Transcripción

1 VERBOS IRREGULARES Los verbos regulares son los más comunes en inglés y tienen una característica fundamental que los distinguen del resto. Estos verbos forman el pasado y el participio añadiendo -ED. P.e. work-worked, pray-prayed. La dificultad de estos verbos estriba en la pronunciación de esos pasados y participio en -ED. Quizá sea conveniente advertir de principio que ninguno de esos pasados y participio se pronuncian /ed/, tienen tres posibles pronunciaciones dependiendo de la consonante que anteceda a la terminación -ED. Así: 1.- Si el verbo regular en infinitivo termina en consonante sorda (voiceless) como /c/-/h/-/k/- /p/-/r/-/w/-/v/, entonces el pasado y del participio de dicho verbo se pronunciará ( T). Por ejemplo: voiced /voist/ - worked /workt/ - stopped /stopt/ - remembered /ribémbert/- chewed /chiut/- moved /múut/ 2.- Si el verbo regular en infinitivo termina en consonante sonora (voiced) como por ejemplo: /n/ - /m/ - /l/, su pasado y del participio se pronunciará con el sonido (D) como en: cleaned /klind/ - killed /kild/ 3.- Por último si el verbo regular en infinitivo acaba en "t" o "d", la pronunciación del pasado y del participio será (id). P.e. painted /peintid/ o decided /disaidid/ Nota: Los verbos regulares que acaban en (-e), lógicamente no se le añaden -ED en pasado o en participio sino que sólo a añaden (-D), como en love-loved, smoke-smoked Los verbos en el participio pasado llevan delante la palabra have (ha) - has (ha)- had (había)- was (era) - were (estaba). Ejem: have arisen -was become. Presente Pretérito Participio pasado Significado ARISE AROSE ARISEN ELEVARSE AWAKE AWOKE AWAKED DESPERTARSE BE WAS/WERE BEEN SER O ESTAR BEAR BORE BORN(E) LLEVAR BEAT BEAT BEAT/BEATEN GOLPEAR BECOME BECAME BECOME LLEGAR A SER BEFALL BEFELL BEFALLEN SOBREVENIR BEGET BEGAT BEGOTTEN PRODUCIR BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN EMPEZAR BEHOLD BEHELD BEHELD CONTEMPLAR BEND BENT BENT DOBLAR BEREAVE BEREFT BEREFT AFLIGIR BEREAVE BEREAVED BEREAVED AFLIGIR BESET BESET BESET ACOSAR BET BET BET APOSTAR BID BADE BIDDEN ORDENAR BIND BOUND BOUND ATAR BITE BIT BITTEN MORDER BLEED BLED BLED SANGRAR BLOW BLEW BLOWN SOPLAR BREAK BROKE BROKEN ROMPER BREED BRED BRED CRIAR BRING BROUGHT BROUGHT TRAER BROADCAST BROADCAST BROADCAST DIFUNDIR BUILD BUILT BUILT CONSTRUIR BURN BURNT BURNT QUEMAR BURN BURNED BURNED QUEMAR BURST BURST BURST REVENTAR

