MODULO SEIS TIEMPOS VERBALES. A continuación presentaré e ilustraré brevemente seis tiempos verbales.

Transcripción

1 MODULO SEIS TIEMPOS VERBALES A continuación presentaré e ilustraré brevemente seis tiempos verbales. El modo indicativo se utiliza para describir el mundo de la realidad: qué es (presente), qué era (pretérito), qué será (futuro). Present Simple (presente del indicativo): Un verbo o una frase verbal en el tiempo presente indican que la acción, la condición o el estado de ánimo se producen en un tiempo real o describen una acción, condición o estado de ánimo habitual. approve your recommendation Aprobamos su recomendación. (ahora) Tom s very well Tom habla muy bien. (Siempre. Es una cualidad propia de Tom) Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to Pronombre Verbo principal I approve approves approve Pronombre Verbo principal I s Speak Nota: la tercera persona del singular (,, ) sufre una modificación: se le agrega S o es

2 Simple Past (Pretérito indefinido) Se llama también pretérito perfecto simple. Se utiliza para hablar de hechos pasados. Siempre son acciones terminadas. your recommendation yesterday. Aprobamos su recomendación ayer. Tom spoke very well about the situation. Tom habló muy bien sobre la situación. Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to Pronombre Verbo principal I Pronombre Verbo principal I spoke spoke spoke La tercera persona del singular tiene el mismo tratamiento que las otras personas.

3 Recordemos En la unidad anterior hablamos de verbos regulares y de verbos irregulares. Los verbos regulares se forman con el verbo principal y se le agrega d o ed. Se usa la misma forma para todas las personas. Verbo principal Pasado approve believe believed acknowledge acknowledged carry carried delay delayed expect expected omit omitted raise raised rely relied Los verbos irregulares cambian la forma del verbo principal y se usa la misma forma para todas las personas. Verbo principal Pasado bring brought buy bought find found give gave go went rise rose send sent spoke take took win won Future Tense (Futuro) Se utiliza para hablar de acciones posteriores al tiempo en que se habla. Siempre existe una dosis de incertidumbre. Nunca se puede estar seguro de la realización de la acción descrita. La presencia de los verbos auxiliares shall ó will +verbo principal señalan el tiempo futuro. shall approve your recommendation. Aprobaremos su recomendación. Tom will about the situation. Tom hablará de la situación.

4 Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to Pronombre auxiliar Verbo principal I shall approve you will approve will approve shall approve will approve will approve I y shall Pronombre auxiliar Verbo principal I shall you will will shall will Speak will Tiempos Compuestos: Present Perfect: Pretérito perfecto Se utiliza para expresar una acción pasada pero cercana a un presente. La presencia de los verbos auxiliares has ó have+ participio pasado del verbo principal señalan el pretérito perfecto (present perfect) have your recommendation. mos aprobado su recomendación. Tom has about the situation. Tom ha hablado de la situación. Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I have you have has have have have

5 Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I have you have has have have have Past Perfect: Pretérito pluscuamperfecto Se utiliza para expresar acciones pasadas, realizadas en un momento dado del pasado. La presencia del verbo auxiliar had + el participio pasado del verbo principal señalan el tiempo pasado perfecto. had your recommendation before the collapse of the market. Habíamos aprobado su recomendación antes del colapso del mercado. Tom had about the situation, so he knew what to do. Tom había hablado de la situación, por lo tanto sabía que hacer. Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to. Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I had you had had had had Had Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I had you had had had had had

6 Future Perfect: Futuro compuesto Se utiliza para expresar acciones futuras, ocurridas con anterioridad a otra también futura. Un verbo o una frase verbal en el tiempo futuro compuesto indican que la acción, la condición o el estado de ánimo se habrá completado en algún momento en el futuro. La presencia de los verbos auxiliares will/shall+have + el participio pasado del verbo principal señalan el tiempo futuro perfecto. shall have your recommendation before the market collapses. Habremos aprobado su recomendación antes de que el mercado colapse. By the time we arrive, Tom will have about the situation. Para cuando lleguemos Tom habrá hablado de la situación. Cómo se conjuga? Tomemos los verbos de los ejemplos anteriores: to approve y to Pronombre auxiliar auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I shall have will have will have shall have will have will have Pronombre auxiliar auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I shall have will have will have shall have will have will have

7 Verbos regulares Síntesis del Módulo Seis Tiempos Verbales presente presente pasado participio pasado, she, it approve approves believe believes believed believed acknowledge acknowledges acknowledged acknowledged carry carries carried carried delay delays delayed delayed expect expects expected expected omit omits omitted omitted raise raises raised raised rely relies relied relied Verbos irregulares presente Presente, she, it pasado Participio pasado bring brings brought Brought buy bought bought Bought find finds found Found give gives gave Given go goes went Gone rise rises rose Risen s spoke Spoken take takes took taken win wins won won Simple Present (Presente del indicativo) Pronombre Verbo principal I approve/ approves/s approve/ Simple Past (Pretérito indefinido) Pronombre Verbo principal I /spoke /spoke /spoke

