X JORNADAS TÉCNICAS - ABB EN CHILE, ABRIL, 2017 HVDC Systems Applications and Benefits. Felipe Nobre, Gerente de Subestaciones, Chile

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1 X JORNADAS TÉCNICAS - ABB EN CHILE, ABRIL, 2017 HVDC Systems Applications and Benefits Felipe Nobre, Gerente de Subestaciones, Chile

2 Agenda ABB y la Innovación Porque HVDC Tecnología HVDC Experiencia en el Proyecto Rio Madeira, HVDC ± 600 kv April 18, 2017 Slide 2

3 Moldando el mundo hoy por medio da la innovación Pionera en tecnología desde 1883 Os fundadores 1900 Turbina a vapor Turbochargers Turbina a gás Sistema de acionamento elétrico para locomotivas Robôs industriais Painéis isolados a gás Motor sem redutor HVDC Acionamentos e inversores de frequência Sistemas de propulsão elétrica Sistemas de controle distribuído Ultra-alta tensão April 18, 2017 Slide 3

4 HVDC history History and Introduction First commercial HVDC transmission in 1954 (100 kv, 20 MW) Gotland Swedish mainland Cable length: 100 km Slide 4 (22) April 18, 2017 Slide 4

5 HVDC history ABB, the pioneer in HVDC April 18, 2017 Slide 5

6 Liderazgo global en HVDC ABB subministró más de la mitad de todos los proyectos April 18, 2017 Slide 6

7 Power Grids Division Opportunities to deliver value to our customers Market drivers Renewables and distributed generation Longer transmission distances Power quality Power grid automation New grids: emerging markets Aging grids: developed markets Service and asset health management April 18, 2017 Slide 7

8 Sistema DC Europeu Futuro April 18, 2017 Slide 8

9 Agenda ABB y la Innovación Porque HVDC Tecnología HVDC Experiencia en el Proyecto Rio Madeira, HVDC ± 600 kv April 18, 2017 Slide 9

10 HVDC characteristics Generator HVDC transmission system Load Why use HVDC instead of AC? Slide 10 (22) DC Decreases total cost for long distance power transmission with overhead lines and/or cables. DC enables connection between asynchronous AC networks. Gives fast and accurate control of the power flow. April 18, 2017 Slide 10

11 Total cost DC vs. AC Investment Costs Total AC cost AC DC DC terminal Costs Total DC Cost Variables Cost of Land Cost of Materials Cost of Labour Time to Market Permits etc. AC Terminal costs Critical Distance Distance April 18, 2017 Slide 11

12 Lower losses HVDC 2x500 kv Slide 12 (22) April 18, 2017 Slide 12

13 Transmisión AC Camino de la línea aérea April 18, 2017 Slide 13

14 Transmisión AC Camino de la línea aérea con compensación de FACTs April 18, 2017 Slide 14

15 Transmisión AC Camino de la línea aérea con compensación de FACTs April 18, 2017 Slide 15

16 Transmisión HVDC Camino de la línea aérea April 18, 2017 Slide 16

17 Transmisión HVDC Camino de la línea aérea April 18, 2017 Slide 17

18 Transmisión HVDC Light Camino de cables subterráneos April 18, 2017 Slide 18

19 Interconnection of power systems Conventional HVAC Slide 19 (22) Why use HVDC for interconnections? Exact power flow control Efficient use of generating capacity Stability control No increase of short circuit currents Less environmental impact Low losses for long distance transmissions Lower investment HVAC with FACTS HVDC DC April 18, 2017 Slide 19

20 Agenda ABB y la Innovación Porque HVDC Tecnología HVDC Experiencia y aplicaciones April 18, 2017 Slide 20

21 Thyristor Function + V thyr - Current direction Block high voltage in both directions Conduct current in forward direction Turn on when given firing pulse and positive voltage Turn off when the thyristor current crosses zero April 18, 2017 Slide 21

22 HVDC Light Link of two technologies LCC + SVC = VSC LCC VSC SVC U v U v { April 18, 2017 Slide 22

23 Introducción: tipos básicos de Conversor HVDC e HVDC Light April 18, 2017 Slide 23

24 BU Grid Integration Product Portfolio HVDC Classic Portfolio and application ABB offers a complete portfolio: Turnkey HVDC transmission systems DC voltage up to 1,100 kv Power range up to 10,000 MW System retrofit through upgrading, uprating & major retrofit of converter stations Power Semiconductors: Thyristors for HVDC HVDC Classic can be applied for the following: Connecting remote generation Bulk transmission of energy Interconnecting grids Connecting remote loads Upgrades April 18, 2017 Slide 24