2 BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT COMPRAR CAN COULD - PODER CAST CAST CAST LANZAR CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT COGER CHIDE CHIDED CHIDED REPRENDER CHIDE CHID CHIDDEN REPRENDER CHOOSE CHOSE CHOSEN ELEGIR CLEAVE CLEFT CLEFT RAJAR CLEAVE CLOVE CLOVEN TAJAR CLEAVE CLEAVED CLEAVED PARTIR CLING CLUNG CLUNG AGARRARSE CLOTHE CLOTHED CLOTHED VESTIR CLOTHE CLAD CLAD VESTIR COME CAME COME VENIR COST COST COST COSTAR CREEP CREPT CREPT ARRASTRARSE CROW CREW CROWED CACAREAR CROW CROWED CROWED CACAREAR CUT CUT CUT CORTAR DEAL DEALT DEALT TRATAR DIG DUG DUG CAVAR DIVE DIVED DIVED ZAMBULLIR DIVE DOVE DOVE ZAMBULLIR DO DID DONE DONE DRAW DREW DRAWN DIBUJAR DREAM DREAMT DREAMT SOÑAR DREAM DREAMED DREAMED SOÑAR DRINK DRANK DRUNK BEBER DRIVE DROVE DRIVEN CONDUCIR DWELL DWELLED DWELLED HABITAR DWELL DWELLED DWELT MORAR EAT ATE EATEN COMER FALL FELL FALLEN CAER FEED FED FED ALIMENTAR FEEL FELT FELT SENTIR FIGHT FOUGHT FOUGHT LUCHAR FIND FOUND FOUND ENCONTRAR FLEE FLED FLED HUIR FLING FLUNG FLUNG ARROJAR FLY FLEW FLOWN VOLAR FORBEAR FORBORE FORBORNE ABSTENER FORBID FORBADE FORBIDDEN PROHIBIR FORECAST FORECAST FORECAST PRONOSTICAR FOREGO FOREWENT FOREGONE ABSTENER DE FORESEE FORESAW FORESEEN PREVER FORETELL FORETOLD FORETOLD PREDECIR FORGET FORGOT FORGOTTEN OLVIDAR FORGIVE FORGAVE FORGIVEN PERDONAR FORSAKE FORSOOK FORSAKEN DESAMPARAR FREEZE FROZE FROZEN HELAR GET GOT GOT OBTENER GET GOT GOTTEN OBTENER GILD GILDED GILDED DORAR GILD GILDED GILT DORAR GIRD GIRDED GIRDED CEÑIR GIRD GIRDED GIRT CEÑIR GIVE GAVE GIVEN DAR GO WENT GONE IR GRIND GROUND GROUND MOLER GROW GREW GROWN CRECER HANG HUNG HUNG COLGAR HAVE HAD HAD HABER, TENER HAS HAD HAD HABER, TENER HEAR HEARD HEARD OÍR HEAVE HOVE HOVE ALZAR HEAVE HEAVED HEAVED LEVANTAR HEW HEWED HEWED TAJAR

3 HEW HEWED HEWN LABRAR HIDE HID HIDDEN ESCONDER HIT HIT HIT PEGAR HOLD HELD HELD SOSTENER HURT HURT HURT HERIR INLAY INLAID INLAID INCRUSTAR KEEP KEPT KEPT MANTENER KNEEL KNELT KNELT ARRODILLAR KNIT KNIT KNIT TEJER KNIT KNITTED KNITTED TEJER KNOW KNEW KNOWN SABER LAY LAID LAID COLOCAR LEAD LED LED DIRIGIR LEAN LEANT LEANT RECOSTAR LEAN LEANED LEANED RECOSTAR LEAP LEAPT LEAPT BRINCAR LEAP LEAPED LEAPED BRINCAR LEARN LEARNED LEARNED APRENDER LEARN LEARNT LEARNT APRENDER LEAVE LEFT LEFT DEJAR, IRSE LEND LENT LENT PRESTAR LET LET LET PERMITIR LIE LAY LAIN ACOSTARSE LIGHT LIT LIT ENCENDER LIGHT LIGHTED LIGHTED ENCENDER LOSE LOST LOST PERDER MAKE MADE MADE HACER MAY MIGHT - PODER MEAN MEANT MEANT SIGNIFICAR MEET MET MET REUNIRSE MISTAKE MISTOOK MISTAKEN EQUIVOCAR MOW MOWED MOWED SEGAR MOW MOWED MOWN SEGAR MUST - - DEBER OUGHT OUGHT - DEBER PAY PAID PAID PAGAR PROVE PROVED PROVEN DEMOSTRAR PUT PUT PUT PONER QUIT QUIT QUIT RENUNCIAR READ READ READ LEER REND RENT RENT DESGARRAR RID RID RÍD DESHACERSE RID RIDDED RIDDED DESHACERSE RIDE RODE RIDDEN MONTAR RING RANG RUNG LLAMAR RISE ROSE RISEN LEVANTARSE RUN RAN RUN CORRER SAW SAWED SAWED ASERRAR SAW SAWED SAWN ASERRAR SAY SAID SAID DECIR SEE SAW SEEN VER SEEK SOUGHT SOUGHT BUSCAR SELL SOLD SOLD VENDER SEND SENT SENT ENVIAR SET SET SET PONER SEW SEWED SEWED COSER SEW SEWED SEWN COSER SHAKE SHOOK SHAKEN SACUDIR SHALL SHOULD SHAVE SHAVED SHAVED AFEITAR SHAVE SHAVED SHAVEN AFEITAR SHEAR SHEARED SHEARED TRASQUILAR SHEAR SHEARED SHORN TRASQUILAR SHED SHED SHED ESPARCIR SHINE SHONE SHONE BRILLAR SHOE SHOD SHOD CALZAR SHOOT SHOT SHOT DISPARAR

