Energy data in the National GHG Inventory of Costa Rica

1 Energy data in the National GHG Inventory of Costa Rica 15 th Expert Meeting on Data for the IPCC Emission Factor Database 13-14 December-Paris, France Ing. Kendal Blanco Instituto Meteorológico Nacional-Costa Rica

2 About Costa Rica Area: 51100 km 2 Population: 4 890 000 (2016) Economy: Services Exports

3 GHG emissions: total Net emissions: 11 250.31 kt CO 2 eq Sector Emissions (kt CO 2 eq) Energy 7213.83 64% IPPU 980.7 AFOLU 1119.36 Waste 1864.31

CO 2 eq (kt) 4 GHG emissions: Energy 9000 8000 Energy sector Preliminary estimates 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Año Mobile combustion Manufacturing Industries and Construction Energy Industries Commercial / Institutional Residential Agriculture

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 CO 2 eq (Gg) 5 GHG emissions: Energy 1000 900 874.16 Electricity Generation 861.26 800 778.23 700 600 595.08 500 490.698 400 300 200 100 176.464 130.97 60.77 106.41 0 Year

CO 2 eq (kt) 6 Energy Emissions 6000 5000 Mobile combustion 4699.04 4908.97 5466.15 5131.53 4000 3686.42 3000 2486.99 2687.02 2933.28 3511.55 2000 1000 1569.501 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year

7 Methodology used (2012 inventory) 2006 IPCC Guidelines Stationary and Mobile combustion: Tier 1 approach: Data on the amount of fuel combusted in the source category. A default emission factor

8 Activity data collection Cement plants Customs Private electricity generation Others Energy Balance (TJ) Fossil fuels consumption (m 3 ) Total Electricity generation (GWh) QC processes

