INDICE. Introducción 1

Transcripción

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4 Las restricciones a la libertad de expresión y al derecho a la información en el 2009 Metodología de trabajo =0 #,30*;+ 3,,-2, *+1#A, 2A0+3 A :/+2 3, :0#2* ,#20-./, UK=*8#,,A*2, /0+3 -, :#3/, /+0 0J#,-*;+./, 01, *8,#203 3,,9:#,-*;+ 0, *+1#A0*;+`=0-A*-A0--,>*,+,+#,:*40+33,-3,,40_566< 80B /+0 A,234JC0./, -,,+/,+2#0 02/04A,+2,,+ :#,- #,>*-*;+Z + 4-3,A$- #J0+*-A- 0 +*>,43Aa-2*,*+2,#+0*+04./,-,,+0#J0+3,A+*2#,0#,4,-2033,404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+,+4-3*-2*+2-:0C-,-`), ,0J#,J0#+40->*40*+,-#,:#2030-?#,J*-2#030-:#40- #J0+*N0*+,-+0*+04,-,*+2,#+0*+04,-0+2,-A,+*+030-` ):0#2*#3,40-*-2,A02*N0*;+3,40*+1#A0*;+-,:#,3*;0#,0# -,*- 02,J#C0-3*-2*+20- :0#0 0J#/:0# 40-3*1,#,+2,- >*40*+,- +2#0 40 4*8,#203 3,,9:#,-*;+? 0, *+1#A0*;+` M-20-02,J#C0- :/,3,+ -,# 8B,2 3, 3*-/-*;+ :-2,#*#? #,>*-*;+,+ 1/+*;+ 3, -/ :,#2*+,+*0? 40#*303` ]0#0 04J/+- 8-,#>03#,-Z 80B3*1,#,+2,-#*2,#*-Z04J/+-3,4-,4,A,+2-3,4-A*-A- :3#C0+ -,# -/8-/A*3-,+ 2#0 3, 40-02,J#C0-,9*-2,+2,-,+ /+0 +/,>0` G*+,A80#JZ :,#3,# 3, >*-20./, ,J#*N0*;+,- /+ +-2#/2 2,;#*? A,234;J*./, -, 3*-,_0:0#010*4*20#40A:#,+-*;+` =0-02,J#C0-3,%+* *J/*,+2,-( O` )*+,-#*, *A:,3*#,42#080B:,#*3C-2* 5` )*+,-*+2*A*302#*0-+2#0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+ <` D` F` H` )*+,-+2#040*+2,J#*303:-*K1C-*03,4:,#*3*-20 MA*-*;+3,+#A02*>0-?/2*4*N0*;+3,4A0#4,J04:0#0 *A:,3*#404*8#,,9:#,-*;+?0,-040*+1#A0*;+ )2-3,,+-/#0 P,:#,-04*0-,+;A*0- Acciones orientadas a impedir el trabajo periodístico` G ,+3*,+2,- 0 *A:,3*# 40 8,#2/#0 2#0+-A*-*;+ +2**--` W0+ 3,-3,,4-0820B,Z 40 /:0*;+ 3, 40- *+-2040*+,-3,4A,3*Z403,2,+*;+*4,J043,:,#*3*-20-Z>*4,+*0 4,204,43,A*-3,4,./*:3,2#080B?XA02,#*04*+1#A02*>Z *A:,3*#4,,4 0, /J0#,- :R84* A/+*03#,- -*04,-Z400+,40*;+3,:#J#0A0-Z,43,-:*33,:,#*3*-20-? 40-#,-2#**+,-040,-040*+1#A0*;+:R84*0` -*04,+,4,B,#**3,-/:#1,-*;+`M+2#,,-2--,,+/,+2#0+40-0A,+0N0-Z4-02,+203-#,04*N03-+0#A0-?,9:4-*>-+2#040- *+-2040*+,-3,4A,3*Z#8?X30_04-,./*:-*+-2040*+,- 3, 4- -,J/*A*,+2 0 :,#*3*-20- A/+*03#,--*04,-3,-3,>,@C/4-+*3,+2*%03-Z0A,+0N0-3,A/420-/2#0-0*+,-03A*+*-2#02*>0-./,:+,+,+:#,0#*40 4*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+Z*+2,+23,3,A*-3,,./*:Z0A,+0N03, *,##,3,4A,3*Z*+2,+23,0440+0A*,+2*4,J0404@J0#04,+2# 3,2#080B?:*+2030-#,04*N030-,+*+-2040*+,-3,4-A,3*-` Acciones contra la integridad psico física del periodista`g,#,%,#, /0*+,- 3, 0J#,-*;+ +2#0,4 :,#*3*-20./, >0+ 3,-3,40->,#804,-Z:0-0+3:#40-1C-*0-dJ4:,-Z@,#*30-Z2#2/#0Z,2`eZ02,+203-3*#,2-+2#040>*303,4:,#*3*-20Z0-,-*+02-3, :,#*3*-20-3,A*,A8#-3,-/-10A*4*0-` Emisión de normativas y utilización del marco legal para impedir la libre expresión y acceso a la información`g , 0#$2,# 03A*+*-2#02*>Z :#A>*3- A,3*0+2, 0/,#3-3,4 :3,#,B,/2*> 3,#,2-3,4 +J#,-Z./, 8/-0+ :+,#4, 4CA*2, *8#,,9:#,-*;+?,4 0, *+1#A0*;+` M+,-20 02,J#C0-,*+4/?,+20A8*a+40-#,:#,-04*0-B/3**04,-:#A>*30- +2#0:,#*3*-20-?A,3*-:#,-04,-02#0>a-3,40-./,#,440-:# 3*10A0*;+Z*+B/#*004/A+*0` Actos de censura`g+02-#*,+203-0#,-2#*+j*#403*>/4j0*;+ 3,*+1#A0*;+>,#0N?A:4,203,@,@-+2**--`M+,-2,0-,++2#0A--*2/0*+,-,+40-./,,4:,#*3*-20,4A,3*3,*3,+ #,-2#*+J*#40*+1#A0*;+A#,-/42033,0A,+0N0-d0/2,+-/#0e` V0A8*a+,-2$+40-0*+,-3*#,20-3,4M ,-,4,*A:+, 04A,3*3,A/+*0*;++3*>/4J0#3,2,#A*+030*+1#A0*;+` Represalias económicas` M-20 02,J#C0 -, #,%,#, 0 0*+,- :#>,+*,+2,- 3,4 -,2# :#*>03 :R84* #*, ,20#,4 1/+*+0A*,+2 3,4 A,3* 3, A/+*0*;+ A,3*0+2, 40 -/-:,+-*;+ 3, +2#02-3, :/84** /8>,+*+,-`G,JR+ 4-3,+/+*0+2,-Z40-A*-A0--,:#3/,+/0+3404C+,0,3*2#*04 3,4A,3*+2#0>*,+,40->*-*+,-:4C2*0-01,204-*+2,#,-,-,+;A*-3,40+/+*0+2,` b,+2# 3, 030 /+0 3,,-20-02,J#C0-Z A,-2$,9:4*03 *A:4C*20A,+2, 0##*80Z -, 40#+ 40-3*-2*+20-0J#,-*+,- 3,+/+*030-3/#0+2,, /04,--*#>*,#+3,:0#$A,2#:0#0 0J#/:0#40-3,0_-0+2,#*#,-:0#040A:0#0*;+%+04` Acciones intimidatorias contra la libertad de expresión` G #*, ,A#*N0#04:,#*3*-20A/+*03# Página 2 de 43

