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nidades IMACON Abril-1990/Agosto-2006 IMACON 150,00 140,00 130,00 120,00 110,00 100,00 90,00 80,00 70,00 60,00 Ago-87 May-90 Ene-93 Oct-95 Jul-98 Abr-01 Ene-04 Oct-06 Jul-09 Mes-Año )1#,$**1&5/)#*$',E,#/##*)/(1&'+5$$,.1%0*&51,1#,$/#(+75*6,#**) 25)&( ( *6253* #* )/ /$',E,#/# 6*1&5/) #*) &*$'(+ #* )/ $(1&'+5$$,.1> &'*,1#,$/#(+ $(1&','5D* 51 +*&56*1 #* )(& $,$)(& #* $,1$( $(62(1*1'*& %( &5-41#,$*&0 #*) &*$'(+ 2*+6,&(&#**#,?,$/$,.1;?/$'5+/$,.1#*$(1'+/',&'/&8*1*+/)*&;#*&2/$=(&#*6/'*+,/)*&#* $(1&'+5$$,.1;1,E*)*&#*E*1'/&#*2+(E**#(+*&;#*)/$(1&'+5$$,.1D1,E*)#*)*62)*( 3 Camara Chilena de la Construcción [en línea]; <http://www.cchc.cl/opensite_20040325125945.asp> [consulta: 10 de Octubre de 2006] @H

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entas de Edificaciones Enero-04/Julio-06 Edificación en Altura Edificación en Extensión 3.000 2.500 Unidades 2.000 1.500 1.000 500 0 Jun-03 Ene-04 Ago-04 Feb-05 Sep-05 Mar-06 Oct-06 Mes-Año & $)/+( 75* )/ *#,?,$/$,.1 =/-,'/$,(1/) *& 51 C+*/ *1 $+*$,6,*1'(; &,1 *6-/+8( $/-* $5*&',(1/+&*&,)/$/),#/##*)/&E,E,*1#/&$(1&'+54#/&*&)//#*$5/#/> 4 Aguilera Gutiérrez, Carlos Nolasco; Febrero 2007; consulta vía correo electrónico. 5 Cámara Chilena de la Construcción [en línea]; <http://www.cchc.cl/opensite_20040729122448.asp> [consulta: 10 de Octubre de 2006] @A

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guilera Gutiérrez, Carlos Nolasco; 2006; Inspección Técnica de Obras. Presentación Curso ITO del Colegio de Ingenieros de Chile (Facilitada por el Sr. Enrique Chirwin).

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anual de Calidad para las Inspecciones; Sistema de Gestión IDIEM. @

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ánez Uribe, Fernando; Diciembre 2006; Discurso del Director de IDIEM, Salón Azul. 9 IDIEM [en línea]; <http://www.idiem.cl/web/menu/organigrama.htm> [consulta: 20 de Noviembre de 2006]

