Ámbito de comunicación Lengua inglesa. Anexo gramatical 6. Módulo 2. Educación a distancia semipresencial. Educación secundaria para personas adultas

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1 Dirección Xeral de Educación, Formación Profesional e Innovación Educativa Educación secundaria para personas adultas Ámbito de comunicación Lengua inglesa Educación a distancia semipresencial Módulo 2 Anexo gramatical 6 Página 1 de 26

2 Índice 1. Introducción Descripción del anexo gramatical Secuencia de contenidos y actividades La hora Preposiciones de lugar Verbos modales can y could Like y would like Comprensión escrita: An ordinary morning Actividades de autoevaluación Vocabulario básico de la unidad Soluciones de las actividades...22 Página 2 de 26

3 1. Introducción 1.1 Descripción del anexo gramatical En este sexto anexo gramatical vamos a abordar los siguientes contenidos: La hora. Las preposiciones de lugar. El empleo de los verbos modales can y could para hacer peticiones y pedir permiso. Like / love / hate seguido de -ing. Would like seguido de infinitivo con to. Los lugares de la ciudad y del campo. Los lugares de la casa. Página 3 de 26

4 2. Secuencia de contenidos y actividades 2.1 La hora The time - La hora Pregunta What time is it? ( Qué hora es?) What s the time? ( Qué hora es?) En punto Resto de horas It s + HORA + o clock It s twelve o clock (Son las doce en punto) It s + MINUTOS + past to + HORA Respuesta It s + MIN + past + HORA It s five / ten past... Son las... y cinco / y diez. It s + QUARTER + past + HORA It s quarter past... Son las... y cuarto. It s + MIN + past + HORA It s twenty / twenty-five past... Son las... y veinte / veinticinco. It s + HALF + past + HORA It s half past... Son las... y media. It s + MIN + to + HORA SIGUIENTE It s five / ten to... Son las... menos cinco / diez It s + QUARTER + to + HORA SIGUIENTE It s quarter to... Son las... menos cuarto. Fíjese en que: Cuando empleamos to decimos los minutos que quedan para la siguiente hora It s twenty-five to ten It s twenty-five to nine. Tanto a...y cuarto como a...menos cuarto empleamos quarter, no fifteen. It s quarter past three. It s fifteen past three. Página 4 de 26

5 Actividades propuestas S1. Relacione las columnas. Recuerde que primero decimos los minutos. 1. It s half past twelve. 2. It s five past ten. 3. It s ten past five. 4. It s ten to five. 5. It s five to ten. a b c d y S2. Complete los espacios en blanco con el nombre de la habitación y escoja la respuesta correcta. Picture Where? 1. The clock is in the [ ] 2. The clock is in the [ ] What time? a) It s ten to ten. b) It s ten past ten. a) It s five to twenty. b) It s twenty to five. Picture Where? 3. The clock is in the [ ] 4. The clock is in the [ ] What time? a) It s ten past ten. b) It s ten to two. a) It s ten to seven. b)it s twenty-five to ten. Página 5 de 26

6 S3. Escriba las horas. a b c d e f g h Página 6 de 26

7 2.2 Preposiciones de lugar Preposiciones de lugar The ball is in the box. (= dentro de, en) The ball is on the box. (= sobre, encima de) The ball is under the box. (= debajo de) The ball is in front of the box. (= delante de) The ball is behind the box. (= detrás de) John s house Jane s house Bill s house John s house is next to Jane s house. (= al lado de) Jane s house is between Bill s and John s house. (= entre) The football player is near the goal. (= cerca de) The football player is far from the goal. (= lejos de) The man is opposite the woman. (= en frente de) Fíjese en que: In front of no significa en frente de, significa delante de. Opposite significa en frente de. Actividades propuestas S4. Relacione cada expresión con su significado. 1. The wardrobe is between the shelf and the picture. 2. The mirror is behind the bed. 3. There s a plant opposite the sofa. 4. There are two cushions behind the armchair. 5. The bedside table is next to the bed. 6. There s a magazine in front of the dishwasher. a. El espejo está detrás de la cama. b. Hay una planta en frente del sofá. c. La mesilla de noche está al lado de la cama. d. El armario está entre el estante y el cuadro. e. Hay dos cojines detrás de la butaca. f. Hay una revista delante del lavavajillas. S5. Observe la ilustración y diga si las siguientes oraciones son verdaderas o falsas. Si son falsas, corríjalas. Página 7 de 26

