1 Al final del file hay una página con todos los Símbolos Fonéticos. Los verbos irregulares tienen formas propias que se deben aprender de memoria. Damos un elenco de los verbos irregulares más comunes. El past simple traduce el pretérito perfecto y el pretérito imperfecto. Por lo tanto, I went puede significar = yo fui o bien yo iba. be bi: was/were woz- w : been bi:n ser; estar beat bi:t beat bi:t beaten bi:tn golpear become bikúm became bikeim become bikúm volverse begin bigin began bigan begun bigún empezar bend bend bent bent bent bent doblar -se bind baind bound baund bound baund atar; encuadernar bite bait bit bit bitten biten morder bleed bli:d bled bled bled bled sangrar blow blou blew blu: blown bloun soplar break breik broke brouk broken brouken romper bring brin brought bro:t brought bro:t traer build bild built bilt built bilt construir burn b :n burnt b :nt burnt b :nt quemar -se buy bai bought bo:t bought bo:t comprar catch kats caught ko:t caught ko:t agarrar, coger choose tsu:z chose tsouz chosen tsouzen elegir
2 come kúm came keim come kúm venir cost kost cost kost cost kost costar cut kút cut kút cut kút cortar deal di:l dealt delt dealt delt tratar dig dig dug dúg dug dúg cavar do du: did did done dún hacer draw dro: drew dru: drawn dro:n dibujar; tirar de dream dri:m dreamt dremt dreamt dremt soñar dream dri:m dreamed dri:md dreamed dri:md soñar drink drink drank drank drunk drúnk beber drive draiv drove drouv driven driven conducir eat i:t ate eit eaten i:ten comer fall fo:l fell fell fallen fo:len caer -se feed fi:d fed fed fed fed alimentar feel fi:l felt felt felt felt tocar, sentir fight fait fought fo:t fought fo:t luchar find faind found faund found faund encontrar fly flai flew flu: flown floun volar forget feget forgot fegot forgotten fegoten olvidar -se forgive fegiv forgave fegeiv forgiven fegiven perdonar freeze fri:z froze frouz frozen frouzen helar; congelar get get got got got got conseguir, volverse get get got got gotten goten conseguir, volverse
3 give giv gave geiv given given dar go gou went went gone gon ir -se grind graind ground graund ground graund moler grow grow grew gru: grown groun crecer; cultivar hang han hung hún hung hún colgar hang han hanged hand hanged hand colgar have hav had had had had haber; tener hear hie heard h :d heard h :d oír hide haid hid hid hidden hiden esconder -se hit hit hit hit hit hit golpear hold hould held held held held tener; agarrar hurt h :t hurt h :t hurt h :t hacer daño keep ki:p kept kept kept kept guardar, tener know nou knew nju: known noun saber, conocer lay lei laid leid laid leid poner lead li:d led led led led dirigir; llevar learn l :n learnt l :nt learnt l :nt aprender learn l : learned l :nd learned l :nd aprender leave li:v left left left left dejar; salir lend lend lent lent lent lent prestar let let let let let let permitir; dejar lie lai lay lei lain lein echarse, acostarse lose lu:z lost lost lost lost perder
4 make meik made meid made meid hacer mean mi:n meant ment meant ment significar meet mi:t met met met met encontrar -se pay pei paid peid paid peid pagar put put put put put put poner, meter read ri:d read red read red leer ride raid rode roud ridden riden montar ring rin rang ran rung rún sonar rise raiz rose rouz risen rizen salir (sol), aumentar run rún ran ran run rún correr say sei said sed said sed decir see si: saw so: seen si:n ver sell sel sold sould sold sould vender send send sent sent sent sent enviar set set set set set set poner shake Seik shook Suk shaken SeikEn agitar shine Sain shone Son shone Son brillar shoot Sut shot Sot shot Sot disparar show Sou showed Soud shown Soun mostrar shut Sút shut Sút shut Sút cerrar se sing sin sang san sung sún cantar sink sink sank sank sunk súnk hundir se sit sit sat sat sat sat sentar se
