FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS

Transcripción

1 FORMAL & INFORMAL COMMANDS

2 Super easy conjugation! Just go to the él/ella/usted form of the verb: habla! = talk! come! = eat! escribe! = write! escucha! = listen! bebe! = drink! abre! = open!

3 1. Play basketball with your friends! Juega al baloncesto con tus amigos 2. Call your mom Llama a tu mamá 3. Live your life Vive tu vida 4. Take a picture Saca un foto 5. Grow Crece 6. Ask for a hamburger Pide una hamburguesa

4 Affirmative (yes, do this) commands are one of the few instances in which you place pronouns after your conjugated verb rather than before. The pronouns are connected to your command to form one long word. If your final command including pronouns is more than two syllables long, you must add a written accent. Eat vegetables Come las verduras Cómelas Determine the placement of your accent by covering your pronoun(s) and then going back two vowels (unless there is only one vowel left, then put the accent there. *Remember that with a reflexive verb, the person that is doing the action is also the person receiving it, so with tú commands, you will always use te When using affirmative commands with pronouns, remember: COMMAND(IOP)(DOP) Your indirect object pronoun is the person receiving the action of the command, the direct object pronoun is what they receive Give the pencil to Pablo = Da el lápiz a Pablo = Dáselo Brush your teeth = *Cepíllate los dientes = cepíllatelos ALSO REMEMBER: NO LELO OR LELA, INSTEAD USE SELO OR SELA

5 Venir decir Salir Hacer tener Ir Poner Ser Ven Di Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon Sé

6 Formal (usted) commands are formed this way: 1. Go to the yo form of your verb: tener tengo 2. Ditch the o : tengo 3. Put on the opposite ending: tenga Adding the opposite ending means that if your original verb is an er verb, like tener, or an ir verb like escribir, you should add an a. If it is an ar verb, you should add an e. There is no difference in the conjugation of an affirmative formal command and a negative formal command.

7 Hablar Hablo (No) Hable

8 Comer Como (No) coma

9 Pensar Pienso (No) piense Stem-change? If that is how it is in the yo form, keep it that way for a formal command

10 Tener Tengo If a verb is a go verb in the present tense, it will retain the g in its formal command form (No) Tenga

11 Sacar Saco Works Just like a CAR- GAR-ZAR verb would in the preterit. -car becomes que, like saque, -gar becomes gue, like pague, and -zar becomes ce like almuerce Differences? (No) Saque 1. No written accent 2. Keep the presenttense stem-change intact (almuerce, juegue)

12 Llegar Llego (No) Llegue

13 Almorzar Almuerzo (No) Almuerce

14 Remember! The person receiving the action in this case is also doing the action, so your reflexive pronoun will always be se (connected, of course) because it is an USTED command Lavarse Lavo Lave Lávese 1. Say goodbye to se (just for a minute, she s coming back) 2. Conjugate what is left over in the yo form 3. Add the opposite ending 4. Reconnect with se on the back-end and add an accent if your word has more than two syllables.

15 Dar I r S er Haber E star S aber Dé Vaya Sea Haya Esté Sepa

16 1. Come frutas y verduras! Coma frutas y verduras! 2. Duerme ocho horas cada noche! Duerma ocho horas! 3. Cepíllate los dientes! Cepíllese los dientes! 4. Lee muchos libros! Lea muchos libros! 5. Ten cuidado! Tenga cuidado! 6. Acuéstate temprano! Acuéstese temprano! 7. Haz ejercicios todos los días! Haga ejercicios!

17 1. Hablar (más/menos) hable 2. Escuchar a los estudiantes escuche 3. Dar (más/menos) tarea dé 4. Leer (más/menos) en la clase lea 5. Escribir (más/menos) en la clase escriba 6. Traer comida para los estudiantes traiga 7. Tocar música en la clase toque 8. Llegar a tiempo todos los días llegue 1. Explicar todo explique 2. Ser paciente sea 3. Hacer (más/menos) preguntashaga 4. Repetir las instrucciones repita 5. Contestar todas las preguntas conteste 6. Usar la computadora (más/menos) use 7. Contar chistes cuente 8.?

18 Modelo: Cuántas horas debo dormir? (ocho o nueve horas) Cliente: Cuántas horas debo dormir? Tú: Duerma ocho o nueve horas cada noche 1. Hago ejercicios aeróbicos? (casi todos los días) 2. Qué como? (alimentos nutritivos) coma 3. Bebo café? (muy poco) beba 4. Voy al club atlético? (con frecuencia) vaya 5. Practico el atletismo? (para aliviar el estrés) 6. Juego al béisbol? (después de estirarse) juegue haga practique

19 El cepillo de dientes

20 Exactly the same as usted commands just add: HABLEN! COMAN! ESCRIBAN! LEVÁNTENSE! DESPIÉRTENSE!

21 Preparar comidas nutritivas

22 Modelo: Ducharse Dúchense con agua fría. 1. Lavarse los dientes 2. Maquillarse 3. Lavarse el pelo 4. Entrenarse 5. Acostarse 6. Levantarse 7. Estirarse 8. Peinarse 9. Esconderse

23 Remember, there are two different kinds of pronouns. Becomes se before lo(s) or la(s) Direct object prounous Indirect object prounous ME NOS ME NOS TE OS TE OS LO, LA LOS, LAS LE LES

24 Just like usted commands, just add: NO HABLES! NO COMAS! NO ESCRIBAS!

25 1. Cut off the se (comes back later) ponerse 2. Go to the yo form of whats left pongo 3. Insert no before and opposite tú ending no pongas 4. Re-insert te after no, before verb no te pongas

26 1. Cut off the se (comes back later) vestirse 2. Go to the yo form of whats left visto 3. Insert no before and opposite ud. ending no vista 4. Re-insert se after no, before verb no se vista

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