Globalización periférica, regulación política del sistema educativo y producción de desigualdades en Argentina Dónde estamos ahora?

Transcripción

1 !"#$%&'()*")*&+$','!-"#$%*'()*")*&+'.'+/'01','2100','3+45"565$'7&68$'9)*")*':*';4<&=& Globalización periférica, regulación política del sistema educativo y producción de desigualdades en Argentina Dónde estamos ahora? >)&/';45*8&'?/'?")&+:&@'7)$(*4$)&'A"568&)':*'7$8B5"C&';:6C&C"$+&8'D'E*F"48&C"G+';4C$8&)/ 9&C685&:':*'9"8$4$HB&'D'I6%&+":&:*4/'J+"K*)4":&:'L&C"$+&8':*'MG):$N&'OP)F*+5"+&Q R35'"4'5"%*'5$'5-"+S':"((*)*+58D'&N$65'*:6C&5"$+'<$8"CD'N*($)*'"4'5$$ 8&5*/'T*'+**:'5$'%$K*'N*D$+:'5-*'5D)&++"*4'$('"%<)$K*%*+5@ *(H"C"*+CD'&+:'45&+:&):4@'5$')*C$K*)'&'8&+F6&F*'$('&+:'($) *:6C&5"$+'&)5"C68&5*:'"+'5*)%'$('*5-"C4@'%$)&8'$N8"F&5"$+4'&+: K&86*4U (Stephen Ball, 2004). 1. Introducción P'<&)5")':*'8&':VC&:&':*8'4*5*+5&'8&4'4$C"*:&:*4'$CC":*+5&8*4'&4"45*+'&'6+'C$+W6+5$':* 5)&+4($)%&C"$+*4'*45)6C56)&8*4':*8'$):*+'*C$+G%"C$@'<$8B5"C$'D'C6856)&8/ A)&+4($)%&C"$+*4'X6*'C$+':"(*)*+5*4':*+$%"+&C"$+*4'4*'4"+5*5"#&+'*+'*8'(*+G%*+$':* 8&'Y8$N&8"#&C"G+'$'*+'8&'C$*Z"45*+C"&':*'RK&)"&4'F8$N&8"#&C"$+*4U@':*4:*'*8'<8&+5*$':* [$64&'[&+5$4'O>&8*'D'!$N*)54$+@'211\]'^$+&8@'211\Q/ ;+'P)F*+5"+&@':6)&+5*'8&'_85"%&':"C5&:6)&'%"8"5&)'O0`\a.0`bc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d+:$4*'C$+'&C5$)*4'*%<)*4&)"&8*4'%d4'C$+C*+5)&:$4'D'*%<)*4&4 5)&+4+&C"$+&8*4U/';8':*N"8"5&%"*+5$':*8';45&:$'C$%$'&)5"C68&:$)'*'"+5*F)&:$)':*'8$4 46W*5$4'&'6+'$):*+'4$C"&8'&(*C5G'8&'*45)6C56)&'*C$+G%"C&'D'4$C"&8':*8'<&B4'F*+*)&+:$ 6+&'<)$(6+:&'()&F%*+5&C"G+'4$C"&8'X6*'"%<&C5G':)&%d5"C&%*+5*'*+'*8'4"45*%& *:6C&5"K$/';8';45&:$':*WG':*'4*)'6+'(&C5$)':*'"+5*F)&C"G+'D'C$-*4"G+'4$C"&8@ &N&+:$+&+:$'46'C&)dC5*)'"+5*)K*+C"$+"45&'D'8&')*4<$+4&N"8"#&C"G+':")*C5&'4$N)*'8& 1 de 20