8 True False 1. There are some toys in the bath. 2. There s a toilet between the toilet paper and the towel. 3. There s a carpet on the wall. 4. There s a washbasin under the mirror. 5. There s a picture next to the toilet. S6. Observe el plano y complete con los nombres de los edificios. 1. The [ ] is opposite the airport. 2. The school is next to the [ ]. 3. The [ ] is between the library and the bank. 4. The [ ] is in front of the mountains. 5. The [ ] are behind the river. S7. Observe la ilustración y complete con la preposición adecuada. 1. There is a sofa [ ] the lamp and the clock. 2. There is a TV set [ ] the books. 3. There is a coffee table [ ] the sofa 4. There is a picture [ ] the wall. 5. There is a lamp [ ] the sofa. 6. The clock is [ ] the TV set. Página 8 de 26

9 2.3 Verbos modales can y could Verbo can para pedir permiso Forma: CAN + infinitivo Forma afirmativa (sujeto + can) Forma negativa (sujeto + can t) I You He We You They CAN use the computer in class. I You He We You They CAN T use mobile phones in class. Forma Interrogativa (can + sujeto) Respuestas cortas CAN I You He We You They go to the toilet? Yes, I you he we you they CAN No, I you he we you they CAN T recuerde que el verbo can también puede emplearse para expresar habilidad (unidad 5): I can speak German. Revise en la unidad 5 las características del verbo modal can. Verbos can y could para hacer peticiones Podemos hacer peticiones empleando los verbos can o could (fórmula más cortés). It s very cold. Can you close the window, please? (Hace mucho frío. Puedes cerrar la ventana, por favor?) Could you call a taxi, please? ( Podría / podía llamar a un taxi, por favor?) más formal. Actividades propuestas S8. Traduzca estas expresiones al castellano. 1. Prisoners can t use the telephone in prison. 2. Can I use the toaster? 3. Can I open the cupboard? Página 9 de 26

10 S9. Pida permiso como en el ejemplo. Después, escriba el nombre del lugar donde podría emplear esa pregunta. Picture You want the menu. 1. Students want to go to the toilet. 2. You want to pay by credit card. Question (have the menu) Can I have the menu? (go to the toilet) [ ] (pay by credit card) [ ] Place In a restaurant. Picture 3. You want to try the shirt on. 4. The chemist wants to help you. 5. The police officer wants to see your passport. Question (try this shirt on) [ ] (help you) [ ] (have your passport) [ ] Place Página 10 de 26

11 S10. Observe las señales y complete con can y can t según tenga o no permiso para realizar esas acciones. Después, complete con el nombre del lugar donde podría encontrar esta señal. Sign Permission? (smoke) You can t smoke (speak) 1. [ ] (fish) 2. [ ] Place In a pub / bar. Sign Permission? (wear long trousers) 3. [ ] (take photos) 4. [ ] (use mobile phones) 5. [ ] Place S11. Lea estas oraciones y diga si can expresa habilidad, permiso o petición. 1. I can t play the flute. 2. Can you speak more slowly? 3. Pilots can fly planes. 4. Can I borrow your pen? 5. Can you help me? 6. You can t go fishing in this lake. Página 11 de 26

12 S12. Complete el cuadro con el nombre del mueble o aparato electrónico. Haga peticiones como en el ejemplo. Use can o could. Object The window is closed. You want it open. 1. The [ ] are down. You want them up. 2. The [ ] is off. You want it on. Request (open the window) Can/Could you open the window? (pull up the...) [ ] (turn on the...) [ ] Room In a bedroom. Object 3. The dishes are in the sink. You want them in the [ ] 4. The [ ] is open. You want it closed. 5. The [ ] is broken. You want a new one. Request (put the dishes in the...) [ ] (close the...) [ ] (buy a new...) [ ] Room Página 12 de 26