5 ]0#04,4 0,-2Z 03,A$- /+ #,/,+2 3, #,-:+-084,-? >C2*A0-Z40-/04,-:/,3,+-,#1$*4A,+2,*3,+2*%084,-` $ ())*+,-.$/0-$12-)314+,$5041,3-$-6$77"$61$6*8-4315$5-$-9:4-.*;,$ 3.73./)4+)/#.*,-81+*)/# #$.1+/+8-#2.#-,31)0+>)/#?#=0+4+@)*+8-#2.4#1)3*,#4.;)4#7)3)# # )2#2.#.673./+8-# #$ )*0,/#2.#*.-/=3)# #$ )**+,-./#*,-03)#4)#+-0.;3+2)2#7/+*,#<:/+*)#2.4#7.3+,2+/0)# "#$ )**+,-./#,3+.-0)2)/#)# #.4#03)5)9,#7.3+,2:/0+*,# %#$ )**+,-./# )0,3+)/#*,-03)#4)#4+5.30)2#2.#.673./+8-# "# $"# %"# %$"# "# $"# "# $"# ("# "#$ Las violaciones a la libertad de expresión y al derecho a la información en el 2009 Análisis de las acciones destinadas a coartar la libertad de expresión y acceso a la información en el 2009 =0-0*+,-*+2*A*302#*0-+2#0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+1/,#+ 40-A0?#,->*40*+,-+2#0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+,+, ,J0+3 0 /+ <7nZ -,J/*30-3, 0./,440- #*, *A:,3*#,4 2#080B:,#*3C-2*d<HneZ?400*+,-+2#040*+2,J#*303:-*K 1C-*0 3,4 :,#*3*-20./, 0-,+3*,#+ 0 /+ O7n` =0,A*-*;+ 3, +#A02*>0-? 40 /2*4*N0*;+ 3,4 A0# 4,J04 :0#0 *A:,3*# 40 4*8#,,9:#,-*;+?,40,-040*+1#A0*;+-/A0#+/+5nZA*,+2#0-./, ,,+-/#0040+N0#+/+<n?40-#,:#,-04*0-,+;A*0- +2#04-A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+0:,+0-/+/+:#*,+2` Página 3 de 43

