UNIDAD 3: It s always present

Transcripción

1 LICEO INDUSTRIAL DE SAN MIGUEL AGUSTIN EDWARDS ROSS DEPARTAMENTO PEDAGOGICO ENGLISH DEPARTMENT Profesoras:Doris Arratia-Ana Navarro GUIAS Y APUNTES EXAMEN FINAL INGLES 4 MEDIOS 2011 UNIDAD 3: It s always present Simple Present, Present Continuous, and Present Perfect 1.- Present Continuos-Presente continuo o Progresivo Se usa el Presente Continuo para hablar de cosas que están sucediendo ahora, o para cosas que son temporales. Example: I am not working now. I am on holiday. Sally is listening to a new CD. Who are you phoning? Observe la conjugación del tiempo Present Continuos en la siguiente tabla: Affirmative Sentences Subject + Be + VerbING + Complement I am You are listening to music now. He/ She/ It is We/ You/ They are Negative Sentences Subject + Be + NOT + VerbING + Complement I am not You are not listening to music now. He/ She/ It is not We/ You/ They are not Contractions I am = I m You are = you re He is = He s We are = We re They are = They re Contractions I am not = I m not You are not = You aren t/ You re not. He is not= He isn t / He s not. We are not = We aren t / We re not They are not = They aren t/ They re not. Yes/ No Questions Be + Subject + VerbING+ Complement? Am I -Yes, you are Are you listening to music now? - No, I m not Is he/she/it - Yes, she is Are we/you/they - No, we aren t. Wh- Questions Wh- + Be + Subject + VerbING + Complement? What am I listening to? - Daddy Yanky s music Where are you going? - To the supermarket Who is he talking to? - To his girlfriend When is she coming? - In September Affirmative and Negative Answers Am I..? Yes, you are / No, you aren t Are you? Yes, I am / No, I m not Yes, we are / No, we aren t Is he..? Yes, he is / No, he isn t Are they? Yes, they are/ No, they aren t.

2 The Present Continuous and Present Simple Tenses Como se dijo anteriormente, se usa el Presente Continuo para hablar de cosas que están sucediendo ahora, o para cosas que son temporales. Temporary (now, around now) actions I work as an accountant. John doesn't know German. How often do you play tennis? Se usa el Presente Simple para describir cosas usuales, repetidas y permanentes. Suele usarse con palabras tales como, always, usually, often, sometimes, never. Permanent (usual) I work as an accountant. John doesn't know German. How often do you play tennis? Comparemos como son usados estos dos tiempos. Why are you walking to work? Don't you usually go by bus? I live in Kharkiv, but now I am living in Moscow. Usually we have dinner at 7, but today we are having it at 9. ENTONCES COMO ENTENDEMOS EL PRESENTE SIMPLE??? PON ATENCION!! 2.- Simple Present tense- Presente simple. Este es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para expresar acciones que tienen lugar en el presente y con una frecuencia determinada, es decir, cada día, cada mañana, etc. Ej: John washes the dishes every day. (John lava los platos cada día). Cuando hacemos uso de la tercera persona (he, she, it) al verbo se le debe agregar una s, es, ies según corresponda la terminación del verbo y sólo se debe hacer en oraciones de tipo afirmativo. Forma negativa del Simple Present: Sujeto+Do not o don't/does not o doesn't +verbo de la acción en infinitivo+ complementos. Ej: John does not/doesn't wash the dishes every day.

3 Forma interrogativa del Simple Present: Do/does+ sujeto+ verbo de la acción en infinitivo+ Complementos. Ej: Does John wash the dishes every day? Para la negación y la interrogación de las frases con este tiempo verbal, necesitamos el verbo auxiliar (to) do. Short answer: La usamos con la ayuda del auxiliar do/does, don t/doesn t para decir si hacemos algo o no. EJ: Do you work on Sundays? Yes, I do / No, I don t Does the teacher speak in English? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn t Ahora nos queda repasar el tiempo Presente Perfecto 3.- Present Perfect tense- Pretérito Perfecto: Es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para expresar acciones que han tenido lugar en el pasado, pero en un pasado muy reciente. Este tiempo verbal se forma con el presente del verbo (to) have, has o have+el participio del verbo de la acción: Regular (Infinitivo+ed) o Irregular (tercera columna de la lista de verbos irregulares). Ej: John has washed the dishes this morning. (John ha lavado los platos esta mañana). Forma negativa del Present Perfect Tense: Sujeto+ has not o hasn't /have not o haven't + Verbo de la acción en participio+ Complementos. Ej: John has not/ hasn't washed the dishes this morning. Forma interrogativa del Present Perfect Tense: Has/Have+ Sujeto+ Verbo de la acción en participio+ Complementos. Ej.: Has John washed the dishes this morning? Have you ever travelled to the south of Chile? Short Answer: Have you finished your exercises? Yes, I have. / No, I haven t. Has Peter finished his test? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn t. RECORDANDO VERBOS...