13 2.4 Like y would like Like / love / hate / enjoy + -ing Verbos seguidos de -ing Like, enjoy, love, hate I like (me gusta) She enjoys (ella disfruta) Do you love ( Te gusta mucho? Te encanta..?) I don t like (no me gusta) We hate (odiamos) Verbos + -ing travelling. going to the cinema. watching old films. doing English homework. working on Saturday mornings. Fíjese en la ortografía de la forma -ing: Normalmente añadimos -ing. Ej.: study - studying. Si acaba en -y mudo, desaparece la -y y añadimos -ing. Ej.: drive - driving. Si acaba en sílaba tónica y en consonante - vocal - consonante, doblamos la última consonante y añadimos -ing. Ej.: shop - shopping. Would like + infinitivo con to Would like to + infinitivo (me gustaría, querría...) Forma afirmativa Forma negativa I + would (o la forma contraída 'd) like to go to the cinema (me gustaría / te gustaría... ir al cine). You He She We They - wouldn't like to go to the cinema (no me gustaría / no te gustaría... ir al cine). Forma interrogativa Would I You He She We They like to go to the cinema? Yes, No, I//you/he/she/we/they would. I//you/he/she/we/they wouldn't Fíjese en que: No empleamos la contracción 'd de would en preguntas ni en respuestas cortas. Would you like to make a reservation? Yes, I would. Would you like to make a reservation? Yes, I'd. Página 13 de 26

14 Distinción entre like y would like Like Tiempo Presente simple: Afirmativa: I like reading / She likes reading (añade -s na 3ª persona de singular). Negativa: I don't like... / She doesn't like... (necesitamos el auxiliar don't/doesn't). Interrogativa: Do you like...? / Does she like...? (necesitamos el auxiliar do/does). Respuesta corta: Do you like reading? Yes, I do / No, I don't. Te gusta leer? Sí / No. Significado Seguido de like + -ing = gustar en general. I like going to the cinema (me gusta ir al cine). Forma -ing. Would like Tiempo Significado Condicional del verbo like: Es invariable para todos los sujetos. Afirmativa: I would ('d) like to read a book. / She would ('d) like to read a book (no añadimos -s). Negativa: I wouldn't like to... (no precisamos don't/doesn't, solo añadimos not a would). Interrogativa: Would you like to...? (no tenemos que usar do/does, solo invertimos el orden de would y el sujeto). Respuesta corta: Would you like to have a drink? Yes, I would / No, I wouldn't. Te apetece / te gustaría tomar algo? Sí / No. would like to + infinitivo = gustaríame... (quiero hacerlo ahora o en el futuro). I would like to go to the cinema tomorrow evening (me gustaría ir al cine mañana por la tarde). I would like to make a reservation, please (querría hacer una reserva, por favor). Seguido de To + infinitivo. Actividades propuestas S13. Escriba la forma -ing de los siguientes verbos. 1. Dance 5. Run 2. Sit 6. Speak 3. Listen 7. Write 4. Play 8. Stop 9. Eat 10. Ride S14. Observe las ilustraciones y diga las actividades que le gusta hacer o no en cada habitación. Emplee like, love, hate o enjoy. Activities look at myself - watch TV clean - empty - do cook -sleep - tidy up the washing up - the toilet - dinner on the sofa - in the mirror - in bed - the dishwasher - - my bedroom Página 14 de 26

15 Likes and dislikes I like sleeping on the sofa. 1. [ ] 2. [ ] 3. [ ] 4. [ ] 5. [ ] 6. [ ] 7. [ ] S15. Varios turistas visitan su ciudad y desean realizar distintas actividades. Dígales dónde pueden ir. Complete los diálogos como en el ejemplo. Activities send - buy - drink - borrow talk - take a plane ticket - a train - a beer a postcard - a book - to the mayor Dialogues Tourist: I'd like to drink a beer. You: Go to the pub. 1. Tourist: You: [ ] 2. Tourist: You: [ ] Página 15 de 26

16 3. Tourist: You: [ ] 4. Tourist: You: [ ] 5. Tourist: You: [ ] S16. Complete con la forma adecuada de would like to o like. 1. He [ ] (negative) watching TV. 2. [ ] you [ ] to sleep in my house next Saturday? 3. [ ] you [ ] watching horror films? I hate them. 4. They [ ] to buy a house with a garden. 5. My sister [ ] listening to pop music. 6. [ ] she [ ] dancing salsa? 7. [ ] you [ ] to go dancing on Saturday? 8. I [ ] to go out with you tonight. Página 16 de 26