6 Acciones orientadas a impedir el trabajo periodístico b,+2# 3, 40-02/0*+,- #*, *A:,3*#,4 2#080B :,#*3C-2* 3, ,2,+*+,- *4,J04,- 3, :,#*3* /+5<nZ-,J/*303,40/:0*;+3,40-*+-2040*+,-3,4-A,3*- 3,A/+*0*;+d5OneZ?,4*,##,3,A,3*-dOIne`=-02-3, -0820B, +2#0 4- A,3*- 3, A/+*0*;+ 040+N0#+ /+ OFn 3,422043,0--?,43,A*-3,,./*:3,2#080B?A02,#*04 *+1#A02*> do6ne 20A8*a+ 1/,#+ >*40*+,- #,/##,+2,-` =,- -*J/,+400+,40*;+3,%+*2*>03,:#J#0A0-+/+FnZ0*+,-./,*A:*3*,#+,40,-0:,#*3*-20-0,3*%*-:R84*-dDneZ,4 3,-:*33,A/+*03#,--*04,-d<ne?40#,-2#**;+040,-0 40*+1#A0*;+:R84*0dOne` #$ "#$ ""#$%($)#%*+,+(+(#-.,#)(/(*)+0+1$(.)#$,23"$( %#$ (#$ %#$ %#$ %#$ %(#$ %(#$ #$ #$ )#$ "#$ %#$ (#$ *+,+-./0-$/1+231$ 4+$5+6/74/8,38$ 9.:53./0-$4+$ /-8,313./7-+8$4+$ 178$;+4/78$ </+66+$4+1$;+4/7$ =3>7,3?+$ *+.7;/87$4+$ +@:/57$4+$,63>3?7$A$ ;3,+6/31$ /-B76;3CD7$ < /0-$ 4+E-/CD3$4+1$ ;3$ F;5/4+-$3..+87$ 3$5+6/74/8,38$3$ +4E./78$5G>1/.78$$ *+85/47$ H+8,6/../0-$31$ $3$13$ /-B76;3./0-$ 5G>1/.3$ M4HIn3,4-3,A*--1/,3,,./*:3,2#080BZA*,+2#0-./,,4 <<n#,-20+2,1/,3,a02,#*04*+1#a02*>` Página 4 de 43

7 =0/:0*;+3,40-*+-2040*+,-3,4-A,3*--,#,04*N;,+,4L6n *A:4*;,4*,##,3,4A,3*KZ,4O5n02#0>a-3,/+0*+2,#>,+*;+ 3,1/+*+0#*-3,2#0-*+-2040*+,-3,4M-203d+40,9/-03, /+0g*+-:,*;+2a+*0hg-4**2/33,3/A,+2-4,J04,-h4./, 3*%/420,42#080B:,#*3C-2*e?/+Ln1/,+/+0*##/:*;++ >*4,+*0 3,-A,3*30,+ 40- *+-2040*+,- + 1/,#N0- :4**04,-? A*4*20#,-:#/+:,#C33,2*,A:3,2,#A*+03` "#$%"()*+)(,-%.%"/(+,)*+)./,)0+*/,) /45(")*+0*+#%6+ "*6$%#%("7*06+,.+ /*$010*(")* "#"$%"%(")*+,-.+ Página 5 de 43