8 Future Tense (Futuro) Pronombre auxiliar Verbo principal I shall approve you will approve will approve shall approve will approve will approve Tiempos Compuestos: Present Perfect: Pretérito perfecto Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I have you have has have have have

9 Past Perfect: Pretérito pluscuamperfecto Pronombre auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I had you had had had had Had Future Perfect: Futuro compuesto Pronombre auxiliar auxiliar Participio pasado del verbo principal I shall have will have will have shall have will have will have

10 MODULE SIX ASSIGNMENT ONE Localización del Verbo principal Ubica el verbo e indica en que tiempo verbal está conjugado Ejemplo: I began my career as a bookkeeper (tiempo pasado simple del vebo to begin) 1. Bookkeepers record the daily transactions: sales, purchases, debts, expenses and so on. 2. Each type of transaction is recorded in a separate account. 3. Each account records debits on the left and credits on the right. 4. John Smith has worked in the accounting department for three months and the manager will increase his salary. 5. At the end of the accounting period, he prepared a trial balance. transferred the debit and credit balances of different accounts onto one page. 7. In June, I shall examine the accounts of a large multinational company. 8. Fortunately, the Board of Directors had to sale the shares before the stock market collapsed. 9. I think it is a good investment: it pays 8%. 10. When they saw our financial statements, the bank refused to lend us any money.

11 MODULE SIX ASSIGNMENT TWO En los siguientes párrafos ubica los verbos e indica en que tiempo están conjugados Accountancy is the art of communicating financial information about a business entity to shareholders and managers. The communication appears in financial forms that show in money terms the economic resources under the control of management. The art lies in selecting the information that is relevant to the shareholders and managers. Early accounts served to assist the memory of the business person. Doubleentry bookkeeping first emerged in northern aly in the 14 th century. There, Business began to require more capital than one individual person was able to invest. The earliest accounting records were found among the ruins of ancient Babylon, Assyria and Sumeria. date back more than 7,000year. The people of that time relied on primitive accounting methods to record the growth of crops and herds and determine if a surplus had been gained after the crops had been harvested or the young animals weaned. Economic tablet with numeric signs. Proto-Elamite script in day, Susa Uruk period (3200 BC to 2700 BC) Department of Oriental An tiquites, Louvre. Source: Wikipedia

12 MODULE SIX ASSIGNMENT ONE Localización del Verbo principal Respuestas Ubica el verbo e indica en que tiempo verbal está conjugado Ejemplo: I began my career as a bookkeeper (tiempo pasado simple del vebo to begin) 1. Bookkeepers record the daily transactions: sales, purchases, debts, expenses and so on. (tiempo presente del indicative del verbo to record) 2. Each type of transaction is recorded in a separate account. (Tiempo presente del indicativo, voz pasiva del verbo to record) 3. Each account records debits on the left and credits on the right. (Presente del indicative del verbo to record) 4. John Smith has worked in the accounting department for three months and the manager will increase his salary. (Presente perfecto del verbo to work) 5. At the end of the accounting period, he prepared a trial balance. transferred the debit and credit balances of different accounts onto one page. ( Pasado simple de los verbos to prepare y to transfer) 7. In June, I shall examine the accounts of a large multinational company. ( Futuro del verbo to examine) 8. Fortunately, the Board of Directors had to sale the shares before the stock market collapsed. (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto del verbo to approve y pasado simple del verbo to collapse) 9. I think it is a good investment: it pays 8%. (presente simple del verbo to think; presente simple del verbo to be; presente simple del verbo to pay) 10. When they saw our financial statements, the bank refused to lend us any money. (Pasado simple del verbo to see y pasado simple del verbo to refuse)

13 MODULE SIX ASSIGNMENT TWO En los siguientes párrafos ubica los verbos e indica en que tiempo están conjugados Accountancy is the art of communicating financial information about a business entity to shareholders and managers. The communication appears in financial forms that show in money terms the economic resources under the control of management. The art lies in selecting the information that is relevant to the shareholders and managers. (los verbos están en el presente simple) Early accounts served to assist the memory of the business person. Doubleentry bookkeeping first emerged in northern aly in the 14 th century. There, business began to require more capital than one individual person was able to invest. (los verbos señalados están en el pasado simple) The earliest accounting records were found among the ruins of ancient Babylon, Assyria and Sumeria. date back more than 7,000year. The people of that time relied on primitive accounting methods to record the growth of crops and herds and determine if a surplus had been gained after the crops had been harvested or the young animals weaned. Los verbos señalados están en el pasado simple, salvo: had been gained y had been harvested que están en el Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto, voz pasive de to gain y to harvest Economic tablet with numeric signs. Proto-Elamite script in day, Susa Uruk period (3200 BC to 2700 BC) Department of Oriental An tiquites, Louvre. Source: Wikipedia