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

()%* #B/$+*#,'/$,.1D*)1&','5'(/$,(1/)#*(+6/),:/$,.1 ()%* #I/$+*#,'/$,.1D*)1&','5'(/$,(1/)#* (+6/),:/$,.1 3+354"!&%5&6$ //$+*#,'/$,.1*&*)2+($*&(2(+*)$5/)51//5'(+,#/#'9$1,$/+*$(1($*?(+6/)6*1'*;75* 51/(+8/1,:/$,.1$562)*+*75,&,'(&*&2*$4?,$(&D*&$(62*'*1'*2/+/*?*$'5/+/$',E,#/#*& *&2*$4?,$/&#**E/)5/$,.1#*)/$(1?(+6,#/# @ > *#*?,1*1$(6(/$',E,#/#*&#**E/)5/$,.1#*)/$(1?(+6,#/# 1&/D(&> *+',?,$/$,(1*&> 1&2*$$,(1*&> 5*&'+*(&> 5#,'(+4/&> /),-+/$,(1*&> *+,?,$/$,(1*&> / /$+*#,'/$,.1 8/+/1',:/ 75* )(& #,&',1'(& (+8/1,&6(& #* *E/)5/$,.1 #* )/ $(1?(+6,#/# #*&*62*L*1 &5 '/+*/ #* 6/1*+/ &,6,)/+ D -/3( *&'C1#/+*& *75,E/)*1'*&; 8*1*+/1#( $(1?,/1:/D2(&,-,),'/1#()//$*2'/$,.165'5/#*+*&5)'/#(&> 3354"!&%5&6$<"4%&9&55&6$ //$+*#,'/$,.11(#*-*&*+$(1?51#,#/$(1)/$*+',?,$/$,.1>*+',?,$/$,.1*&*)+*$(1($,6,*1'( *&$+,'(75*#/51'*+$*+(#*75*512+($*&(;2*+&(1/;&,&'*6/#*8*&',.1(&*+E,$,($562)* $(1+*75,&,'(&*&2*$,?,$/#(&> M,&'*51/#,?*+*1$,/?51#/6*1'/)*1'+*/6-(&2+($*&(&*1)/ 2/+',$,2/$,.1#*51//5'(+,#/#'9$1,$/D*1*)+*$(1($,6,*1'(#*)/$(62*'*1$,/,1E()5$+/#( *1)//$+*#,'/$,.1>1(+8/1,&6(/$+*#,'/#(',*1*)/?/$5)'/##*$*+',?,$/+> 10 Instituto Nacional de Normalización, INN [en línea]; < http://www3.inn.cl/faq/portada/index.php?sec=2> [consulta: 4 Julio 2006] J

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nstituto Nacional de Normalización, INN [en línea]; <http://www3.inn.cl/acreditacion/sistema/portada/index.php> [consulta: 4 Julio 2006] K

()%* #B/$+*#,'/$,.1D*)1&','5'(/$,(1/)#*(+6/),:/$,.1 33 &8&'&6$!"54"!&%5&6$ ) +*85)/ )(& /&2*$'(&,1E()5$+/#(& $(1 )/ /$+*#,'/$,.1 / '+/E9& #* )/,E,&,.1 #* $+*#,'/$,.1>/&?51$,(1*&2+,1$,2/)*&#*)/,E,&,.1#*$+*#,'/$,.1$(++*&2(1#*1/ 2*+/+ )(& 2+($*&(& #* /$+*#,'/$,.1; &*8<1 )(& +*8)/6*1'(& D 2+($*#,6,*1'(& *&'/-)*$,#(&> 52*+E,&/+/)(&(+8/1,&6(&/$+*#,'/#(&> ((+#,1/+&* $(1 (+8/1,&6(& 85-*+1/6*1'/)*& 2/+/ )/ /$+*#,'/$,.1 *1 *) C+*/ +*8)/6*1'/+,/>,?51#,+*),&'*6//$,(1/)#*$+*#,'/$,.1D2+(6(E*+&55&(> $'5/),:/+*)#,+*$'(+,(#*(+8/1,&6(&#**E/)5/$,.1#*)/$(1?(+6,#/#/$+*#,'/#(&> 2(D/+/)/*#/$,(1/)#**'+()(84/;/$+*#,'/1#(/)(&)/-(+/'(+,(&$5&'(#,(&#* 2/'+(1*& 1/$,(1/)*&; /&4 $(6( / )(& )/-(+/'(+,(& #* $/),-+/$,.1; 2/+/ 75* 25*#/1 #*6(&'+/+75**&'C1*1$(1#,$,(1*&#*('(+8/+'+/:/-,),#/#> 3-34)>"$"'!" &'%":5&#$!"54"!&%5&6$ ),&'*6//$,(1/)#*$+*#,'/$,.1&*,1,$,.*1@AAJ;-/&C1#(&**1$+,'*+,(&D2+,1$,2,(&,1'*+1/$,(1/)*&; +*)/',E(& / )/& *M,8*1$,/& #*?,1,#/& 2/+/ /&*85+/+ )/ $(1?(+6,#/#; )/ '+/1&2/+*1$,/;)/,62/+$,/),#/#;)/2/+',$,2/$,.1#*)/&2/+'*&,1'*+*&/#/&;)/,#(1*,#/##*)/& 2*+&(1/&D)/1(#,&$+,6,1/$,.1> ),&'*6//$,(1/)#*$+*#,'/$,.1*&'C$(625*&'(2(+ (1&*3(#*)> (6,'9(1&5)',E(#*$+*#,'/$,.1>,+*$'(+ 3*$5',E(#*)> (6,'9#*$+*#,'/$,.1>,E,&,.1#*$+*#,'/$,.1#*)> (6,'9&9$1,$(&> (6,'9#* E/)5/$,.1> ))(8(75*,#*1',?,$//),&'*6//$,(1/)#*$+*#,'/$,.1&*65*&'+/*1)/,85+/"> "