4 REGULAR VERBS Son aquellos verbos a los que agregamos la terminación ed(-d, -ed, ied,) para formar el pasado y el pasado participio. Examples: Infinitive Past Past Participle Meaning Dance danced danced Bailar Finish finished finished Terminar Listen listened listened Escuchar Play played played Jugar Stop stopped stopped Detener Study studied studied Estudiar IRREGULAR VERBS Son aquellos verbos que no siguen ninguna regla, y por lo tanto, son llamados verbos irregulares. Examples: Infinitive Past Past Participle Meaning Be Was/were been Ser o estar Do did done Hacer Feel felt felt Sentir Make made made Hacer/ Fabricar Write wrote written Escribir En este enlace encontrarás un listado más completo de ambos tipos de verbos: Debes usar la versión ORIGINAL que está en la parte superior de la ventana para verlos en inglés. Este enlace te llevará a un diccionario por si necesitas revisar algún significado. ATTENTION!!!! Realiza TODAS las actividades porque LUEGO enviaremos guías tipo pruebas que DEBERÁS REENVIAR para ser revisadas. So It s time to work!!!! (A trabajar!!) Si tienes alguna duda en algún ejercicio ya conoces nuestro mail. GOOD LUCK!!!

5 EJERCICIOS COMBINADOS DE TIEMPOS PRESENTES Realiza los siguientes ejercicios. Fíjate en los ejemplos I Write if the sentences are in Simple Present, Present Continuous or Present Perfect The baby is crying a lot. Present Continuous 2. - We haven t gone to bed early lately. Present Perfect 3. - They go to the park on Saturdays. Simple Present 4. - The students are taking an exam now Rodrigo plays soccer very well. 6. The students are studying French My sister has gone to school I watch TV every day You don t get up at 5:00 a.m. 10. Tom doesn t get up at 5:00 a.m The baby has cried a lot lately The students take an exam every month They are going to the park now We haven t gone to bed early lately Rodrigo is playing soccer very well The students have studied French My sister has gone to school My father watches TV every day. III What are they doing? Use the pictures to help you describe. 1.- The woman is playing tennis in this moment

6 De acuerdo con los elementos dados, marque la alternativa con la oración correcta en PRESENTE PERFECTO 1. - He not do a lot of research in the last few years. A. He not done a lot of research in the last few years. B. He hasn t did a lot of research in the last few years. C. He haven t done a lot of research in the last few years. D. He hasn t done a lot of research in the last few years. E. He didn t done a lot of research in the last few years The policemen find copies of national exams in their houses. A. The policemen have found copies of national exams in their houses. B. The policemen has found copies of national exams in their houses. C. The policemen found copies of national exams in their houses. D. The policemen did find copies of national exams in their houses. E. The policemen has find copies of national exams in their houses García Marquez - write fiction for over 50 years. A. García Marquez written fiction for over 50 years. B. García Marquez has written fiction for over 50 years. C. García Marquez have wrote fiction for over 50 years. D. García Marquez have written fiction for over 50 years. E. García Marquez has wrote fiction for over 50 years Mr. And Mrs. Spencer meet - at the same restaurant for years. A. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer has meet at the same restaurant for years. B. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have meet at the same restaurant for years. C. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer met at the same restaurant for years. D. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer has met at the same restaurant for years. E. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have met at the same restaurant for years. ORDENA LAS SIGUIENTES PALABRAS Y ESCRIBE FRASES CORRECTAS EN PRESENTE PERFECTO. 1.- the picture / fall / down 2.- it / stop / raining

7 3.- you / sleep / in a park /? 4.- my family / not visit / me / at the hospital 5.- she / write / ten books /? 6.-she / close / the door 7.- you / have / a bath 8.- they / not go / to bed 9.- Tony / clean / his shoes /? SHORT ANSWERS EXERCISES I Instrucciones: Marque la alternativa correcta como respuesta corta de cada pregunta. 1.- Is Marta having a shower? A. Yes, they are. B. No, she isn t C. No, he isn t D. Yes, it is. E. No, it isn t. 2.- Are you and your family watching TV? A. Yes, they are. B. No, they aren t. C. No, I m not. D. Yes, we are. E. Yes, you are. 3.- Are Claudia and Thomas riding a bike? A. Yes, they are. B. No, we aren t. C. No, I m not. D. Yes, we are. E. No, she isn t. 4.- Is Richard writing a letter? A. Yes, she is. B. Yes, it is. C. Yes, you are. D. Yes, I am. E. Yes, he is.

8 II. Este ejercicio se encuentra en el siguiente link: Puedes hacerlo directamente y corregirte de inmediato. No olvides usar la versión original. Give a short answer to the sentences in the present perfect Gap-fill exercise 1. That man has just missed his train, hasn t he? No,! 2. We ve already heard the news, haven t we? Yes,. 3. I ve known him for ages, haven t I? Yes,. 4. She hasn t called since Christmas, has she? Yes,! 5. They ve often come to my shop, haven t they? No,! 6. She s bumped into a lamppost, hasn t she? Yes,. 7. He s seen a mouse in the kitchen, hasn t he? No,! 8. She s finished her homework, hasn t she? Yes,. 9. You ve been to the toilet, haven t you? No,! 10. She s brought an umbrella, hasn t she? Yes,.