4 SHOW SHOWED SHOWED MOSTRAR SHOW SHOWED SHOWN MOSTRAR SHRED SHRED SHRED ESPARCIR SHRED SHREDDED SHREDDED ESPARCIR SHRINK SHRANK SHRUNK ENCOGER SHRINK SHRUNK SHRUNKEN ENCOGER SHUT SHUT SHUT CERRAR SING SANG SUNG CANTAR SINK SANK SUNK HUNDIR SIT SAT SAT SENTAR SLAY SLEW SLAIN MASACRAR SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT DORMIR SLIDE SLID SLID DESLIZAR SLING SLUNG SLUNG TIRAR SLIT SLIT SLIT RAJAR SMELL SMELT SMELT OLER SMITE SMOTE SMITTEN AFLIGIR SOW SOWED SOWED SEMBRAR SOW SOWED SOWN SEMBRAR SPEAK SPOKE SPOKEN HABLAR SPEED SPED SPED ACELERAR SPEED SPEEDED SPEEDED ACELERAR SPELL SPELLED SPELLED DELETREAR SPELL SPELT SPELT DELETREAR SPEND SPENT SPENT GASTAR SPILL SPILT SPILT DERRAMAR SPIN SPUN SPUN GIRAR SPIT SPAT SPAT ESCUPIR SPLIT SPLIT SPLIT PARTIR SPOIL SPOILT SPOILT ESTROPEAR SPREAD SPREAD SPREAD EXTENDER SPRING SPRANG SPRUNG BROTAR STAND STOOD STOOD COLOCAR VERTICAL STEAL STOLE STOLEN ROBAR STICK STUCK STUCK ADHERIR(SE) STING STUNG STUNG PICAR STINK STANK STUNK APESTAR STRIDE STRODE STRIDDEN DAR ZANCADAS STRIKE STRUCK STRUCK GOLPEAR STRIKE STRUCK STRICKEN GOLPEAR STRING STRUNG STRUNG ENSARTAR STRIVE STROVE STRIVEN FORCEJEAR SWEAR SWORE SWORN JURAR SWEEP SWEPT SWEPT BARRER SWELL SWELLED SWELLED HINCHAR SWELL SWELLED SWOLLEN HINCHAR SWIM SWAM SWUM NADAR SWING SWUNG SWUNG BALANCEARSE TAKE TOOK TAKEN TOMAR TEACH TAUGHT TAUGHT ENSEÑAR TEAR TORE TORN RASGAR TELL TOLD TOLD DECIR THINK THOUGHT THOUGHT PENSAR THROW THREW THROWN LANZAR THRUST THRUST THRUST ENCAJAR TREAD TROD TRODDEN PISOTEAR UNDERSTAND UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD ENTENDER UNDO UNDID UNDONE DESHACER UNHOLD UNHELD UNHELD SOSTENER UPSET UPSET UPSET VOLCAR WAKE WOKE WOKEN DESPERTAR WAKE WAKED WAKED DESPERTAR WEAR WORE WORN LLEVAR, USAR WEAVE WOVE WOVEN TEJER WEEP WEPT WEPT LLORAR WET WET WET MOJAR WET WETTED WETTED MOJAR

5 WILL WOULD - AUX. FUTURO WIN WON WON GANAR WIND WOUND WOUND ENROLLAR WITHDRAW WITHDREW WITHDRAWN RETIRAR ($$$) WITHHOLD WITHHELD WITHHELD RETENER WITHSTAND WITHSTOOD WITHSTOOD RESISTIR WRING WRUNG WRUNG TORCER WRITE WROTE WRITTEN ESCRIBIR