()%* #B/$+*#,'/$,.1D*)1&','5'(/$,(1/)#*(+6/),:/$,.1 &>*4/3#>#!" &'%":5&#$!"54"!&%5&6$3 3.34"'!"54"!&%5&6$ + /&C+*/&#*/$+*#,'/$,.1/$'5/)*&$(++*&2(1#*1/ +8/1,&6(&#**+',?,$/$,.1#*,&'*6/&> +8/1,&6(&#**+',?,$/$,.1#*+(#5$'(&> /-(+/'(+,(&#* 1&/D(> /-(+/'(+,(&#*/),-+/$,.1> +8/1,&6(&#*1&2*$$,.1> **&2*+/*M'*1#*+/?5'5+()//$+*#,'/$,.1/ +8/1,&6(&#**+',?,$/$,.1#**+&(1/)> +8/1,&6(&#**+',?,$/$,.1#*+(E**#(+*&> +8/1,&6(&#**+',?,$/$,.1#*$5*+#(&#*+(#5$$,.1,62,/> ),&'*6//$,(1/)#*$+*#,'/$,.1#*)/$'<//$+*#,'/1#('/1'(*1*)C+*/E()51'/+,/ $(6(*1*)C+*/+*8)/6*1'/+,/> 1*)C+*/E()51'/+,/)//$+*#,'/$,.1*&&(),$,'/#/),-+*6*1'* 2(+*)(+8/1,&6(;'/)$(6(&*+4/)/&,'5/$,.1#*)2+*&*1'*'+/-/3(> 1*)C+*/+*8)/6*1'/+,/; 2(+*)$(1'+/+,(;)//5'(+,#/#*M,8*)//$+*#,'/$,.1/1'**)2/+//5'(+,:/+D+*$(1($*+/) (+8/1,&6(> 1)//-)/"&*2+*&*1'/1)/&C+*/&+*8)/6*1'/+,/&D)//5'(+,#/#+*&2*$',E/> 12 Instituto Nacional de Normalización, Marzo de 2007. Apuntes del Curso "NCh 2404 Organismos de Inspección. Análisis e Implementación". Relator: Eduardo Ceballos, Auditor de Acreditación. H

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nstituto Nacional de Normalización; Abril de 2004; INN R-401, Reglamento para la Acreditación de Organismos de Evaluación de la Conformidad. A

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nstituto Nacional de Normalización, Marzo de 2007. Apuntes del Curso "NCh 2404 Organismos de Inspección. Análisis e Implementación". Relator: Eduardo Ceballos, Auditor de Acreditación. G@