8 =0*+2,#1,#,+*03,40-,_04,A*-*;+1/,,4023,-0820B,,+ /+F<n3,4-0--Z-,J/*33,/+#2,3,4*8,#033,4--,#>**- :R84*- d-/a*+*-2#,4a2#* 8$-*0A,+2,e :0#0 8-20/4*N0# 40-2#0+-A*-*+,-,+ /+ OLn 3, 40-0-*+,-Z A*,+2#0-./,40 3,-2#/*;+ 3, 2#0+-A*-#,- /##*;,+ /+ O5n 3, 4-0--` G, #,04*N0#+02-3,-0820B,,+,4*+2,#*#3,40-*+-2040*+,-,+/+ O5nZ?,+/+Hn3,40-0-*+,--,#,04*N;/+84./,*+1#A02*> 3,2#0+-A*-*+,-3,2,4,>*-*;+?#03*` "#$%"( C,/D6$/*("/%0)E:/*/"* #$,$:(-/%)-*F*$0(-/%)-*6$%)*+$,* )(%$* G4* A)=/#)B$*$"* ("-#),)(/"$-* 784* 9/%#$*+$*-$%:((/-* ;<=,(/-*;)%)*/=-#)6,(>)%* $,*+$%$?/*)*,)* ("/%0)(1"* "#$%$%$"()*+$*,)*-$.),*/* $0(-(1"* 234* 5$-#%6(1"*+$* #%)"-0(-/%$-* 784* Página 6 de 43

9 Acciones intimidatorias contra la libertad de expresión M+2#,40-0*+,-*+2*A*302#*0-+2#0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+40-0A,+0N0- d0+;+*a0-,+ 0--e +208*4*N0#+ /+ FFn 3, , 40- >*40*+,- 3,+/+*030-Z /+ODn3,40->,,-Z?4-30_-040-*+-2040*+,-3,4-A,3*-? /,- +,9:4-*>-? 0#A0-,+ /+ 7? H :# *,+2Z #,-:,2*>0A,+2,`M4#,-23,4-0--1/,#+-,J/*A*,+2+%+,- *+2*A*302#*-dDneZ#8-0A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+?:,#*3*-20- +%+,-*+2*A*302#*-d<neZ0A,+0N0-3,A/420-?2#0-0*+,- 03A*+*-2#02*>0-20A8*a+ +,-2, :#:;-*2Z *+2,+2 3, 3,A*- 3,,./*: :# :0#2, 3, 40 0/2#*303Z *+2,+2 3, #8 3,,./*:? A*,+2- *++-2*2/*+04,-Z a-20- R42*A0- + /+ 5n 030 /+0` V0A8*a+ -, 3,+/+*0#+ 0A,+0N0 3, *,##, 3, A,3*-Z *+2,+2-3,0440+0A*,+2*4,J04?:* #0A,3*-?0-0-3, A/+*03#,--*04,-+/+On,+0300-` ""#$%(#%)*#+,-$.#,("$%-.,(/,(/#0.-,+(+(12.#3%( L5-6.>.# K-6,-62#>,# ,-62#59,4.9# *+,-./.#>,#=5,CC,#>,#+,>520# K-6,-62#>,#C2I2#>,#,:;5<2# * ,-62#59,4.9# K-6,-62#>,#>,=2+502#>,9#,:;5<2#<2C#<.C6,#>,#9.#.;62C5>.># *+,-./.#>,#+;96.C##B#26C.0#.==52-,0#.>+5-506C.3A.0#:;,#<2-,-#,9# en <C,=.C52#95I,C6.>#>,#,@<C,05?-# H2I20#.#+,>520#>,#=2+;-5=.=5?-#B#<,C52>506.0#=2-#2IJ,3A20# 5-3+5>.62C520# D,C5,0$# D,4;5+5,-62#,-#A,EF=;920#=2-#G-,0#5-3+5>.62C520# *6.:;,0#=2-#,@<9205A20#B#.C+.0# Daño 7.82#.#920#,:;5<20# =52-,0#>,9#+,>52#>,#=2+;-5=.=5?-# a los equipos en instalaciones del medio de comunicación ,-62# *+,-./.0# "# $"# %"# "# "# ("# )"# Página 7 de 43