9 AD: Energy Balance BALANCE ENERGÉTICO NACIONAL DE COSTA RICA PERIODO 2016 (preliminar) Elaborado por: Secretaría Ejecutiva de Planificación del Subsector Energía TERAJULIOS balance 2016 acualizado al 08/05/2017 Energía Primaria Energía Secundaria Descripción CM LE RV(*) BG CC ORV PT HE GEO EOL BIG SOL Total primarias CK CV LPG GR GS NFP AVG KE JF DO GO IF380 FO EAS ASF OH EE Total secundaria s Total Oferta Centros de transformación Consumo final Transferencias 0 0 57-57 0 0 281-281 -119 297-7 0 253-253 0 171 171 Producción 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 630 39.841 129.472 10.349 16.834 11.269 437 5.128 36.045 62.097 4.130 9 9 129.472 45 39.167 Importación 14 7.485 19.837 21.167 0 50 0 8.355 43.241 0 0 5.606 0 3.016 0 2.906 115.157 115.170 14 0 3.494 Exportación 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 560 2.365 2.925 2.925 Variación de 0-557 -62-413 -499 13 0 7 389 969-7 7 703-1 -129 0 977 420 Inventario -557 No aprovechada 3.945 17.392 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17.392 0 13.443 4 Oferta Interna 14 10.349 16.834 11.269 437 5.128 0 31.542 48.654 4.130 4 9 111.536 3.494 45 7.423 19.482 20.610 13 50 288 8.463 44.091 290 0,000 6.310 251 2.634 70 39.708 153.222 224.917 Total Transformado 0-178 -1.315-1.196 0-118 0-31.542-48.654-4.130-1 -9-85.830 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-163 0 0-1.520 0 0 0 0-1.682-48.301 Carboneras -178-178 45 45-134 Refinerias 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Centrales Electricas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-23.881-43.632-280 0-9 -67.801 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-163 0 0-1.520 0 0 0 28.902 28.902-40.582 Sector Público Centrales Hidroeléctricas -23.881-23.881 23.096 23.096-785 Centrales Termoeléctricas 0-163 0 0-1.520 0 695 695-987 Centrales Geotérmicas -43.632-43.632 4.822 4.822-38.809 Centrales Eólicas -280-280 280 280 0 Centrales Solares -9-9 9 9 0 Centrales Electricas Sector Privado 0 0-1.315-1.196 0-118 0-7.661-5.022-3.850-1 -17.850 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.265 10.265-7.585 Centrales Hidroeléctricas -7.661-7.661 5.797 5.797-1.864 Centrales Geotermicas (Miravalles III) -5.022-5.022 0 0-5.022 Centrales Biomasa -1.315-1.196-118 -1-1.316 617 617-699 Centrales Eólicas -3.850-3.850 3.850 3.850 0 Destilerias 0 630 630 630 Consumo propio 0 0 0 0 0 0 390 0 0 445 835 835 Pérdidas 0 0 4.067 4.067 4.067 0 Ajuste 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-42 -938 0 3,1 1 0 0 28 0 0 113 0-204 -4-29 -1.071-1.071 Consumo final total 14 10.171 15519 10.072 437 5010 3 25.706 3.494 45 7.465 20.420 20.610 10 49 288 8.462 43.900 290 0 4.287 251 2.838 73 35.225 147.709 173.415 Consumo final (no energ.) 0 0 1.267 1.267 1.267 10 0 251 2.838 73 3.173 4.440 Consumo final (energético) 14 10.171 14.252 10.072 437 3.742 3 24.439 3.494 45 7.465 20.420 20.610 49 288 8.462 43.900 290 0 4.287 35.225 144.536 168.975 Residencial 4.266 3 4.269 45 2.871 0 0 0 45 0 0 0 0 13.391 16.351 20.620 1. Urbano 953 953 42 2.006 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 10.443 12.506 13.459 2. Rural 3.313 3 3.316 3 865 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 2.948 3.845 7.161 Servicios 1126 1.126 755 1 1 0 0 0 268 0 4 4.886 5.916 7.042 Comercial 0 275 1 1 0 0 0 27 0 0 4.003 4.306 4.306 Público 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 62 0 175 4.446 4.687 4.687 Transporte 0 459 20.132 20.609 45 0 8.316 37.978 0 0 87.538 87.538 Terrestre 0 459 20.132 20.609 0 0 0 37.921 0 0 79.120 79.120 1. Privado 0 132 16.054 18.070 0 0 0 5.506 0 0 39.762 39.762 1.a Automóviles 0 0 11.864 10.810 0 0 0 828 0 0 23.502 23.502 1.b Jeep 0 97 2.726 4.719 0 0 0 3.725 0 0 11.268 11.268 1.c Microbus familiar 0 35 239 131 0 0 0 953 0 0 1.358 1.358 1.d Motos 0 0 1.225 2.409 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.634 3.634 2. Público 0 97 585 438 0 0 0 6.895 0 0 8.015 8.015 2.a Microbus 0 0 2 9 0 0 0 2.404 0 0 2.415 2.415 2.b Autobus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.076 0 0 4.076 4.076 2.c Taxis 0 97 584 429 0 0 0 415 0 0 1.524 1.524 3. Carga 0 229 3.492 1.666 0 0 0 23.471 0 0 28.857 28.857 3.a Liviana 0 229 3.492 1.648 0 0 0 7.921 0 0 13.290 13.290 3.b Pesada 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 15.549 0 0 15.567 15.567 4. Equipo especial 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 1.985 0 0 2.384 2.384 5. Otros 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 36 6. Ferrocarril 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 64 64 Marítimo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58 0 0 0 58 58 Aéreo 0 0 0 0 45 0 8.316 0 0 0 8.360 8.360 Industria 14 4.779 14.252 10.072 437 3.742 19.044 3.494 3.105 1 0 0 160 0 2.711 96 4.074 7.042 20.684 39.728 1. Produc.de alimentos y tabaco (CIIU 31) 0 355 12.483 10.072 437 1.973 12.838 0 1.290 1 0 0 0 0 0 1.466 69 0 2.424 0 0 0 2.348 7.597 20.435 2. Producción de textiles y cuero (CIIU 32) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 428 27 0 109 0 0 0 246 841 841 3. 0 3.850 1.513 0 0 1.513 5.364 0 86 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 0 0 22 0 0 0 135 341 5.704 Producción de madera (CIIU 33) 4. Producción de papel (CIIU 34) 0 389 0 0 0 0 389 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 0 0 344 0 0 0 442 922 1.311 5. Producción de químicos (CIIU 35) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 0 0 0 3 0 108 0 0 302 0 0 0 1.418 1.899 1.899 6. Otras industrias (CIIU 36-39) 14 184 256 0 0 256 454 3.494 1.606 0 0 0 0 157 0 501 0 0 873 0 0 0 2.453 9.084 9.538 Agropecuario 0 0 0 286 0 0 83 146 1.877 0 0 1.193 3.584 3.584 Consumo no identificado (otros) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 871 194 34 265 1.364 1.364 Simbología CM Carbón mineral CC Cascarilla de café GEO Geotermia CK Coque GS Gasolina súper JF Jet fuel FO Fuel oil EE Energía eléctrica (*) BG + CC Leña ORV Otros residus veget. EOL Energía Eólica CV Carbón NFP Nafta pesada DO Diesel EAS Emulsiones + ORV LE vegetal asfálticas ORV: Se refiere a cascarilla RV(*) Residuos PT Petróleo BIG Biogás LPG Gas licuado AVG Av gas GO Gasóleo ASF-30 Asfaltos de arroz vegetales residuos de la palma africana y BG Bagazo HE Hidroenergía SOL Energía solar GR Gasolina regular KE Kerosene IF380 Ifo 380 OH Alcohol aserrín