()%* #-B/(+6/=,)*1/= ()%* #-I/(+6/=,)*1/= -3+34)>"$"'!" #4: / (+6/ =?@AA" $(++*&2(1#* / 51/ =(6()(8/$,.1 #* )/ (+6/ 5+(2*/ J @AAJB+,'*+,(&*1*+/)*&2/+/)/2*+/$,.1#*,?*+*1'*&,2(&#*+8/1,&6(& 75*?*$'</11&2*$$,.1> &'/1(+6/=/&,#(/2+(-/#/2(+*)(1&*3(#*)1&','5'(/$,(1/) #*(+6/),:/$,.1;*1&*&,.1*?*$'5/#/*)G#*51,(#*@AA">/(+6/=>?@AA" *&,#91',$/ / )/ (+6/ @"; 1/$,#/ '/6-,91 #* 51/ =(6()(8/$,.1 #* )/ 1(+6/ J @AAJ> -33#%&85&6$(4 ( &55&6$!" #4: *8<1&*,1#,$//1'*+,(+6*1'*)/,1&2*$$,.1'9$1,$/#*(-+/&&*=/#*&/++())/#(*1=,)* $(6( 51/ /$',E,#/# 75* +*&2(1#* / )/& &(),$,'/$,(1*& #*) 6*+$/#(; &,1 '*1*+ 51/ +*85)/+,:/$,.1?(+6/)1,51/*1',#/#?,&$/),:/#(+/>$'5/)6*1'**)1<6*+(#**62+*&/&75* +*/),:/1,1&2*$$,.1 '9$1,$/ &52*+/ )/& #(&$,*1'/&; #* *&'* 8+52( / )( 6*1(& $,1$5*1'/ (?+*$*1#*1'+(#*&5&&*+E,$,(&)/,1&2*$$,.1#*(-+/&#**#,?,$/$,.1 @K >/?/)'/#*$+,'*+,(& *&'/1#/+,:/#(&*1*&'//$',E,#/#=/$*1*$*&/+,/)/-<&75*#/#*51*)*6*1'(+*85)/#(+( +*?*+*1$,/)> -3,3 5$5"'!" #4: /1(+6/=>?@AA"*&'/-)*$**1&5&/)$/1$*&75**&'C#*&',1/#//&*+5&/#/2(+ (+8/1,&6(&#*,1&2*$$,.1*18*1*+/);&,1*6-/+8(=/&'/*)6*&#*/+:(#*"1(&*=/ /$+*#,'/#(1,18<1(+8/1,&6(75**?*$'<*,1&2*$$,.1'9$1,$/#*(-+/&> 15 Instituto Nacional de Normalización; 1997; Norma Chilena NCh2404 Of1997, Criterios Generales para la Operación de Organismos de Inspección, Introducción. 16 Rojas Vargas, José Ramón; Septiembre de 2006; Entrevista Personal. Datos obtenidos de un estudio del Mercado de Inspecciones, Arcadis Geotécnica. G

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nstituto Nacional de Normalización, INN [en línea]; <http://www3.inn.cl/acreditacion/organismos/portada/index.php> [consulta: 9 Septiembre 2006] GG

()%* #-B/(+6/=,)*1/= &E,/-)*2(&'5)/+/)//$+*#,'/$,.1*1)/&C+*/&#*,1&2*$$,.1#*(-+/&#**#,?,$/$,.1 *1*M'*1&,.1*,1&2*$$,.1#*(-+/&#**#,?,$/$,.1*1/)'5+/>*=/$*'/)#,?*+*1$,/D/ 75**)#*&/++())(#*2+($*#,6,*1'(&*&2*$4?,$(&*&*&*1$,/)6*1'*#,&',1'(> -3-3" 5&6$!" #4:L39+11/5#$ '#4:'1 /) $(6( &*,1#,$/ *1 *) 2+*C6-5)(; )/ 1(+6/ = >?@AA" =/ &,#( 2+*2/+/#/ $(1&,#*+/1#()(&+*75,&,'(&D+*$(6*1#/$,(1*&#*)/&*+,*A>/&*+,*#*1(+6/& A; D *1 *&2*$,/) )/ 1(+6/ A@; &* =/1 E/),#/#( $(6( 51 *&'C1#/+ +*$(1($,#( 651#,/)6*1'*>/+8/1,:/$,.11'*+1/$,(1/)2/+/)/(+6/),:/$,.1/8+52//(+8/1,&6(& 1/$,(1/)*&#*1(+6/),:/$,.1#*6C&#*@2/4&*&> &>*413)'"'D*"L$!#(%!# '$#4:'!" 9:&&1 +0 3 &'/'*1#*1$,/&*#/'/6-,91#*1'+(#*)/&*62+*&/&75*+*/),:/1,1&2*$$,.1'9$1,$/#* (-+/&;&,*1#(2*+$,-,#/)/$*+',?,$/$,.1A@$(6(51&46-()(#*$(1?,/1:/> 18 Universidad Mayor; 2006; Las Normas ISO 9000; Presentación Powerpoint. G

