Status of CTA Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Septiembre 2013 Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE, on behalf of CTA-SPAIN
CTA: Cherenkov Telescope Array Multimedia Service, IAC. 2012 Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 2 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA: Cherenkov Telescope Array The future of VHE Gamma Ray Astronomy 10 times better sensitivity 10 times larger energy range Improved angular resolution Two Sites (N/S) 120 telescopes 200 MEuros Multimedia Service, IAC. 2012 Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 3 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Contents Physics Sources, requirements, Impact. Observatory Technique, layout, telescopes, cameras, observatory. Status of the project Management, resources, sites, schedule, consortium, CTA-ES. Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
What s VHE gamma-ray astronomy?? Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 5 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
The VHE gamma-ray sky has open-up First VHE -ray source The Crab Nebula 1989, Whipple Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 6 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
The VHE gamma-ray sky has open-up First VHE -ray source The Crab Nebula 1989, Whipple Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 7 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
The VHE gamma-ray sky has open-up First VHE -ray source The Crab Nebula 1989, Whipple Over 350 publications in prestigious journals 13 publications in Science and Nature Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 8 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA wish list E. F(>E) [TeV/cm 2 s] 1 0-1 1 Fermi Crab 1 0-1 2 MAGIC-I 10% Crab 1 0-1 3 High-z AGNs, pulsars, Dark Matter 1 0-1 4 H.E.S.S. 10 100 1000 10 4 10 5 Population studies, extended sources, precision measurements 1% Crab Cutoff regime of cosmic accelerators E (GeV) Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 9 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013 CTA
CTA science requirements Transient phenomena: Flaring PWN and AGNs, GRBs Surveys: Full-sky coverage Galactic Plane, All-Sky Observatory operation Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 10 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA science requirements Transient phenomena: Flaring PWN and AGNs, GRBs Surveys: Full-sky coverage Galactic Plane, All-Sky Observatory operation Cosmic particle acceleration: Galactic & extragalactic objects Extreme environments: Black Holes & Neutron Stars Relativistic jets, winds, Physics frontiers: Dark matter, Science Requierements for CTA, D. Torres et al. 2013 Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 11 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Contents Physics Sources, requirements, Impact. Observatory Technique, layout, telescopes, cameras, observatory. Status of the project Management, resources, sites, schedule, consortium. Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Cherenkov telescopes technique Operation principle Effective area ~10 4 m 2 Background rejection EAS γ ~ 1 o ~10 km ~ 120 m Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 13 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Cherenkov telescopes technique Stereoscopic observation Effective area ~10 4 m 2 Background rejection++ Enhanced reconstruction EAS γ ~ 1 o ~10 km Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 14 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Low-energy section: (E < 200 GeV) 4 x 23 m tel. (LST) - Parabolic reflector - 100x100 m 2 area CTA Layout Core-energy array: (100 GeV < E < 10 TeV) 25 x 12 m tel. (MST) - Davies-Cotton reflector - (+ Schwarz.-Couder) - 1x1 km 2 area (one) possible configuration High-energy section: (E > 5 TeV) 70 x 4 m tel. (SST) - Schwarzschild-Couder - 3x3 km 2 area Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 15 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Contents Telescopes & cameras Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Large-Sized Telescopes 23 m telescope: E < 200 GeV 27.8 m focal length Parabolic reflector 4.5 o FOV 0.1 o pixels 400 m 2 dish area 1.5 m spherical mirror facets CTA-ES On (GRB) target in < 20 sec. Carbon-fibre structure Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 17 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Medium-Sized Telescopes 12 m telescope: 100 GeV < E < 10 TeV 16 m focal length Davies-Cotton refl. 7-8 o FOV 0.18 o pixels 100 m 2 dish area 1.2 m mirror facets MST Prototype 2012: - Full structure - Dummy mirrors and camera Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 18 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Medium-Sized Telescopes 12 m telescope: 100 GeV < E < 10 TeV 16 m focal length Davies-Cotton refl. 7-8 o FOV 0.18 o pixels Schwarzchild-Couder MST (US): - CTA South expansion: +36 SC-MST - 10 m primary - 8-9º FOV 100 m 2 dish area 1.2 m mirror facets MST Prototype 2012: - Full structure - Dummy mirrors and camera Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 19 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Small-Sized Telescopes 4 m SC telescope: 5 TeV < E < 300 TeV ASTRI Monolithic aspherical secondary mirror Baseline camera (SST & SC-MST): - Silicon PMs - 10º FOV Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 20 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Focal plane instrumentation: LST + MST Cameras Entrance window & light concentrators ors Photosensors: PMTs (or Si-PMs) Mechanics & cooling: Modular design (clusters) Cooling: Air flow + cold plate + heat exchanger Readout & Trigger: Cluster-based readout Fast analog memories (1 GS/s) Separate Analog Trigger path Slow Control Low Voltage Camera mechanics CTA-ES Camera trigger Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 21 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Contents Observatory Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Atmosphere & telescope calibration Camera calibration: Flat-fielding, Single phe, etc. System of fast/powerful Lasers Atmospheric monitoring: Extinction for aerosols/molecules Elastic/Raman Lidar Telescope calibration: Telescope optical characterization Central Laser Facility CLF Raman Lidar Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 23 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Array control