5 sleep sli:p slept slept slept slept dormir smell smel smelt smelt smelt smelt oler smell smel smelled smeld smelled smeld oler speak spi:k spoke spouk spoken spouken hablar spell spel spelt spelt spelt spelt deletrear spend spend spent spent spent spent gastar; pasar spill spil spilt spilt spilt spilt derramar spill spil spilled spild spilled spild derramar spit spit spat spat spat spat escupir spit spit spit spit spit spit escupir split split split split split split dividir, partir spoil spoil spoilt spoilt spoilt spoilt estropear -se spoil spoil spoiled spoild spoiled spoild estropear -se stand stand stood stud stood stud estar de pie steal sti:l stole stoul stolen stoulen robar strike straik struck strúk struck strúk golpear swim swim swam swam swum swúm nadar take teik took tuk taken teiken tomar -se teach ti:ts taught to:t taught to:t enseñar tear tee tore to: torn to:n romper -se tell tel told tould told tould decir; contar think ink thought o:t thought o:t pensar throw rou threw ru: thrown roun lanzar
6 understand understood understood comprender úndestand úndestud úndestud wake weik woke wouk woken wouken despertar -se wear wee wore wo: worn wo:n llevar (puesto) win win won wún won wún ganar, vencer write rait wrote rout written riten escribir Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. arise Eraiz arose Erouz arisen ErizEn surgir awake Eweik awoke Ewouk awoken EwoukEn despertar -se bear bee bore bo: born bo:n portar; dar a luz to be born ser dado a luz soportar I was born... Yo fui dado a luz bet bet bet bet bet bet apostar bid bid bid bid bid bid pujar breed bri:d bred bred bred bred criar broadcast broadcast broadcast emitir, transmitir bro:dka:st bro:dka:st bro:dka:st burst b :st burst b :st burst b :st estallar cast ka:st cast ka:st cast ka:st tirar, arrojar
7 Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. cling klin clung klún clung klún aferrarse creep kri:p crept krept crept krept moverse lentamente; arrastrarse forsake feseik forsook fesuk forsaken feseiken abandonar kneel ni:l knelt nelt knelt nelt arrodillarse knit nit knit nit knit nit tejer, tricotar lean li:n leant lent leant lent apoyarse lean li:n leaned li:nd leaned li:nd apoyarse leap li:p leapt lept leapt lept saltar leap li:p leaped li:pt leaped li:pt saltar light lait lit lit lit lit encender -se light lait lighted laitid lighted laitid encender -se rid rid rid rid rid rid librar, librarse de seek si:k sought so:t sought so:t buscar shed Sed shed Sed shed Sed despojarse de (hojas) perder (peso) shrink SriNk shrank SrANk shrunk SrúNk encoger se slide slaid slid slid slid slid resbalar speed speed spi:d spi:d sped speeded sped spi:did sped speeded sped spi:did viajar a gran velocidad; superar los limites de velocidad spin spin spun spún spun spún hacer girar; hilar, spread spred spread spred spread spred extender -se spring sprin sprang spran sprung sprún saltar stride straid strode stroud stridden striden andar a zancadas
8 Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción. string strin strung strún strung strún encordar; ensartar strive straiv strove strouv striven striven esforzarse swear swee swore swo: sworn swo:n jurar, insultar sweep swi:p swept swept swept swept barrer swell swel swelled sweld swollen swolen hincharse, crecer swelled sweld (un río) swing swin swung swún swung swún balancear -se thrive raiv throve rouv thriven riven prosperar thrive raiv thrived raivd thrived raivd prosperar thrust rúst thrust rúst thrust rúst empujar con fuerza tread tred trod trod trod trodden trod troden pisar undertake undertook undertaken úndeteik úndetuk úndeteiken emprender (trabajo) weave wi:v wove wouv woven wouven tejer weep wi:p wept wept wept wept llorar wet wet wet wet wet wet mojar wet wet wetted wettid wetted wettid mojar wind waind wound waund wound waund enrollar wring wrin wrung wrún wrung wrún torcer
9 PHONETIC SYMBOLS = símbolos fonéticos ú sun sol = a A cat gato = un sonido entre la a y la e a: car coche = a larga E a boy un muchacho = sonido neutro e pen pluma = e corta i six seis = i corta i: tree árbol = i larga o not no = o corta o: short corto = o larga u put poner = u corta u: food comida = u larga : girl muchacha = sonido neutro largo ou go ir = sonido neutro, seguido de u j yes si = i marcada s books libros = s z zero cero = no existe en español T that aquél = d con la lengua entre los dientes. thing cosa = sonido obtenido soplando con la lengua entre los dientes. ts child niño = chi dz Jane --- = como en el nombre italiano Gina g good bueno = g como en la palabra gamba S fish pez = no existe en español N king rey = n como en la palabra Congo h house casa = h aspirada w whisky whisky - - - Z pleasure placer j como en la palabra francesa je : Los dos puntos indícan que el sonido vocálico es largo.