Skin Cancer. Risk Factors. Prevention
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- Josefina Maldonado Quiroga
- hace 8 años
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Transcripción
1 Skin Cancer Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States. It is normal for your body to replace old cells with new ones. Sometimes skin cells keep dividing when new cells are not needed and skin cancer occurs. Risk Factors Anyone, including people with dark skin, hair and eyes, can develop skin cancer, not just those at higher risk. You are at higher risk if you have: Spent a lot of time in the sun Family members with skin cancer Certain types or a large number of moles Skin that burns or freckles in the sun Light-colored skin, hair and eyes Prevention Avoid being in the sun from 10 AM to 4 PM. Wear clothing such as a hat, long sleeves and pants to block the sun s rays. Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher year round when you are going outside. Learn to know what skin cancer looks like. Check your skin monthly. Report any changes to your doctor. If you are at risk, see a doctor who specializes in the skin called a dermatologist each year for a skin exam. 1
2 Cáncer de piel El cáncer de piel es el tipo de cáncer más común en los Estados Unidos. Es normal que el cuerpo reemplace las células antiguas por células nuevas. A veces las células de la piel se siguen dividiendo cuando no se necesitan células nuevas y se produce el cáncer de piel. Factores de riesgo Todas las personas, incluidas las que tienen piel, cabello y ojos oscuros, pueden desarrollar cáncer de piel, no sólo quienes tienen mayor riesgo. Usted tiene mayor riesgo si: ha pasado mucho tiempo bajo el sol; tiene familiares con cáncer de piel; tiene ciertos tipos de lunares o muchos lunares; tiene una piel que se quema o le salen pecas con el sol; tiene piel, cabello y ojos claros. Prevención Evite estar al sol entre las 10:00 a.m. y las 4:00 p.m. Use sombrero, mangas y pantalones largos para bloquear el paso de los rayos solares. Use protector solar con factor de protección solar (SPF) 15 o superior durante todo el año cuando esté en el exterior. Aprenda a reconocer el cáncer de piel. Revise su piel una vez al mes. Informe a su médico sobre cualquier cambio. Si tiene riesgo, visite todos los años a un médico especialista en la piel, llamado dermatólogo, para someterse a un examen de la piel. Skin Cancer. Spanish. 1
3 There are 3 major types of skin cancer: Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): This is the most common. This cancer grows in the basal cells in the lowest layer of the skin. This type grows slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the body, but early treatment is needed. This type appears on skin exposed to the sun such as the face, ears, scalp, and upper body. Look for: Shiny or pearly bumps or growths A sore that heals and then re-opens A pink, slightly raised growth Red, irritated patches of skin A waxy scar Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): This cancer grows in the squamous cells in the upper layer of the skin. This type can be found anywhere including the inside of the mouth and the genital area. Get early treatment to prevent the spread of this cancer. Look for a crusty or scaly patch of skin often with a red base. Melanoma: This type begins in the skin cells that give skin its color. Melanoma can spread quickly to other tissues and organs. The cure rate is high with early treatment. Look for changes in moles or new moles where: One half of the mole does not match the other half. The edges of the mole are uneven or ragged. The color is uneven with more than one shade or color present. The size is larger than a pencil eraser or there is any change in size. There are changes in the way it feels. It may itch, feel dry, lumpy, swollen or tender. 2
4 Existen 3 tipos principales de cáncer de piel: Carcinoma basocelular (BCC): Este es el más común. Este cáncer crece en las células basales en la capa inferior de la piel. Crece lentamente y rara vez se propaga a otras partes del cuerpo; sin embargo, se requiere temprano tratamiento. Aparece en la piel expuesta al sol como el rostro, orejas, cuero cabelludo y parte superior del cuerpo. Busque señales de: bultos o tumores brillantes o perlados; una llaga que sana y vuelve a abrirse; tumor rosado y levemente levantado; parte de la piel irritada y roja; una cicatriz amarillenta o cerosa. Carcinoma espinocelular (SCC): Este cáncer crece en las células escamosas de la capa superior de la piel. Se puede encontrar en cualquier parte, incluidas la parte interior de la boca y el área genital. Busque temprano tratamiento para evitar que el cáncer se propague. Busque una parte de la piel escamosa o con costras, a menudo con una base roja. Melanoma: Comienza en las células de la piel que le dan color a ésta. El melanoma se puede propagar rápidamente a otros tejidos y órganos. La tasa de recuperación es alta con un tratamiento oportuno. Busque cambios en lunares o lunares nuevos en los que: la mitad del lunar no es igual a la otra mitad; los bordes son desiguales o irregulares; el color es desigual y hay más de un tono o color; el tamaño es mayor una goma de borrar de un lápiz o hay un cambio de tamaño; hay cambios en la forma que se siente, puede picar, sentirse seco, con protuberancias, hinchado o sensible. Skin Cancer. Spanish. 2
5 Your Care Treatment involves removing the tissue suspected of being skin cancer from the skin. This is done in the doctor s office or in the hospital. The tissue is sent to a lab to check for cancer cells. This is called a biopsy. Often, no further treatment is needed. Skin cancer may also be treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Talk to your doctor or nurse if you have any questions or concerns /2010 Health Information Translations Unless otherwise stated, user may print or download information from for personal, non-commercial use only. The medical information found on this website should not be used in place of a consultation with your doctor or other health care provider. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care provider before you start or stop any treatment or with any questions you may have about a medical condition. The Ohio State University Medical Center, Mount Carmel Health System, OhioHealth and Nationwide Children s Hospital are not responsible for injuries or damages you may incur as a result of your stopping medical treatment or your failure to obtain medical treatment. 3
6 Cuidados El tratamiento incluye la extirpación del tejido que se sospecha que está afectado con cáncer de piel. Esto se realiza en la consulta del médico o un hospital. El tejido se envía a un laboratorio para verificar la presencia de células cancerosas. Esto se conoce como biopsia. Con frecuencia, no se necesita tratamiento adicional. Además, el cáncer de piel se puede tratar con radioterapia y quimioterapia. Hable con su médico o enfermera si tiene alguna pregunta o inquietud /2010 Health Information Translations Unless otherwise stated, user may print or download information from for personal, non-commercial use only. The medical information found on this website should not be used in place of a consultation with your doctor or other health care provider. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care provider before you start or stop any treatment or with any questions you may have about a medical condition. The Ohio State University Medical Center, Mount Carmel Health System, OhioHealth and Nationwide Children s Hospital are not responsible for injuries or damages you may incur as a result of your stopping medical treatment or your failure to obtain medical treatment. Skin Cancer. Spanish. 3
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