25 BU Grid Integration Product Portfolio VSC HVDC Light Portfolio and application ABB offers a complete portfolio: Turnkey HVDC Light transmission systems Land cable, overhead line or sea cable connections Power range 50-1,800 MW Power Semiconductors: IGBTs HVDC Light can be applied for the following: Connecting remote generation, Interconnecting grids, Offshore wind connections City center infeed Power from shore DC links in AC grids Connecting remote loads Upgrades April 18, 2017 Slide 25

26 Tecnologías HVDC - Conversoras HVDC Clásico (Conmutación natural), LCC Nivel de corto-circuito mínimo: S MVA > 2 x P d (>1.3 x P d con CCC) Nivel mínimo de potencia: 5-10% Demanda potencia reactiva en los terminales Potencias mas altas, escalas de economía HVDC Light (Conmutación forzada), VSC No requiere nivel mínimo de corto-circuito No requiere nivel mínimo de potencia No demanda potencia reactiva Control independiente de la potencia activa y reactiva Soporte dinámico de voltaje: Q ~= ± 0.5 x P dnom April 18, 2017 Slide 26

27 HVDC Light: Potencia Activa y Reactiva Comparación con HVDC Clásica HVDC Clásica: ~ compensación reactiva con filtros y bancos en paralelo maniobrados Q HVDC Light: No requiere compensación reactiva; STATCOM con un rango dinámico ~ 0.5Pd/+0.5Pd Mvar bajo un factor de potencia de 90%. P (p.u.) ,5 0,13 Suministro de bancos de capacitores y filtros Rectifier operation Q abs (p.u.) Q gen (p.u.) Slide 27 (22) - 0,5 Consumo de la conversora 1,0 I d Desbalace con la red Inverter operation Operación individual posible en qualquier punto dentro de la curva (respetando que P R ~P I ), i.e. Q R y Q I pueden ser despachadas totalmente distintas (Diagrama válida en operación BtB) April 18, 2017 Slide 27

28 HVDC Light versus HVDC Clásica Rangos comparativos U cd en kv HVDC Light con líneas aereas HVDC Light con cables poliméricos HVDC con cables MI HVDC Clásica con líneas aereas Potencia en MW April 18, 2017 Slide 28

29 HVDC Control Line-commutated converters Power direction: Power reversal: ~ 1W +100 V +99 V Rectifier 1A Inverter ~ ~ 1W -99 V -100 V Inverter 1A Rectifier ~ +100 V +99 V 100 W 99 W Slide 29 (22) 0 V 0 V 99 W -99 V -100 V 100 W April 18, 2017 Slide 29

30 HVDC Transmission Configurations Symmetric monopole Bipole ~ = = ~ ~ = = ~ Slide 30 (22) Asymmetric monopole, metallic return ~ = = ~ Asymmetric monopole, ground return ~ = = ~ ~ = = ~ Bipole, metallic return ~ ~ = = = ~ = ~ Connection between Converter Stations can be Overhead Lines or Cables April 18, 2017 Slide 30

31 HVDC Transmission Configurations Multiterminal Symmetric monopole ~ = = ~ = ~ Bipole with parallel converters (doubling current) ~ = ~ = = ~ = ~ Slide 31 (22) ~ = ~ = = ~ = ~ April 18, 2017 Slide 31

32 Single-line diagram for a typical converter station 11th harmonic filter AC yard Converter Valve hall DC yard Pole line 13th harmonic filter DC filter Highpass filter Slide 32 (22) Monopolar Converter Station To ground electrode or metallic return April 18, 2017 Slide 32

33 Single-line diagram for a typical converter station 11th harmonic filter 13th harmonic filter Highpass filter Highpass filter AC yard Converter Valve hall DC yard DC filter Pole line Pole 1 Electrode To electrode lines lines 13th harmonic filter DC Filter Pole 2 Pole line Slide 33 (22) 11th harmonic filter AC bus Bipolar Converter Station April 18, 2017 Slide 33

34 HVDC VSC Evolution Three-phase, two-level voltage-source converter for HVDC The very first VSC-HVDC scheme installed (the Hellsjön experimental link commissioned in Sweden in 1997) until 2012, most of the VSC HVDC systems built were based on the two level converter. Slide 34 (22) Three-phase, three-level, diode-clamped voltage-source converter for HVDC In an attempt to improve on the poor harmonic performance of the two-level converter. In a refinement of the diode-clamped converter, the so-called active neutral-point clamped converter, the clamping diode valves are replaced by IGBT valves, giving additional controllability. Such converters were used on the Murraylink project in Australia and the Cross Sound Cable link in the United States. April 18, 2017 Slide 34

