La generación eléctrica con gas natural a gran escala: Las Centrales de Ciclo Combinado

Transcripción

1 La generación eléctrica con gas natural a gran escala: Las Centrales de Ciclo Combinado Daniel Fúster Director División Fossil, Wind, Oil&Gas y Solar&Hydro Siemens España Mayo 2012

2 Situación actual del Sector de Generación Evolución tecnológica de las Turbinas de Gas Siemens Diseño constructivo y prestaciones de la SGT5-8000H La SGT-8000H ya es una realidad: Irsching

3 A nivel mundial, el mercado solicita mayor capacidad, eficiencia y flexibilidad Factores del mercado mundial de Generación Crecimiento de la población mundial Crecimiento económico medio global (Asia-Latam) Incremento de demanda energética per-cápita global Precios de la energía y la electricidad Cambios estructurales de la industria Incremento global de potencia instalada y mejora eficiencia Impacto Ambiental Competitividad Tendencia Globales del Sector Liberalización Globalización Privatización Nuevos requisitos del mercado Fiabilidad de Suministro

4 El incremento de la población mundial y de la electrificación conlleva incrementos de demanda 10 [bn] 8 % Población Rural Población Urbana Nivel de electrificación 6.8 bn 7.5 bn 80% 8 bn 82% Lagos Metro Manila Moscow Cairo Beijing Mega-urbes Población (millones) in 2003 in bn 64% 44% 90% 6.1 bn 73% 57% 91% 77% 62% 92% 64% 92% 65% 94% Karachi Rio de Janeiro Osaka-Kobe Dhaka Los Angeles Jakarta Shanghai Buenos Aires Calcutta Delhi Bombay Sao Paulo New York Mexico City Tokyo

5 El diseño y desarrollo de las nuevas turbinas de gas está determinado por requisitos de mercado Rendimientos en Ciclo Combinado superiores a 60% Arranques rápidos y flexibilidad operacional Reducción de costes en operación y mantenimiento Reducción de inversión por kw instalado Alta disponibilidad y fiabilidad Bajas emisiones Alta eficiencia y buenas prestaciones a cargas parciales

7 Ciclos Combinados Siemens: Desarrollo de eficiencia SGT5-2000E (V94.2) SGT5-4000F (V94.3A) SGT5-4000F (V94.3A) SGT5-8000H > 52% CC efficiency > 56% CC efficiency > 58% CC efficiency > 60% CC efficiency CCPP Killingholme, 2 x 450 MW CCPP Didcot B 1, 2, 710 MW MW CCPP Mainz- Wiesbaden, > 400 MW CCPP Irsching 4, > 530 MW

8 Turbinas de Gas Siemens Portfolio de productos para 50 Hz y 60 Hz SGT5-8000H 375 SGT5-4000F 292 SGT6-5000F SGT6-4000F SGT5-2000E SGT6-2000E SGT Output in ISO conditions Large-scale gas turbines Industrial gas turbines SGT-700 SGT-600 SGT-500 SGT-400 SGT-300 SGT-200 SGT Nuestros diseños y fábricas se adaptan a las necesidades de nuestros clientes

9 Gas Turbine Design SGT5-2000E, SGT6-2000E Proven Design Features 16 / 17 stage compressor (one row adjustable inlet guide vane, fast acting for grid frequency stabilization) Two large external silo-type combustors. 2x8/2x6 hybrid burners for 50/60 Hz Welded design for hot gas casings 4 stage turbine Built disc-type rotor with radial Hirthserrations and one central tie rod. Two bearings only Cold end drive Axial exhaust for ease of GUD-CC

10 Gas Turbine SGT-2000E with Various Fuels Installations Worldwide Average availability for SGT6-2000E (last 2 years GT + GEN) : 97,03% Average reliability for SGT6-2000E (last 2 years, GT + GEN): 99,56% AVAILABILITY AND RELIABILITY IS ON WORLD CLASS LEVEL

11 Gas Turbine Design SGT5-4000F (1) Casing Horizontally-split (2) Supports Fixed at compressor end, Flexible at turbine end (3) Rotor Disk-Type, 1 Central Tie Bolt, Bearings: 1 combined axial and radial, 1 radial (4) Combustion Annular walk-in chamber, Individually replaceable heat shields Hybrid burners, Dry low-nox technology, Operation with gaseous and liquid fuels (5) Compressor Multi-stage, Axial-flow, Variable-pitch inlet guide vanes (6) Turbine Four-stage, Thermal barrier blade coatings, Air cooling of blades (7) Exhaust Axial (8) Generator Coupling At cold end

12 Gas Turbine SGT-2000E with Various Fuels Installations Worldwide Reliability* = 99.6%; Availability* = 95.8% Experience based on 60% of the installed units

13 Gas Turbine Design SGT6-5000F Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Fuel Natural Gas, Distillate Power output 228 MW Efficiency 38.3 % Weight 210 t Length 9,96 m Height 4,55 m Diameter 3,96 m CCPP SCC6-5000F (2x1) Power output 675 MW Net efficiency 57.6 %

14 SGT6-5000F Fleet Operating Experience 205 units in operation with over 5 million hours operating experience - 55 Simple Cycle units Combined Cycle units - >126,000 hours on lead unit

15 Diagrama de un Ciclo Combinado 3P con Recalentado 1S Stack gas LP Gas Oil IP GT G ~ HP IP LP HP Air Heat-recovery steam generator Exhaust gas