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13 c/ :*'*:&:'*4C$8&)"#&:$4/'?"*+5)&4'X6*'8&'5&4&':*'*4C$8&)"#&C"G+'<&)&'8&'4&8&':*'e *4C$8&)"#&C"G+':*'8&4'4&8&4':*'c'D'e'&=$4':*'*:&:'<)*4*+5&+':"(*)*+C"&'%6D ;Z5"*+:*'8&'$N8"F&5$)"*:&:'*4C$8&)'-&45&'8&'H"+&8"#&C"G+':*'8&';:6C&C"G+ [*C6+:&)"&/'7&)&'*88$'*8'F$N"*)+$'+&C"$+&8'&'5)&KV4':*'8$4'F$N"*)+$4'<)$K"+C"&8*4 "%<8*%*+5G'6+'C$+W6+5$':*'<)$F)&%&4'C$%$'*8'7!n?[;'O7)$F)&%&':*?*W$)&%"*+5$':*8'4"45*%&';:6C&5"K$i211e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d':*45"+&:&'&'&X6V88&4'*4C6*8&4':*'W$)+&:&'*4C$8&) ;45&4'<$8B5"C&4'*:6C&5"K&4'*45d+'&C$%<&=&:&4':*'<$8B5"C&4'4$C"&8*4'C$%$'*8'7)$F)&%& +&C"$+&8':*'RP4"F+&C"G+'J+"K*)4&8'<$)'-"W$'<&)&'<)$5*CC"G+'4$C"&8'OPJIQU'O>*C)*5$'+u 0a12i1`Q':*45"+&:$'8&4'(&%"8"&4'C$+'-"W$4'%*+$)*4':*'0b'&=$4'*+'C$+:"C"$+*4':* ;45*'<)$F)&%&'*45&':*45"+&:$')*"+5*F)&)'&'8&4'&86%+&4'D'&86%+$4'X6*'-&NB& de 20

14 &N&+:$+&:$'8&'*4C6*8&'$'"+C$)<$)&:$'&'&X6*88$4'X6*'+$'-&NB&+'88*F&:$'5$:&KB&'<$) (&85&':*'C$+:"C"$+*4'4$C"&8*4'Nd4"C&4/ &)5"C68&C"G+'C$+'8&4'"+5*)K*+C"$+*4'"+5*)4*C5$)"&8*4':*'$5)$4'%"+"45*)"$4'D $)F&+"#&C"$+*4'4$C"&8*4U'f`g/'[*'<)$<$+*+'5)*4'*45)&5*F"&4k0Q'3+C)*%*+5&)'8&'C$N*)56)& 8&4'<$8B5"C&4':*'"F6&8:&:'D'*X6":&:'4$C"&8]'2Q'?*W$)&)'8&'C&8":&:':*'8&'$(*)5&'*:6C&5"K&'D cq'9$)5&8*c*)'8&'f*45"g+'"+45"56c"$+&8/ 9*:*)&8':*';:6C&C"G+'f01g'&<)$NG'*+'2101'8&4'R7&65&4'9*:*)&8*4'<&)&'8&'%$K"8":&: *Z"%"*+:$'&8'&86%+$':*'8&'+*C*4":&:':*')*+:")'*X6"K&8*+C"&4'&8'%$%*+5$':*8'5)&4<&4$U/ ;45&'%*:":&':*'<$8B5"C&'*:6C&5"K&'R<)$C6)&')*4F6&):&)'8$4':*)*C-$4':*'8$4'&86%+$4'D'8& 8&'H"+&8"#&C"G+':*'8&'*+4*=&+#&'4*C6+:&)"&/ E&'E*D':*'9"+&+C"&%"*+5$';:6C&5"K$'4&+C"$+&:&'*+'211j'4*'<)$<64$'C$%$'%*5&'&'2101 :*45"+&)'*8'at':*8'7^3/'E$4':&5$4':"4<$+"N8*4'4*=&8&+'X6*'4*'-&'46<*)&:$'*4* &'*:6C&C"G+/ A$:&KB&'-&D'%6C-&4':*6:&4'<*+:"*+5*4'C$%$'&6%*+5&)'8$4'4&8&)"$4':$C*+5*4'X6*'4" <)$K"+C"&4'4$+'"%<$)5&+5*4]'<)$(6+:"#&)'8&4'&CC"$+*4'<&)&'&8C&+#&)'6+&'*(*C5"K& <)$N8*%&4'X6*'&_+'46N4"45*+'*+'*8'4"45*%&'*:6C&5"K$/ C$+H8"C5"K":&:'*+5)*'*8'F$N"*)+$'+&C"$+&8'D'8&4'W6)"4:"CC"$+*4'f00g'4*'*45&)B&'<*)H"8&+:$ <)*4*+5&'8&'$<$)56+":&:':*'C$+H")%&)'X6*':*4:*'8$4'*45&:$4'<)$K"+C"&8*4'5&%N"V+'*4 <$4"N8*'C$+45)6")'6+&'4$C"*:&:'%d4'W645&'&5*+:"*+:$'8&4':*4"F6&8:&:*4'*:6C&5"K&4'D :*4:*'*8';45&:$'+&C"$+&8':*'-&C*)'*(*C5"K$'*8':*C8&%&:$'(*:*)&8"4%$/ 14 de 20

