Lengua adicional al español IV

Transcripción

1 Lengua adicional al español IV Topic 2 Careers and moves Introduction In this unit you will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of the various jobs and careers from the many that we know nowadays. You would increase your vocabulary because you will learn vocabulary about unusual jobs, strategies for keeping your job, and you will also learn some of the behavior you must have in the workplace. Improving your vocabulary since the first steps will let you to become informed. It will allow you to successfully express your ideas to others, and it can also improve your career approach.. 1

2 Introduction To enlarge your vocabulary it is necessary that you can handle suffixes which can give us a new word if they are added to a base word. By the end of the Unit you will be able to describe the personality of your parents, sister, brother, friend, boss or whomever you have to describe. For example you will be able to say: My best friend is Gerard, he is a wonderful person, he is fairly easygoing and he has a great sense of humor. He s totally reliable and down-to-earth, I always trust whatever he says. These are the kind of descriptions you will be able to do. In this unit as I told you before you will be learning and practicing vocabulary related with jobs. You will be learning: Use of gerund phrases Use of suffixes Use of comparatives. 2

3 Example: work working sleep sleeping eat eating put putting cut cutting Use of gerund phrases Gerunds in English are formed by adding ing to the verb. A gerund phrase obviously do not contain a verb, and they can be the subject or the object of a sentence, here are some examples: As subject: Working as an astronaut could be a very exciting and difficult job. Driving a bulldozer must be tiring. Drinking hot chocolate on a hot day is crazy.. 3

4 As object: I wouldn t like working as a waitress. Paul enjoys being an architect. Raul is good writing poems. Temo enjoys directing the program. I would love working for The United Nations. Pete is interested in sailing around the world Use of suffixes Suffixes are groups of letters attached to the base of a word, their grammatical function is to let us know if a word is a noun, verb, adjective or an adverb. It is important to say that they can modify and extend the meaning of a word.. 4

5 Here are some suffixes and their function. -er forms nouns, it is a person or thing that does something Verb noun example Make maker coffe maker Work worker good worker Law lawyer Paul is a lawyer -ful forms adjectives full of, having some or much of something Beauty beautiful she is so beautiful joy joyful thinking of you makes me joyful. -emia refers to poor blood condition anemia leukemia -ency condition or quality clement clemency depend dependency efficent efficiency. 5

6 Use of comparatives Comparatives are used to contrast or show the difference between two things, animals, people, etc. Here are some rules to make them. When you have one syllable adjective it is necessary to add the suffix er If the adjective ends in one vowel and one consonant, the consonant must be double. When the adjective has more than two syllables it must be used the word more Examples: One syllable old older Pat is older than me cheap cheaper A car is cheaper than a jet. warm warmer December was warmer than January. One Vowel and one consonant Double consonant big bigger Your car is bigger than mine hot hotter The coffee is hotter than the milk. thin thinner Rose is thinner than Joyce fat fatter I look fatter than my sister.. 6

7 If the adjective ends in one vowel and one consonant the consonant must be double. Example: One Vowel and one consonant Double consonant big bigger Your car is bigger than mine. hot hotter The coffee is hotter than the milk. thin thinner Rose is thinner than Joyce. fat fatter I look fatter than my sister. Adjective with two or more syllables are followed by the word more: famous more famous Bose is more famous than Mijares expensive more expensive A plane ticket is more expensive than a bus ticket. interesting more interesting For me languages are more interesting than computing. 7

8 Less is the opposite of more. Less can go with two or more syllables adjectives. Example: Being a biologist is not as interesting as being musician. Or you can say Being a biologist is less interesting than being a musician. An interior decorator doesn t work as much as a taxi driver. An interior decorator works less than a taxi driver. When we want to compare two things that are equal we use as..as Example: John is 18 years old and Mary is 18 years old too. John is as old as Mary. Paul is 19 years old Mark is 22 years old. Paul isn t as old as Mark Paul is younger.. 8

9 This box weights 5 pounds. That sack weights 5 pounds too. The box is as heavy as the sack. Letty works 10 hours and Raul works 10 hours too. Letty works as much as Raul. My house has two bedrooms. His house has two bedrooms. My house is as big as his. Closing Up to here you have learnt how to make comparisons. Now you have more vocabulary to say why or why not you like something or a person. All this has been taught through the use of gerunds, suffixes and the use comparatives. After learning this socializing vocabulary get ready to learn vocabulary needed in a work environment and how to address people with respect.. 9

10 Bibliography HullJ. y Proctor S. (2005) Interchange 3 (3ra ed) Estados Unidos: Cambridge University Press. To improve the use of comparatives you may work the exercises in these links: Here you ll find a list of verbs that only take gerunds: Credits Content design: Lic. Blanca Lilia Atayde Luna MANM Academic Coordinator: Lic. Jessica Patricia Garza Macías Content edition: Lic. Ann Elisabeth Mancillas Hinojosa, MAD Graphic design: Tecnología educativa Universidad Virtual, ITESM. 10