35 HVDC VSC Evolution Three-phase Modular Multi-Level Converter (MMC) for HVDC. The Modular Multi-Level Converter (MMC) is now becoming the most common type of voltage-source converter for HVDC. Like the two-level converter and the sixpulse line-commutated converter, a MMC consists of six valves, each connecting one AC terminal to one DC terminal. Slide 35 (22) April 18, 2017 Slide 35

36 Cables HVDC Light Para HVDC Light ABB ha desarrollado cables triple-extruidos de bajo peso y con empalmes prefabricados, que: 1997 Hellsjön ± 10 kv, 3 MW Son probados, secos, confiables y rápidos de montar No require búnker de hormigón, sino solamente una cubierta de arena Permite juntar cables con diferentes areas del conductor Directlink, 354 km ± 80 kv, 60 MW 2001 Murraylink, 360 km ± 150 kv, 220 MW 2004 Estlink, 210 km ± 150 kv, 350 MW 2010 DolWin 1, 330 km ± 320 kv, 800 MW ± 525 kv, 2600 MW April 18, 2017 Slide 36

37 Agenda ABB y la Innovación Porque HVDC Tecnología HVDC Experiencia en el Proyecto Rio Madeira, HVDC ± 600 kv April 18, 2017 Slide 37

38 HVDC Project Map South America South America SA 1: Itaipu 2x 3150MW, 600kV, bipole SA 2: Brazil-Argentina interconetion 2x 1100MW, CCC back to back SA 3: Rio Madeira 2x 400MW, CCC back to back SA 4: Rio Madeira 3150MW, 600kV, bipole April 18, 2017 Slide 38

39 Argentina - Brasil Interconnection I & II Garabi 2 x 1000 MW delivery capability 50/60 Hz B-t-B converter station : 4 x 550 MW blocks 2 x 488 km, 500 kv ac transmission line Rincon Santa Maria Garabi Itá 22 months to commercial operation, each stage CCC Converter stations solution to comply with the low short circuit ratio. April 18, 2017 Slide 39

40 Argentina Brasil 1 : Garabi BtB Converter 85 MVAr AC Filter Bank 550 MW 12-Pulse Converter Block ± 70 kv, 3930 A 85 MVAr AC Filter Bank Spare Phase 500 kv, 50 Hz PLC Equipment Ring Bus 525 kv, 60 Hz PLC Equipment 92.5 MVAr Line Shunt Reactor 94.8 MVAr per 6-Pulse Converter MVAr per 6-Pulse Converter 250 MVAr Line Shunt Reactor Figure 6 Garabi Converter Station Single Line Diagram April 18, 2017 Slide 40

41 Argentina - Brasil : Garabi Block 4 Block 3 Garabí 2 Line 2 Tie-breakers Line 1 Shunt reactor Line 2 Tie-breakers Line 1 Block 2 Garabí 1 Block 1 AC filter April 18, 2017 Slide 41

42 Argentina - Brazil Interconnection I & II Garabi Garabi Converter Area Transformers, Valve Modules, CCC Capacitors Garabi Valve Modules, ± 70 kv 4000 A 2x550 MW Blocks April 18, 2017 Slide 42

43 Argentina - Brasil : Garabi BtB Converter 550 MW Block 1 60 Hz 550 MW Block 2 Distributed containers with control systems close to the yard Optical CV and VTs Optical DCCT CCC Capacitors Banks 50 Hz April 18, 2017 Slide 43

44 Argentina - Brasil : Garabi BtB Converter Valve Modules 3xQuadrivalve CCC capacitors Converter Transformers CCC capacitors April 18, 2017 Slide 44

45 Argentina - Brasil : Garabi April 18, 2017 Slide 45

46 Desafios da Transmissão Rio Madeira Distancia Potencia Dos usinas Generadores 2350 km 6450 MW 88 generadores 72 e 75 MW Desafíos: Distancia muy grande. Múltiples generadores de pequeño porte. Interconexión con sistema de 230 kv flaca. Soluciones: Eficiencia con uso de HVDC en ± 600 kv. Uso de controlabilidad de HVDC Flexibilidad usando de Back-to-Back con CCC Experiencia: 25 anos de HVDC en ± 600 kv, Furnas/Itaipu Garabi 2200 MW Back-to-Back con CCC April 18, 2017 Slide 46

47 Sistema de Transmisión del Rio Madeira CPV station BtB 2x400 MW Lot A Bipole 2 ± 600 kv line Lot G Bipole 1 ± 600 kv line Lot D Bipole MW Lot F Bipole MW Lot C April 18, 2017 Slide 47