10 Acciones contra la integridad psico física del periodista =0-0*+,- +2#0 40 *+2,J#*303 :-*K1C-*0 3,4 :,#*3*-20./, :#,3A*+0#+ 1/,#+ 40-0J#,-*+,- 1C-*0-? >,#804,- di<n 3, ,0--eZ,40-,-*+023,:,#*3*-20-dHneZ02, #0 :,#*3*-20- d7nez -,/,-2# 3, A/+*03#,- -*04,- dlne? 0-,-*+023,10A*4*0#,-3,:,#*3*-20-d<ne` ""#$%("$%)*+(,+(#%)-*#.+.(/#"$01#"+(.,(2*#$.#)+( %$%(,4%)5$)=,:0,#$%)5$) 6$#5%4,) >3) %$%(,4)5$)6$#5%4,%) <3) 8$+9$%4#)5$) +:9(+,5#$%)%+,0$%) ;3) Atentado contra periodistas 9% 4$(4,5)+(4#,) 6$#5%4,%) 73) "#$%($%)*%+,%)-).$#/,0$%) 123) Agresiones físicas y verbales 74% Página 8 de 43

11 Emisión de normativas y utilización del marco legal para impedir la libre expresión y el acceso a la información M+2#,40-+#A0-*A:4,A,+2030-:0#0*A:,3*#404*8#,,9:#,-*;+?,4 0, *+1#A0*;+ 3, #*, #,-2#*+J*# 40 4*8,#203 3, :#,+-0 df6nez 40,A*-*;+ 3, +#A02*>0-./, 8/-080+ :#@*8*# 40 4*8#,,A*-*;+ 3,4 :,+-0A*,+2 d5fnez? 40,A*-*;+ 3, 0/,#3-,B,/2*>- #*, #,-2#*+J*# 40- J0#0+2C0- +-2*2/*+04,-dO<neZB/+2+3,+/+*0-:#3*10A0*;++2#0 A/+*03#,--*04,-dO<ne` "#$#%()%*"+,-+$./,0#1+2#3()0"+*2%0)4+05+*+*)$6*#4#*0+ 0#7)*6+(())85*)$#3.)0+22)$%+0+#9%*"+2#3 =")7)+*/5%*.>+<+()* 8?2* :%5;-()*."*,+*,-%"*"<#()*.",*/")#+<")$5* 902* "#$%()*+*,+*,-"%$+.*."* /%")#+* 012* "#$%()*."* 3+%+)4+#* 5)#6$75)+,"#* 892* Página 9 de 43

12 Actos de censura =-02-3,,+-/#03,+/+*03--/A0#+,4<n3,40-0*+,-./, 01,20#+404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+3/#0+2,,45667`G*8*,+Z04J/+0-3,40-0*+,-3,+/+*030-,+40-02,J#C0-0+2,#*#,-:/3*,#+ :#>0#*+3*#,20A,+2,02-3,,+-/#00/2,+-/#04-A*-A- +1/,#+3,+/+*03-,9:4C*20A,+2,A204,-?:# Represalias Económicas contra medios de comunicación =0- #,:#,-04*0-,+;A*0- +2#0 A,3*- 3, A/+*0*;+ d-/-:,+-*;+3,40:0/20:/84**20#*0?0+,40*;+3,-/8>,+*+,-,-20204,-e:#a0+2,+,#/+04c+,0,3*2#*0403>,#-004-*+2,#,-,- 3, *,#2- J#/:-,+;A*-? 3,4 J8*,#+ 3, N0#+ 0:,+0-,4On3,422043,40->*40*+,-0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+Z?3,>,40#+/+0:#$2*0*+>,2,#030+,4%+3,,>*20#,40,-0 40*+1#A0*;+>,#0N3/#0+2,40#*-*-:4C2*0./,-,>*>*;3,-:/a- 3,45L3,B/+*` k+302*a:#20+2,3,#,-0420#,-,4#,:/+2,3,40->*40*+,-+2#0 3,M-2033,45L3,B/+*`M+2#,,+,#?,45I3,B/+*,4:#A,3* 0-,+3C00<`D>*40*+,-:#A,-Z:,#2#0-,43,##0A*,+23,4 :#,-*3,+2, ^,40?0,4 :#A,3* 44,J0 0 <7 >*40*+,- A,+-/04,-Z #,J*-2#$+3-,,4A0?#+RA,#,+2#,,45L?,4<63,B/+*+7I >*40*+,-Z-,J/*33,B/4*+76Z0J-2+<HZ-,:2*,A8#,+ FH?+/+00C30,+2/8#,dIeZ:0#04/,J*+#,A,+20#-,,+4- A,-,-3,+>*,A8#,dOLe?3**,A8#,+L>*40*+,-` *$(" "#$%($)*%$+,$+ *((" " (" +(" )(" %)",-./01"2/"340/561,/5" #(" )" $(" *+" (" " #" $" " %" " +" Página 10 de 43