and operation Array operation: Obs. proposals Scheduling Data management: Reduction Dissemination Telescope control: Data transfer, drive, etc Alma Common Software CTA-ES Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 24 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA-ES contributions Recent CTA-ES conference contributions (ICRC+RIA-AM 2013)! A preamplifier ASIC for CTA camera, A Sanuy et al. *! An Analog Trigger System for CTA, M. Barcelo et al. * Development of the PMT Readout System for the CTA LST, H. Kubo et al. The NectarCAM camera project, J.F. Glicenstein et al. Mechanics and cooling for the camera of the CTA LST, C. Delgado et al. The Cherenkov Telescope Array Large Size Telescope, O. Blanch et al.! Artificial Intelligence for the CTA Observatory Scheduler, J. Colomé et al. Progress in MC design and optimization of CTA, K. Bernlöht et al. The IFAE/UAB & LUPM Raman LIDARs for CTA Observatory, A. López et al. A central Laser Facility for CTA, M. Gaug et al. Towards a full Atmospheric Calibration system for CTA, M. Doro et al. Night Sky Background Analysis for CTA using the Atmoscope, M. Gaug et al. Impact of E-ELT laser light on CTA cameras, M. Gaug et al. Characterization of the candidate site for CTA at O. Teide, I. Puerto et al. Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 25 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Contents Physics Sources, requirements, Impact. Observatory Technique, layout, telescopes, cameras, observatory. Status of the project Consortium, schedule, resources, sites. Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Unifying European Efforts Worldwide Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 27 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA Timeline CDR Possible 6 12 month delay in the schedule Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 28 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA reviewed at many levels CTA listed as priority in international roadmaps of: ASTRONET 2010 (European Astrophysics Coordination) ASPERA 2008/2011 (European Astroparticles Coordination) " ApPEC Targeted DS Common Call " Up to 2.7M ESFRI 2008 (European Strategic Forum for Research Infrastructures) " EU FP7 Preparatory Phase approved " Up to 5.2M Astroparticle WG of GSF (OECD 2011) " CTA worldwide project USA " A&A Decadal Survey 2010 German funding agencies 2013 roadmap " 50M allocated At the Spanish level: Project included in the MICINN roadmap as High Priority RIA (Red de Infraestructuras de Astronomia) CTA group Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 29 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA-North at Spain CTA-North features Scientific aim: extragalactic physics, pulsars and dark matter Low threshold: ~4 LST, ~15 MST " area ~1x1 km 2 Lower cost (~70 M ) than CTA-South Proposed sites: North Arizona (US), San Pedro Mártir (México) CTA-North at Spain Positive experience with HEGRA and MAGIC Great benefits for Spanish scientific community and industry Proposed site: Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 30 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA-North at Spain Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 31 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA-North at Spain Teide CTA Site Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 32 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA-North at Spain CTA-North features Scientific aim: extragalactic physics, pulsars and dark matter Low threshold: ~4 LST, ~15 MST " area ~1x1 km 2 Lower cost (~70 M ) than CTA-South Probable proposed sites: North Arizona (US), San Pedro Martir (México) CTA-North at Spain Positive experience with HEGRA and MAGIC Great benefits for Spanish scientific community and industry Proposed site: Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife CTA-ES community 70 members from IAC, CIEMAT, IAC, ICE-CSIC, IFAE, UAB, UB, UCM, UJ Involvement in CTA Management: Co-spokesman (M. Martinez), Phys. Coord. (D. Torres), LST PM, LST-CAM Coord., Data Model Coord. Involvement in CTA Physics: J.M. Paredes, D. Torres, All PIs in Varsaw CTA Consortium meeting for SITE Selection Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 33 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Conclusions VHE gamma-ray astronomy as a mature branch of astronomy. CTA improved sensitivity and energy coverage, based on proven technologies. CTA as an open all-sky observatory, providing legacy datasets. Immersed in Preparatory Phase within FP7 " Prototyping. If CDR passed (mid 2014), construction will start in 2015-2016. Proposal for CTA-North in Spain: Obs. Teide (Tenerife) Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 34 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Conclusions CTA-North artist view, not to scale Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 35 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
Backup Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 36 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
VHE gamma-ray Astronomy Highlights Over 350 publications in prestigious journals: Microquasars: Science 309, 746 (2005), Science 312, 1771 (2006) Pulsars: Science 322, 1221 (2008), Science 34, 69 (2011) Supernova remnants: Nature 432, 75 (2004) The Galactic Centre: Nature 439, 695 (2006) Galactic Survey: Science 307, 1839 (2005) Starbursts: Nature 462, 770 (2009), Science 326,1080 (2009) AGN: Science 314,1424 (2006), Science 325, 444 (2009) EBL: Nature 440, 1018 (2006), Science 320, 752 (2008) Dark Matter: Phys Rev Letters 96, 221102 (2006) Lorentz Invariance: Phys Rev Letters 101, 170402 (2008) Cosmic Ray Electrons: Phys Rev Letters (2009) Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 37 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013
CTA in numbers CTA Consortium: ~1130 researchers (348 FTE) from about 80 Parties 27 countries (16 European), incl. USA, Brazil, Japan CTA Observatory sites: O(200 MEuros) altogether One in the South " Argentina, Chile, Namibia Another in the North " Spain, Mexico, USA CTA Telescopes: O(120) altogether South Observatory: O(4) LST, O(25) MST, O(70) SST in ~3x3 km 2 North Observatory: O(4) LST, O(15) MST in ~1x1 km 2 CTA dates: Conceptual DR: May 2010 / Critical DR: Spring 2014 Construction start: 2015 First data: 2017 Full array: 2019 Expanded mid-energy array driven by US Juan Abel Barrio, UCM-GAE 38 Encuentro RIA-Astromadrid, Sept. 2013