MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)

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Transcripción:

MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) What is MRSA? Staphylococcus aureus, also called staph, is a type of germ known as bacteria. Many healthy people have this germ on their skin and in their nose. Staph germs most often cause an infection on the skin as lesions, pimples or boils. The infection can get into a surgical site, in the blood or cause pneumonia. If the infection gets worse, the signs may be tiredness, nausea or vomiting, shortness of breath, chest pain or skipped heart beats. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, is a type of staph infection that is hard to treat because it cannot be killed by many common antibiotics. MRSA can infect any part of the body. MRSA is becoming a very common infection. How is MRSA spread? Anyone can get a staph infection, but people are at higher risk for MRSA if they have: Skin-to-skin contact with someone who has a staph infection. Contact with items and surfaces that have the staph germ on them. This could be sports equipment, tattoo needles or other equipment. Cuts or scrapes on their skin. Crowded living conditions, such as schools, nursing homes, military bases or prisons. A lot of physical contact such as sports teams. Poor hygiene.

Staphylococcus Aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) Qué es el SARM? El Staphylococcus Aureus (también llamado estafilococo) es un tipo de microbio conocido como bacteria. Muchas personas saludables portan este microbio en la piel y en la nariz. Los microbios del estafilococo a menudo provocan una infección en la piel como lesiones, granos o forúnculos. La infección se puede introducir en el lugar donde se realizó una cirugía, en la sangre o puede causar neumonía. Si la infección empeora, los síntomas pueden ser cansancio, náuseas o vómitos, dificultad para respirar, dolor en el pecho o latidos cardíacos irregulares. El Staphylococcus Aureus resistente a la meticilina o SARM, es un tipo de infección que es difícil de tratar debido a que muchos antibióticos comunes no pueden eliminarla. El SARM puede infectar cualquier parte del cuerpo. El SARM se está convirtiendo en una infección muy común. Cómo se propaga el SARM? Cualquiera puede tener una infección por estafilococo, pero las personas tienen un riesgo mayor de contraer SARM si tienen: contacto piel con piel con alguien que tiene una infección por estafilococo; contacto con artículos y superficies que portan el microbio del estafilococo, que pueden ser equipos deportivos, agujas para tatuajes u otro equipo; cortes o raspones en la piel; permanencia en lugares muy concurridos, como escuelas, hogares de ancianos, bases militares o prisiones: mucho contacto físico como deportes en equipo; mala higiene. MRSA. Spanish.

Testing for MRSA See a doctor if you or your child has a skin wound that is not healing or if there are signs of an infection, such as fever, pain, redness, warmth, swelling or drainage from skin wounds. The doctor may collect a sample of drainage or tissue from the area and send it to a lab to test for MRSA. A blood sample may also be taken to check for MRSA in the blood. The lab test can also tell which antibiotic will be best to treat MRSA. Babies or children placed in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are often tested for MRSA. How is MRSA treated? Most staph infections, including MRSA, can be treated with certain antibiotics. If your doctor prescribes an antibiotic, it is very important to take all the medicine as ordered, even if the infection is getting better. If an ointment is prescribed, apply it to all skin lesions, even the tiny ones. If there is a skin infection, your doctor may make an incision to drain the infection. If so, you may have a home health nurse or need to learn to do dressing changes on the wound. Be sure to follow your doctor s instructions. Sometimes your doctor may order special antibacterial ointment to be placed in the nose or a special soap for bathing. Do not take part in contact sports until the infection has healed. Call your doctor if your infection does not get better with treatment. How do I prevent the spread of MRSA? To prevent the spread of MRSA and other bacteria: Wash your hands with soap and water often, especially after touching a skin lesion. Keep any cuts or lesions clean. Keep them covered with clean, dry bandages until healed. Do not touch other people s cuts or bandages. 2