17 2.5 Comprensión escrita: An ordinary morning Página 17 de 26

18 Actividades propuestas S17. Escriba las horas: a b c S18. Lea la página de cómic y diga si can expresa permiso o petición. Petición (request): Permiso (permission): S19. Traduzca al castellano. Cuál de estas oraciones expresa un gusto en general? Cuál expresa un deseo, algo que se quiere hacer ahora o en el futuro? 1. I would like to stay in bed all day. 2. Would you like to drink a glass of juice? 3. I don't like being late. Página 18 de 26

19 2.6 Actividades de autoevaluación S20. Escriba las horas. a b c d S21. Diga las preposiciones contrarias. 1. The cushions are on the bed. 2. The sports centre is near the square. 3. There's a church in front of the police station. 4. There's a plant behind the armchair. S22. Escriba las oraciones. Emplee can y could. 1. Pida permiso para ir al baño. 2. Pida permiso para pagar con tarjeta de crédito. 3. Exprese su habilidad para hablar japonés. 4. Dele permiso a otra persoa para emplear el móvil. 5. Pida a otra persona que suba la persiana. 6. Pida a otra persona que cierre la nevera. S23. Complete las oraciones con la forma correspondiente de would like to o like. 1. He [ ] skiing in the winter. 2. [ ] you [ ] to watch that film? 3. It's very hot. I [ ] to have a shower. 4. Mike [ ] to go to London next summer. 5. [ ] she [ ] eating Indian food? S24. Corrija los errores. 1. It's fifteen to twelve. 2. It's three past twenty-five. 3. What's time? 4. There's a castle near of the lake. 5. The beach is far the mountains. 6. You can turn off the TV? 7. I don't can speak Spanish in the English class. 8. She wouldn't like going to pubs. 9. Do you like to go to the cinema on Friday? Página 19 de 26

20 3. Vocabulario básico de la unidad Lugares en la ciudad y en el campo Buildings (edificios) Basic needs (necesidades básicas) English Castellano English Castellano An art gallery galería de arte A bank banco A bed and breakfast pensión/hotel con desayuno A bar bar A castle castillo A café cafetería A church iglesia A chemist s / pharmacy farmacia A cinema cine A department store grandes almacenes A hotel hotel A market mercado A house casa A pub pub A library biblioteca A shop tienda A mosque mezquita A shopping centre centro comercial A museum museo A supermarket supermercado A theatre teatro Out on the town (paseo por la ciudad) Services (servicios) English Castellano English Castellano A bridge puente A hospital hospital A park parque A police station comisaría de policía A pedestrian crossing paso de peatones A post office oficina de correos A river río A school escuela A road carretera A sports centre gimnasio the sea mar A town hall ayuntamiento A square plaza A university universidad A street calle Transport (transporte) In the countryside (en el campo) English Castellano English Castellano An airport aeropuerto A beach playa A bus station estación de autobuses A lake lago A railway / train station estación de ferrocarril A mountain montaña A travel agent s agencia de viajes A hiking route ruta de senderismo A waterfall cascada, salto de agua Página 20 de 26

21 A casa In the kitchen (en la cocina) In the bedroom (en el dormitorio) English Castellano English Castellano A chair silla An alarm clock reloj despertador A cupboard armario de la cocina, alacena A bed cama A dishwasher lavavajillas A bedside table mesilla de noche A fridge nevera blinds persiana A microwave microondas curtains cortinas A sink fregadero A cushion cojín A table mesa A picture cuadro, foto A toaster tostadora A wardrobe armario A washing machine lavadora In the bathroom (en el cuarto de baño) In the living room (en el salón) English Castellano English Castellano A bath bañera An armchair sillón A mirror espejo A carpet alfombra A shower ducha A lamp lámpara A toilet váter A plant planta A washbasin lavabo A shelf estante A sofa sofá Página 21 de 26