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niversidad Mayor; 2006; Las Normas ISO 9000; Presentación Powerpoint. GJ

()%* #-B/(+6/=,)*1/= -3.3" 5&6$!" #4:L5#$%4'#4:'L3 / 1(+6/ = 1/$*(+,8,1/)6*1'*#*1'+(#*)/&,85,*1'*&*+,*#* 1(+6/& 75* $5-+*1 *1&/D(&;,1&2*$$,.1;$*+',?,$/$,.1D/$+*#,'/$,.1 =@;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/)/(2*+/$,.1#*)/-(+/'(+,(&#**1&/D(> =;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/)/*E/)5/$,.1#*)/-(+/'(+,(&#**1&/D(> =G;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/(+8/1,&6(&#*/$+*#,'/$,.1#*)/-(+/'(+,(&> =;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/)/(2*+/$,.1#*(+8/1,&6(&#*,1&2*$$,.1> =@@; +,'*+,(& 8*1*+/)*& 2/+/ (+8/1,&6(& #* $*+',?,$/$,.1 75* (2*+/1 $*+',?,$/$,.1#*2+(#5$'(&> =@; +,'*+,(& 8*1*+/)*& 2/+/ (+8/1,&6(& #* $*+',?,$/$,.1 75* (2*+/1 $*+',?,$/$,.1#*&,&'*6/&#*$/),#/#> =@G;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/(+8/1,&6(&75*(2*+/1$*+',?,$/$,.1#*2*+&(1/)> =@;+,'*+,(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/)/#*$)/+/$,.1#*$(1?(+6,#/##*2+(E**#(+*&>,1*6-/+8(*&$(1)/1(+6/=@"J>?JI*75,&,'(&8*1*+/)*&2/+/)/$(62*'*1$,/ #* )/-(+/'(+,(& #* *1&/D* D $/),-+/$,.1; $(1 )/ 75* &*25*#*1 *&'/-)*$*+ +*)/$,(1*& 75* +*&5)'/1#*,1'*+9&D5',),#/#2/+/*)2+*&*1'*'+/-/3(;D/75*$(6(&*,1#,$//1'*+,(+6*1'*; &*=/$(1E*+',#(*151*&'C1#/+#*1'+(#*#,*6> &'/1(+6/*&'/-)*$*$(6(+*75,&,'(2/+/ )//$+*#,'/$,.1)/*M,&'*1$,/#*51&,&'*6/#*8*&',.1#*$/),#/#75*',*1*+*75*+,6,*1'(&*1 $(6<1 $(1 *) #*&$+,'( 2(+ )/ = >?@AA"; 2(+ )( 75* 25*#*1 5',),:/+&* E/+,(& #($56*1'(&D/#*&/++())/#(&> )#*'/))*#**&'(&*2+*&*1'/*1*)/24'5)("> 20 Instituto Nacional de Normalización; 1997; Norma Chilena NCh2404 Of1997, Criterios Generales para la Operación de Organismos de Inspección. GK

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evista BIT [en línea]; <http://www.revistabit.cl/body_articulo.asp?id_articulo=144> [consulta: 2 de marzo de 2007] GA

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