc = 275V Imax = 10kA In = 2kA Up = 0,9kV ABB Group

58 Range of System pro M / pro M compact Low current surge protection Pluggable range OVR TC P 200 FR OVR TC P 48V OVR TC P 24V OVR TC P 12V OVR TC P 06V ABB Group

59 OVR TC P Advantages : ABB Group

60 New OVR TC ABB Group Screw base product RJ45 base product RJ11 base product

61 Surge Protection Device Aplicaciones ABB Group

62 A SPECIALIST OFFER COVERING ALL APPLICATIONS WATER TRANSPORT TELECOMMUNICATIONS O.E.M. INDUSTRIAL BUILDING & RESIDENTIAL RENEWALBLE ENERGIES : Photovoltaic Wind Mill ABB Group

63 Para proteger los aerogeneradores Solution 1 Protection against direct lightning: Type 1 and Type 2 ABB Group Iimp = 25kA / phase (10/350) Imax = 40kA / phase (8/20) High energy from direct lightning Un = 400 / 690V (L-PEN / L-L) Nominal voltage for wind turbine application Uc = 440 / 750V (L-PEN / L-L) Max continous voltage (10% Un) in case of voltage variation Ut = 690V (L-PEN) Temporary overvoltage withstand in case of installation failure Up = 2kV Protection level according to equipments in MDB Ifi = 50kA High follow on current. OVR T1-T2 Wind Turbine.

64 Current sharing when direct flash 200 ka To the transformer 4 x 25 ka To the installation This current sharing simulation according IEC doesn t take in consideration any electrical losses the real values will be smaller. ABB Group ka Ω 100 ka

65 Para proteger los sistemas fotovoltaicos particulares o industriales ABB Group Panel solar en tierra Panel solar en el techo Convertidor (DC-AC) Conectado a la red eléctrica

66 Selección del protector contre sobretensiones Parte DC Localización del protector Convertidor U max. (DC) Riesgo Capacidad de descarga Designación A / B / C 500 y 600V Bajo 40kA OVR PV P TS A / B / C 1000V Bajo 40kA OVR PV P TS Nota: La barra de conexión a tierra debe ser lo más corta y recta posible. ABB Group OVR PV para paneles solares (DC)

67 OVR PV Designación Imax (ka) Up (L-L / L-PE) Uc (DC) Diagrama OVR PV P TS 40 2,8 / 1,4kV 700V OVR PV P TS 40 3,8kV 1120V ABB Group Nota: la señalización remota (TS) es una opción para OVR PV 40.

68 Para las instalaciones de telecomunicacion Marking power supply link between tower and base Coaxial links between tower and base Telecom line ABB Group Power supply line input

69 SPD solution ABB Group Power supply line input: Type 1 SPD

70 Para los sistema de tratamiento del agua Cycle de l eau potable : - Pumping - Treatment - Storage - Transport - Distribution Treatment station ABB Group Cycle de l eau usée : - Pumping - Pollution control - Sewage plants - Storage

71 Water treatment systems SENSORS METER ABB Group LEVEL CONTROL FLOW METER

72 Example 1 : Pumping station ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION PUMPS ABB Group

73 Example 1 : How to protect? ABB Group