22 4. Soluciones de las actividades S1. 1b - 2e - 3d - 4a - 5c S2. S3. S4. Picture 1 Kitchen. b) Picture 2 Living room. b) a. It's quarter to three. b. It's half past eight. c. It's twelve o'clock. d. It's twenty-five to four. 1d - 2a - 3b - 4e - 5c - 6f Picture 3 Bathroom. a) Picture 4 Bedroom. a) e. It's five past one. f. It's twenty past six. g. It's ten past ten. h. It's quarter past nine. S5. 1. True. 2. False. The toilet paper is between the toilet and the towel. 3. False. There's a carpet on the floor. 4. True. 5. True. S6. S7. 1. restaurant. 2. church. 3. bar / pub. 1. between. 2. under. 3. in front of. 4. river. 5. mountains. 4. next to. 5. far from. Página 22 de 26

23 S8. S9. S10. S11. S Los presos no pueden emplear el teléfono en la cárcel. 2. Puedo usar la tostadora? 3. Puedo abrir el armario? 1. Can I go to the toilet? In a school. 2. Can I pay by credit card? In a hotel. 3. Can I try this shirt on? In a shop / a shopping centre / a department store. 4. Can I help you? In a chemist's. 5. Can I have your passport? In an airport. 1. You can't speak. In a library. 2. You can't fish. In a lake / a river / the sea. 3. You can wear long trousers. In a church. 4. You can't take photos. In an art gallery / a museum. 5. You can't use mobile phones. In a cinema. Habilidad: oraciones 1, 3. Permiso: oraciones 4, 6. Petición: oraciones 2, 5. Picture 1: Object: blinds. Request: Can / could you pull up the blinds, please? Room: in a living room. Picture 2: Object: microwave. Request: Can / could you turn on the microwave, pleas? Room: in a kitchen. Picture 3: Object: dishwasher. Request: Can / could you put the dishes in the dishwasher, please? Room: in a kitchen. Picture 4: Object: wardrobe. Página 23 de 26

24 Request: Can / could you close the wardrobe, please? Room: in a bedroom. Picture 5: Object: mirror. Request: Can / could you buy a new mirror, please? Room: in a bathroom. S dancing 2. sitting. 3. listening. 4. playing. 5. running. 6. speaking. 7. writing. 8. stopping. 9. eating. 10. riding. S14. S15. Respuesta libre. Las oraciones deben comenzar por I love / like / hate / enjoy watching TV in bed. 2. emptying the dishwasher. 3. cleaning the toilet. 4. looking at myself in the mirror. 5. cooking dinner. 1. I'd like to take a train. Go to the train station. 6. tidying up my bedroom. 7. doing the washing up. 2. I'd like to send a postcard. Go to the post office. 3. I'd like to buy a plane ticket. Go to a travel agent's. 4. I'd like to borrow a book. Go to a library. 5. I'd like to talk to the mayor. Go to the town hall. S16. S doesn't like 2. would you like 3. do you like 4. would ('d) like a. It's eight o'clock. b. It's ten past eight. 5. likes 6. does she like 7. would you like 8. would ('d) like c. It's half past eight. Página 24 de 26

25 S18. S19. Petición: Can you get up, honey? Can you open the window, please? Permiso: Can I have the juice instead? Yes, you can. 1. Querría / me gustaría quedarme en la cama todo el día (deseo). 2. Te apetece / te gustaría tomar un vaso de zumo? (deseo). 3. No me gusta llegar tarde (gusto en general). S20. S21. S22. S23. a. It's five past nine. b. It's half past eleven. 1. under. 2. far from. 1. Can I go to the toilet? 2. Can I pay by credit card? 3. I can speak Japanese. 1. likes 2. would you like 3. would ('d) like 4. would ('d) like 5. does she like c. It's quarter to five. d. It's twenty five to seven. 3. behind. 4. in front of. 4. You can use your mobile phone. 5. Can / could you pull up the blinds? 6. Can / could you close the fridge? Página 25 de 26

26 S It's quarter to twelve (en las horas no empleamos fifteen). 2. It's twenty-five past three (ponemos los minutos primero). 3. What's the time? 4. There's a castle near the lake (near significa cerca de, no usamos of). 5. The beach is far from the mountains. 6. Can you turn off the TV? (en la pregunta invertimos el orden del sujeto y can). 7. I can't speak Spanish in the English class (can no precisa don't / doesn't en la forma interrogativa). 8. She doesn't like going to pubs (hablamos de un gusto en general; además, va seguido de ing). 9. Would you like to go to the cinema on Friday? (hablamos de un deseo, no de un gusto en general; además, va seguido de infinitivo con to). Página 26 de 26