16 Diagrama de Sankey y Ciclos Brayton-Rankine

17 Dimensiones aproximadas de un Ciclo Combinado

18 Cronograma Típico de un Ciclo Combinado Meses de actividad Notice to Proceed NTP - HRSG Ready for Hot Start - Turbina de Vapor Suministro y Transporte Montaje Puesta en Marcha en Frío - Condensador Suministro y Transporte Montaje - Generador Suministro y Transporte Montaje - Turbina de Gas - Air Intake Suministro y Transporte Suministro y Transporte Montaje Puesta en Marcha en Frío Montaje Ignición y Sincronización - Difusor Suministro y Transporte Montaje - CCM s Suministro y Transporte Montaje - SEE y SFC Suministro y Transporte Montaje - Puesta en Marcha Hot Commissioning

20 SGT-8000H Prestaciones Siemens Gas Turbine* 50 Hz 60 Hz Gross power output [MW] Gross efficiency [%] Pressure ratio Exhaust temperature [ C/ F] Exhaust mass flow [kg/s] Exhaust mass flow [lb/s] SGT5-8000H /1, ,808 SGT6-8000H /1, ,330 Gas Turbine Emissions NO x [ppm] CO [ppm] SGT5-8000H SGT6-8000H Gas Turbine Physical Dimensions Weight [t] Length [m] Height [m] Width [m] * ISO ambient conditions SGT5-8000H SGT6-8000H

21 SGT5-8000H Diseño constructivo y mejoras tecnológicas High cycling capability due to advanced blade cooling system Advanced Ultra Low NO x (ULN) combustion system Evolutionary 3Dcompressor blading Four stage turbine with advanced materials and thermal barrier coating > 60% Combined Cycle efficiency Proven rotor design, free radial thermal expansion and central tie rod Integrated combined cycle process for economy and low emissions

22 Las cámaras de combustión Can componen nuestro ADN (Westinghouse) y se integran en el producto Siemens Contamos con quemadores Híbridos de bajas emisiones (Gas de Pre-Mezcla)

23 Diseño mejorado de álabes en la primera etapa de turbina: Mejora de eficiencia Nuevo diseño del contorno del álabe Innovación respecto al recubrimiento del álabe Refrigeración por aire

24 SCC-8000H Prestaciones en ciclo combinado Siemens Combined Cycle Power Plant 50 Hz 60 Hz Single-shaft Net power output [MW] Net efficiency [%] Net heat rate [kj/kwh] Net heat rate [Btu/kWh] Start-up time [minutes hot start expected] SCC5-8000H 570 > 60 6,000 5,687 ~ 40 SCC6-8000H 410 > 60 6,000 5,687 ~ 40 Steam parameter HRSG/WS-cycle 50 Hz 60 Hz Three-pressure reheat HP [bar/ C] IP [bar/ C] LP [bar/ C] SCC5-8000H 170/600 35/600 5/300 SCC6-8000H 170/600 35/600 5/300

25 Innovación en el diseño del ciclo SST (600 C) Condenser HRSG/Benson, 3P/ RH 600 C/170 bar SSS Clutch SGen5-3000W Lube oil system SGT5-8000H

26 Arranques rápidos y óptimas prestaciones a carga nominal Benson once through in HP section High-capacity attemperators Fast ST start-up mode, patented ST stress controller Steam Turbine BENSON TM Heat Recovery Steam Generator Gas Turbine Generator CPP HRSG stand-by heating Maximum GT load ramp Implementation of condensate polishing plant

28 Plan de desarrollo de un nuevo producto: SGT8000H Product Development Process Strategic Product Planning Design Sales Preparation Design Implementation Validation Product Strategy Product & Development Planning, Tech. Acquisition Conceptual Design Basic Design Commercialization Planning Final Design & Procurement Manufacturing Erection, & Install., Com- Assembly missioning & Trial Operation Product Monitoring & Validation Parts testing Casting blades and vanes Materials, coatings Manufacturing trials, etc. Stress, strain vertification Prototype GT field testing Component testing Combustion system rig test Cover plate rig test Mock up Prototype CC field operation System testing Compressor test and Combustion system test at test bed Berlin

29 Irsching es ya una realidad: PAC a finales de st Engine ex Works Berlin 1st Synchronizati on to grid End of Test and Validation Phase Extension to combined cycle Start of commercial operation 1st Fire 1st Base Load April December March April August

30 Disclaimer This document contains forward-looking statements and information that is,statements related to future, not past, events. These statements may be identified either orally or in writing by words as expects, anticipates, intends, plans, believes, seeks, estimates, will or words of similar meaning. Such statements are based on our current expectations and certain assumptions, and are, therefore, subject to certain risks and uncertainties. A variety of factors, many of which are beyond Siemens control, affect its operations, performance, business strategy and results and could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Siemens worldwide to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. For us, particular uncertainties arise, among others, from changes in general economic and business conditions, changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates, introduction of competing products or technologies by other companies, lack of acceptance of new products or services by customers targeted by Siemens worldwide, changes in business strategy and various other factors. More detailed information about certain of these factors is contained in Siemens filings with the SEC, which are available on the Siemens website, and on the SEC s website, Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in the relevant forward-looking statement as anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, planned or projected. Siemens does not intend or assume any obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements in light of developments which differ from those anticipated. Trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of Siemens AG, it's affiliates or their respective owners.