13 Análisis sobre la identidad de los agresores b/#0+2,, A0?#C0 3, 4-0J#,-#,- *3,+2*%03- ##,-:+3,+ 0 1/,#N0- :4**04,-? A*4*20#,- dfdnez,+2,- 1/+*+0#*- J/8,#+0A,+204,- d5onez 4- :#:*- A,3*- 3, A/+*0*;+ dinez :,#03#,- 3, B/-2**0 dfnez,4 -,2# :#*>03 ddne?2#--,2#,-doone` G*3*>*3*A-,40_0:0#2*#3,45L3,B/+*K/+:0#2,0J/0-:0#0 40@*-2#*03,A#$2*03,c+3/#0-K,++2#0#,A-3*1,#,+*0-? -*A*4*2/3,-,+40-0J#,-*+,-+2#04-A,3*-`M+0A8-:,#C3-8$-*0A,+2, 4- #,-:+-084, A*-A-(,4 J8*,#+Z 40-1/,#N0-#,:#,-*>0-?4-:#:*-A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+`]#,>*04 5L3,B/+*,4D6n3,40-0J#,-*+,-,-02#*8/* /+*+0#*-,*+-2*2/*+,-J/8,#+0A,+204,-Z-,J/*33,<6n3,#,-:+-08*4*303 :0#040:4*C0?/+56n:0#04-A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+`]-2,#*# 045L3,B/+*/+FFn1/,#+02#*8/*30-3*#,20A,+2,040-1/,#N0- :4**04,-? A*4*20#,-Z /+ 5Fn 04 J8*,#+ 3, 102? /+ Hn 0 4- A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+ZB/+2+,4-,2#:#*>03?2#-J#/:- d<ne` G*+,A80#JZ-*>,A-043,2044,,++2#0#,A-04J/+-,4,A,+2- *A:#20+2,-2#0-,4"4:,3,M-203(40:0#2**:0*;+3,4,Ba#*2,+ 0J#,-*+, *8,#203 3,,9:#,-*;+ d57n 3,4 2204e? 3, *+2,J#0+2,-3,4A>*A*,+2-*04./,-,+1#A;:0#0:+,#-,04 3,##0A*,+23,4:#,-*3,+2,T0+/,4^,40?0dOOne` =0 A0?#C0 3, 40-0J#,-*+,-,+ J,+,#04Z 2#0-,4 5L 3, B/+*Z ##,-:+3,+ 0 -,2#,- *3,+2*%03- A -*A:02*N0+2,- 3,4 "8*,#+3,j02,+/+LLn3,4-0--Z:-*2#,-04A*-A,+ /+OOn?,4#,-20+2,-*+:-2/#0:4C2*0*3,+2*%030+#,40*;+0 4--/,--3,45LXH` "#$%#()"#*+"*,-%).-%"#**)*)-("/0+*+"*"1$/"#-2*"*/").-2*)*34* 56-%* 52#+*%.632,$#7"8, 40 1+*%2.*3$%( )*(+$,$ -%.,* 440 "#$%()*(+$,$-%.,* //0 Página 11 de 43

14 M4A,3*3,A/+*0*;+./,A$-1/,*3,+2*%03A#,-:+-084, 3,400J#,-*;++2#0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+3/#0+2,,456671/, P03*U03,+0W,-o:#:*,3033,4,9:#,-*3,+2,P*0#3T03/#o,+/+D5n3,4-0--Z-,J/*33,cPQ+/+5Fn?P03*)Aa#*0Z P03*U02;4*0ZU0+04FO?P03*)4,J#,V0+04#,3,3#3,/+ 7n030/+0` %#$ #$ "#$ "#$%#"(%)*+$,-,$.+$#"+/0,-#%,%)%1"2%+-34"#" 5$%4-,$%+"-4-4$3"16-##""721"$.+ )%#$ )#$ "%#$ "%#$ "#$ (%#$ (#$ #$ #$ #$ #$ %#$ #$ *+,-.$/+,01+$2.304$ 5*6$ *+,-.$7809:0$;.3.+$ *+,-.$7<=:-3+$ /+1+8$%($ *+,-.$/+>?8-3+$ Página 12 de 43