10 AD: Energy Balance 2016 Electricity generation: 11900 GWh 10% 2% 12% 2% 74% Hydroelectric Thermoelectric Geothermal Wind Solar Biomass

11 AD: Energy Balance 3% 1% 11% 14% 4% Residential 3% 3% Services Comercial Public Transport Industry Agro Not identified 61%

12 Biofuels use Use of Ethanol: Recope s Pilot Project from 2006 to 2010 EtOH mixed in gasoline 1.3%-4.5% North Pacific Area Considered in the NGHG inventory (23 100 t CO 2 ) Recope is planning a new pilot using 10%

13 Biofuels use Biodiesel: Production: 3.100.000 L per month from palm oil, soy, used oil from restaurants and houses. Use: Buses, heavy transport, private cars 2 Biodiesel stations Limited by legislation: Biodiesel s price has to be regulated by a public autority, and this work is in progress.

14 CO 2 EF and properties of fuels Periodically published online Fuel Carbon Content CV EF Default EF %(m/m) (MJ/kg) (kg CO 2 /TJ) (kg CO 2 /TJ) Diesel 86.50% 45.57 69599.88 6.1% 74100 Gasoline (Super) 86.27% 45.50 69521.61 0.3% 69300 Gasoline Regular 85.38% 45.50 68804.40 0.7% 69300 LPG 82.00% 48.00 62638.89 0.7% 63100 Obtained for a batch on 2015

15 Improvement plan Short term (2018): Calorific value Carbon content Emission Factor 4 IPCC EFDB National EF Sample of Fuel Sample of Fuel 1 2 Calorific value Carbon content 3 Laboratory Long term: Vehicular fleet updated and average annual distance traveled Tier 2

16 Electricity consumption EF Part of the C-neutral programm Developed by the ICE Published by the IMN (cglobal.imn.ac.cr) Includes: fugitives emissions, CH 4 from water reservoir of Hydro power plants and emissions from FF used in thermoelectric plants.

Kendal Blanco Salas Chemical Engineer National Meteorological Institute-Costa Rica kblanco@imn.ac.cr 17