48 Sistema de Transmisión del Rio Madeira The two back-to-back blocks are each rated 400 MW, although maximum power transmission into the 230kV is limited to 600 MW, at least until To overcome the problems of feeding into such a weak system, the back-to-back uses Capacitor Commutated Converters (CCC), improving not only performance related to commutation failures, but also reducing the need for shunt reactive compensation. Although not strictly necessary from a performance point of view the 500 kv side of the back-to-back also uses CCC technology. This permits use of harmonic filters with a relatively low Mvar rating on both sides of these converters. April 18, 2017 Slide 48

49 Sistema de Conexión Acre - Rondônia Operating modes The back-to-back has to operate in various considerably different configurations of the network: 1. Feeding weak 230 kv network synchronous with the Brazilian network. 2. As normal operation, but with a large gas fired thermal unit in operation locally in Porto Velho. 3. As normal operation initially, but separating from the Brazilian System (Isolated operation). 4. Start-up in isolated operation (Black start). 5. Feeding 500 kv converter bus from 230 kv (Reverse power direction). April 18, 2017 Slide 49

50 Bipolo 1, 3150 MW Rio Madeira Transmisión, Lote C Porto Velho Araraquara Notes: Includes metallic return, paralleling of bipoles and of lines Lot C includes Master Control of Back-to-Back and Bipole 2 April 18, 2017 Slide 50

51 Conversoras da Transmissão em HVDC CPV Bipole 1 Valve Hall Quadrivalvulas Trasformadores de tres enrolamientos April 18, 2017 Slide 51

52 Bipolo 1, 3150 MW Rio Madeira Transmissão, Lote C Salas de válvulas: Two winding trafo Height: 18 m Width: 53 m Depth: 25 m Three winding trafo Height: 23 m Width: 27 m Depth: 25 m Bi-valves en Araraquara Quadri-valves en Porto Velho April 18, 2017 Slide 52

53 Bipolo 1, 3150 MW Rio Madeira Transmissão, Lote C Estacion Araraquara Rio Madeira ± 600 kv Junho 2012 April 18, 2017 Slide 53

54 HVDC transformers Largest HVDC transformer Single phase 3 winding Power: 621/310,5/310,5 MVA Connection: Yn/Y/D April 18, 2017 Slide 54

55 Rio Madeira Transmission Transporte transformadores para Porto Velho, via Manaus April 18, 2017 Slide 55

56 Coletora Porto Velho Future Lot LF-CC Lot LC-CC Lot LA-CC April 18, 2017 Slide 56

57 Rio Madeira HVDC Project Pictures from Site Porto Velho Back to Back station April 18, 2017 Slide 57

58 Rio Madeira HVDC Project Pictures from Site ABB Araraquara Converter station (right) and Alstom station in the middle Two transformers moved into position April 18, 2017 Slide 58

59 Coletora Porto Velho April 18, 2017 Slide 59

60 BtB 1, 400 MW Rio Madeira Transmissão, Lote A Teste de tipo, Octo-Valvula CCC, Transformador de três fases, Octo-valvulas ± 50 kv April 18, 2017 Slide 60

61 Rio Madeira HVDC Project Pictures from Site Line Fault test April 18, 2017 Slide 61

62 Proyectos futuros en Brasil Bipoles A & B N/SE and NE/SE Transmission Expansion Madeira Tapajos Belo Monte Int. N S Parauapebas Int NE SE Graça Aranha Transmission Line: Voltage: Power: 2,100 km N/SE 1,500 km NE/SE ± 800 kv DC 7,500 MW for 2 bipoles Expected Auction/Award: 2018/2019 Silva nia Tapajos 1 & 2 HPP Tapajós Transmission System Araraquara Estreito Assis T. Rio Transmission Line: Voltage: 1,500 km BP1 2,500 km BP2 ± 800 kv DC Itaipu Power: 8,000 MW for 2 bipoles Expected Auction/Award: 2019/2020 BP1 2020/2021 BP2 April 18, 2017 Slide 62

63 Razones para el uso de HVDC. Cuando y porque usar ellos de Corriente Continua? 1. Menos costo de inversión 2. Distancias longas 3. Perdidas menores 4. Interconexiones asíncronas 5. Flexibilidad de controle 6. Limitación de corrientes de corto 7. Medio-ambiente Sumario Mais eficiente Mais robusto Menos impacto ambiental April 18, 2017 Slide 63

64 Contactos Felipe Nobre Gerente de Grid Integration Teléfono: Celular: felipe.nobre@cl.abb.com April 18, 2017 Slide 64

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