15 =0:#*+*:040J#,-*;+#,04*N030:#A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+1/,40 0+,40*;+3,4:#J#0A0,+/+F6n3,4-0--Z-,J/*33,43,-:*3 3,A/+*03#,--*04,-,+/+5FnZ*+2,##/:*;+3,4*8,#0303,40,A*-*;+,+/+OIn?40:#$2*03,02-3,,+-/#03,+/+*030,+ /+Ln` "#$%%("$)*+"$,-%*%)*%."/01*%%23#0-"4,%#0#10**-%#$0%)$-% 5"$-%%6$78,"+*+"4,% %#48,") ;2) 6#7%,,8+$(#)*%)%/4(#) 9:2) "#$%"$(#)*%)+,-.,"/") 012) 3%4+*-) 502) Página 13 de 43

16 =-0J#,-#,-+*3,+2*%03- D :#,>*045L3,B/+*1/,#+J#/:- -/:/,-20A,+2,>*+/403-04#*A,+#J0+*N03dDDneZ:,#3,-:/a- 3,4 "4:, 3, M A0?#C0,#0+ -,2#,- A:4,20A,+2, 3,-+*3-dF5ne?:#,-/+2-0J,+2,-3,40-,J/#*3033,4M-203,+/+<On3,4-0--` %" %#" "#$%#()"#*+"*,-"#.%"#**)*).("-/+*+"*"0$-"#.1*%*.+"234+%#* %%" " " #" " #" ()*+,-,+./,*" " " 01)*2-3,*"45)-3)*"/)"64"7)521./4/"/)6"8*34/," 01)*2-349)-3)":12;,",;,*.3,1"46":,6;)"/)" 8*34/," " #" 01)*2-349)-3)"<5)-3)*"52=)1-49)-346)*" %" " 01)*2-349)-3)">1.9)-"?154-.@4/," $" " " #" 01)*2-3,*")A314-B)1,*" 01)*2-349)-3)">,9;4CD4*"E4-4-)14*" " " #" #" 01)*2-349)-3)":12;,"/)"0,/)1"F)A";1)*./)-3)*"G" /2)C,*"/)"9)/.,*H" 01)":,6;)"/)"8*34/," 0,*3":,6;)"/)"8*34/," DM+,4J#/:3,02#,-g+*3,+2*%03-h,++2#0A-#,-:+-084,-3,./*,+,+A/@-0---/*3,+2*303,-g:#,-/+20hZ,-3,*#Z-*8*,++-,+,+,902*2/340*3,+2*3033,40/2#,43,+/+*0+2,-/:+,-8#, 40A*-A0`UK=*8#,R+*0A,+2,4./,@0,,-2#0+-#*8*#40---:,@0-3,43,+/+*0+2,-8#,40*3,+2*3033,4 0/2#`M+,-2,J#/:20A8*a+-,,+/,+2#0+A/@-0--,+4-./,40>C2*A0+:/,3,+-,02#,>,0 -,_0#0/+:#,-/+2#,-:+-084,?,---,A0+2*,+,+80B,42a#A*+3,g3,-+*3-h` Página 14 de 43