15 Bibliografía *$(%!6&$'+(1%2!)/'!$658*:F*/'E$+:$+/ ijl3mp?7/ 9"8$4$HB&'D'I6%&+":&:*4':*'8&'J+"K*)4":&:'L&C"$+&8':*'MG):$N&'OA)&:6CC"G+';45*8&'?/?")&+:&Q 'UJ<18+1%2!)&*(!8126$&$%&7!82%2V+$*&'$&8+%%$&(!)%6$&8$*&2)J;182%J*&$)&W);81%$66$>&C$8;2V+$> L61)($>&X!);62$&$%&1+&=!6%+;18D'!*F68*:6C+*5o$)S'O>*)"K*)&N8*'cQ/ ^&)C*8$+&/ de 20

16 ^6*+$4'P")*4/ >"&)"$'E&'s$#':*8'3+5*)"$)'1ci1ci211b ;%"8"$'On)F/Q'O211eQ/'Y$N*)+&N"8":&:':*'8$4'4"45*%&4'*:6C&5"K$4'*+'P%V)"C&'E&5"+&/ (16%!;61^H1&'$&81&6$/!6,1&(+662(+816D&Q$^8$F2!)$*&1&716%26&'$&81&'$*($)%6182?1(23) ^6*+$4'P")*4/ %5J!62V+$*&$%&1)18G*$&'+&(1'6$&*%6+(%+6$8&$)&C$8;2V+$&/61)(!75!)$D'!*K6*'9)&+y&"4*':* >")*CC"G+'Y*+*)&8'J+":&:':*'9"+&+C"&%"*+5$'3+5*)+&C"$+&8'O2100Q/'?"+"45*)"$':* ;:6C&C"G+/'^6*+$4'P")*4/'-55<kiiooo/%*/F$K/&)i6H"i >")*CC"$+&8'L&C"$+&8':*'3+($)%&C"G+'D';K&86&C"G+':*'8&'M&8":&:';:6C&5"K&'O>3L3;M;Q O2101Qk'I1*&(2/61*&'$&81&.'+(1(23)&a)2(218&G&*+*&,!'$8!*&'$&!6;1)2?1(23)/'^$8*5"+'+u'b/ 16 de 20

17 ?"+"45*)"$':*';:6C&C"G+':*'8&'L&C"G+/'^6*+$4'P")*4/ -55<kii:"+"*C*/%*/F$K/&)i"%&F*4i45$)"*4i:"+"*C*i<6N8"C&C"$+*4iN$8*5"+ib.^$8*5" `/'J+"K*)4":&:'L&C"$+&8':*'MG):$N&/'<</2`.c0?")&+:&]';45*8&]'E&%()"]'L$)&O211bQk'I!*&$/$(%!*&'$&81&,+8%266$;+81(23)&7!8H%2(1&$) $'+(1(23)&$)&81&(!)^2;+61(23)&'$&)+$<1*&(!)'2(2!)$*&'$&%61"1#!&$&2'$)%2'1'&'$8&!^2(2! *G*%$,&1)'&%$1(5$6*c&b!6d&2)&W6;$)%2)19&L6!,&%5$&S%1%$&%!&%5$&,16d$%`'7&<*)'<)*4*+5*: =!8H%2(1*&'$&Q$/!6,1&'$8&S2*%$,1&.'+(1%2<!&$)&8!*&)!<$)%1D&_+$<1*&(!)^2;+61(2!)$* $,$6;$)%$*&1&716%26&'$&81&I$G&L$'$618&'$&.'+(1(23)&G&*+&2,78$,$)%1(23)&$)&036'!"1D $'+(1(23)D'[*%"+&)"$':*'M$$<*)&C"G+'M&+&:d'MG):$N&/'M*+5)$'M6856)&8'M&+&:d &8'02':*'PN)"8/ 6$($)%&%6$)'*&2)&52;5$6&$'+(1%2!)&2)&N$*%$6)&.+6!7$>&efghAefhh/';6)$<*&+'l$6)+&8'$( '$&(2+'1'1)!*&G&(2+'1'1)1*D&0!)%62"+(2!)$*&7161&$8&'$"1%$D'7)$F)&%&':*'L&C"$+*4 *2*%$,1*&$'+(1%2<!*D&L+)'1,$)%!*&7161&+)&)+$<!&76!;61,1&'$&81&$'+(1(23)&(!,7161'1/ i:)6<&8i+$:*ie1ac\ 17 de 20