Examen de detección del SARM Consulte a su médico si usted o su hijo tiene una herida en la piel que no sana o si hay síntomas de una infección, tales como fiebre, dolor, enrojecimiento, calor, hinchazón o secreción de las heridas de la piel. El médico puede tomar una muestra de la secreción o del tejido del área y enviarla al laboratorio para realizar el examen de detección del SARM. También se puede tomar una muestra de sangre para determinar si el SARM está en la sangre. El examen de laboratorio también puede indicar qué antibiótico será mejor para tratar el SARM. Los bebés o niños que se encuentran en las unidades de cuidado Intensivo también se someten a exámenes de detección del SARM. Cómo se trata el SARM? Muchas infecciones por estafilococo, incluido el SARM, se pueden tratar con algunos antibióticos. Si su médico le receta un antibiótico, es muy importante tomar todo el medicamento como le indicó, incluso si la infección está mejorando. Si le recetan un ungüento, aplíquelo a todas las lesiones de la piel, incluso las pequeñas. Si hay una infección en la piel, su médico puede hacerle una incisión para drenar la infección. Si es así, puede solicitar la ayuda de una enfermera de atención de la salud en el hogar o aprender a hacer los cambios de vendaje de la herida. Siga las instrucciones de su médico. Algunas veces, su médico puede ordenar el uso de ungüentos antibacterianos especiales para la nariz o un jabón especial para bañarse. No participe en deportes de contacto hasta que la infección se haya sanado. Llame a su médico si la infección no mejora con el tratamiento. Cómo puedo evitar la propagación del SARM? Para evitar la propagación del SARM y otras bacterias: Lávese las manos frecuentemente con jabón y agua, especialmente después de tocar una lesión de la piel. Mantenga limpio cualquier corte o lesión. Manténgalos cubiertos con vendajes limpios y secos hasta que cicatricen. No toque los cortes o vendajes de otras personas. MRSA. Spanish. 2

Do not share personal items like towels, razors, clothing or equipment. Clean surfaces where bare skin rubs such as exercise equipment, wrestling mats and surfaces in the home. Take a shower with soap after working out or playing sports. When should I call a doctor? Call a doctor if: You or your child s condition becomes worse the infected area has increased swelling, pain or redness. You or your child develops a fever, has trouble breathing or has other signs of illness such as vomiting, diarrhea or always sleeping. Another family member develops new skin lesions. Your child will not take the medicine prescribed. Talk to your doctor or nurse if you have any questions or concerns. 2008 1/2013 Health Information Translations Unless otherwise stated, user may print or download information from www.healthinfotranslations.org for personal, non-commercial use only. The medical information found on this website should not be used in place of a consultation with your doctor or other health care provider. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care provider before you start or stop any treatment or with any questions you may have about a medical condition. The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Mount Carmel Health System, OhioHealth and Nationwide Children s Hospital are not responsible for injuries or damages you may incur as a result of your stopping medical treatment or your failure to obtain medical treatment. 3

No comparta artículos personales como toallas, navajas, ropa o equipos. Limpie las superficies donde se frota la piel descubierta como equipos de ejercicios, colchones de lucha libre y superficies en el hogar. Dúchese con jabón después de hacer ejercicios o hacer deportes. Cuándo debo llamar a un médico? Llame a un médico si: Su estado o el de su hijo empeora (si aumentó la hinchazón, el dolor o el enrojecimiento del área infectada). Usted o su hijo desarrollan fiebre, tienen dificultad para respirar o tienen otros síntomas de enfermedad como vómitos, diarrea o si siempre tienen sueño. Otro integrante de la familia desarrolla nuevas lesiones en la piel. Su hijo no se toma los medicamentos recetados. Hable con su médico o enfermera si tiene alguna pregunta o duda. 2008 1/2013 Health Information Translations Unless otherwise stated, user may print or download information from www.healthinfotranslations.org for personal, non-commercial use only. The medical information found on this website should not be used in place of a consultation with your doctor or other health care provider. You should always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care provider before you start or stop any treatment or with any questions you may have about a medical condition. The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Mount Carmel Health System, OhioHealth and Nationwide Children s Hospital are not responsible for injuries or damages you may incur as a result of your stopping medical treatment or your failure to obtain medical treatment. MRSA. Spanish. 3