17 =0-:#*+*:04,-0J#,-*+,-02#*8/*30-040:4*C02#0-,45L3,B/+* -+ 3,2,+*+,- *4,J04,- d5hnez 0A,+0N0- dolnez 0J#,-*;+ 1C-*0? >,#804d5Ine?3,A*-3,,./*:-?A02,#*04,-dO5ne`T*,+2#0-./, 040- j/,#n0-)#a030--, :0#2**:03,+ 40 A*4*20#*N0*;+3,0+04,-3,2,4,>*-*;+?,A*-#0-3,#03*d5IneZ -,#,40/2#3*#,2./,:#>;40-/-:,+-*;+3,2#0+-A*-*+,-,+ A,3*- 3, A/+*0*;+ 3,8*3 0 *,##,- 1#N03- 3,2,+*3*4,J04A,+2,0:,#*3*-20-dOOne?30_0#,4,./*:3,>0#*- A,3*-3,A/+*0*;+dLne` )*#$ "#$%"#()*%*$%*$"+(,-%.*.(*(/0,()"1*%-,"+2".%)*%*$%*3#$"4%*0#)-*5678* "#$ #$ (#$ *#$ %#$ %(#$ %#$ %*#$ (#$ (#$ )#$ )#$ )#$ %#$ %#$ %#$ *#$ +,-,./01.$ 02,342$ 56,.4748$ 539,801.$ +,/>608>$?,$ :80/4$;$<,9=42$,@A0B>$;$ 64-,9042,8$ +4C>$?,$,@A0B>$ D0,99,$6,?0>$E /01.$ Cierre F.-,.->$?,$ medio?,/>608>$?,$,@a0b>$;$ 64-,9042,8$ 0.G>964H<>8$ I>=>$?,$?0.,9>$ D,.8A94$ F.-,.->$?,$ ,.->$ 02,342$ Análisis de las víctimas =0- #03*- 1/,#+ 40- :#*+*:04,- >C2*A0-3/#0+2,, , , 40- >*40*+, *8,#203 3,,9:#,-*;+? 0, *+1#A0*;+ +208*4*N0+3 /+ DIn 3, , 4-0--` =- 0+04,-3,2,4,>*-*;+,-2$+*3,+2*%03-,+/+<In3,40-0-*+,- A,43,-2*+020#*3,400J#,-*;+ZA*,+2#0-./,40:#,+-0,-#*20 41/,,+/+OHn F` G*A:0#0A-40:#, *+2,#+0*+04>,#,A-./,4- :#*A,#--/1#*,#+,4LLn3, J#,-*+,-ZA*,+2#0-./,4- R42*A-,4#,-20+2,O5n` b,-#*8*, J#,-*+,- 0 +*>,4 3, A,3*- 404,-,+ 3,2044, >,A-./,4-0+04,-3,2,4,>*-*;+3,040+,+0*+0444,>0#+40 :,#:0#2,d5Hn3,422043,0--#,J*-2#03-eZ-,J/*3-3,40-#03*- +0*+04,-?40-#03*-404,-d0A80-+/+OIneZ4-:,#*;3*- *A:#,--dODne?40:#,+-0*+2,#+0*+04dO5ne`b,2#$-3,a-2--,,+/,+2#0+40-#J0+*N0*+,-3,-*,303*>*4./, /-:#:*-,-:0*-*+1#A02*>-?3,:*+*;+ZB/ ,- FM-2,#,/,+2,94/?,04-A,3*-*+2,#+0*+04,- 3,2,4,>*-*;+404d0A8-+/+FneZ4-:,#*3*-20-*3,+2*%03- A*+3,:,+3*,+2,-d5neZ03,A$-3,4-:,#*;3*-3*J*204,-ZB/ ,A:#,-0-3,084,,+,4#,-23,4/+*>,#-3,>*40*+,-` G* +,+2#0A- +/,-2#0 02,+*;+ -;4 3,+2# 3, ,- 3, 2,4,>*-*;+3,c+3/#0- >,#,A-./, 0./,44-3,040+, +0*+04 1/,#+>C2*A0-3,4LOn3,40->*40*+,-0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+Z A*,+2#0-./,4-0+04,-404,--/1#*,#+,4OFn3,40-0J#,-*+,-Z? 40-,A:#,-0-3,084,d ,8,#2/#0+0*+04A404e /+Dn` ) +*>,4 3, >,A-./, , 3*1/-*;+ +0*+04?A40-3,040+,404#,*8*,#+030/+0/+DOn3, ,40->*40*+,-0404*8,#2033,,9:#,-*;+d+208*4*N0+3,+ +B/+2,4 L5n 3,4 2204eZ A*,+2#0-./, 4- :#J#0A0-./, 2#0+-A*2C0+40-#J0+*N0*+,-3,-*,303*>*402#0>a-3,,A*-#0- #03*04,--/1#*,#+,4O<n3,422043,40-0J#,-*+,-`=-,-:0*- +2#0203- :# :,#*3*-20- *+3,:,+3*,+2,- 1/,#+ 8B,2 3, 0J#,-*;+,+,4Fn3,4-0--` )+*>,43,A,3*-2,4,>*-*>-,4U0+04<H#,*8*;,455n3,422043, 40-0J#,-*+,-Z-,J/*33,U0+04OOdOIne?U0+04HHdT0?0VWe+ /+7n` Página 15 de 43

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