LABORATORIO Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum CRUSTACEA

Transcripción

1 LABORATORIO Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum CRUSTACEA EJERCICIO 14

2 Goals for today Learn to recognized the Phylum ARTHROPODA from other animals Learn the main diagnos>c characteris>cs of both the phylum and subphylum CRUSTACEA Learn about some species biology

3 Phylum Arthropoda Arthropods with tardigrades and onychophores belong to the clade Ecdysozoa Key characterisccs of the phylum: Coelomates Triploblas>c Bilateral symmetry Cephaliza>on Protostomates Metamerism= fusion of segments into tagmata Belong to phylogene>c clade: Ecdysozoa Ecdysis Complete diges>ve system Joined appendages Exoskeleton or cu>cle of chi>n Efficient tracheal system Hemolymph

4 Crustaceans includes crabs, shrimps, lobsters, etc Subfilum Crustacea Key characterisccs of the phylum: * Head (cephalon) with 5 pairs of appendages; including 2 pairs of antennae * Trunk usually divided into thorax and abdomen * Appendages mostly biramous * Have compound eyes (oqen on stalks) and ocelli * Predominantly marine; some fresh water or terrestrial * Unique nauplius larva * Taxonomic note: Crustacea is likely paraphyle>c

5 Crustacea: Your Tasks Exercise 14: Phylum:Arthropoda Subphylum Crustacea Clase Malacostraca, Orden Decapoda Genus: Cambarus (Crayfish lobster) Crayfish are found in freshwater streams and ponds worldwide. Are omnivorous. Introduced crayfish are known to harm biological communities. * Shrimp, crabs, lobsters, crayfish * One pair of anterior clawed appendages * Carapace well developed * Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial (few)

6 1. Observe anatomia externa Crustacea: Crayfish How do these animals grow? How many tagmata can you recognize?

7

8

9

10

11

12 1. Observe anatomia externa Crustacea: Crayfish Use figure 14.5 to distinguish some of the appendages

13

14

15

16 Crustacea: crabs Exercise 14: Phylum:Arthropoda Subphylum Crustacea Clase Malacostraca, Orden Decapoda Crabs * Male female

17 Crustacea 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Malacostraca, Orden Amphipoda Genus: Gammarus * Scuds * Carapace absent * Laterally compressed * Humpbacked appearance * Marine and fresh water (some semiterrestrial)

18 Crustacea: Brine shrimps 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Branchiopoda, Orden Anostraca Genus: Artemia * Fairy & brine shrimp * Numerous (up to 19) swimming appendages * Lack a carapace * Many in hypersaline environments or vernal pools

19 Crustacea: fairy shrimp 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Branchiopoda, Orden Anostraca Genus: Eubranchipus

20 Crustacea: water fleas 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Branchiopoda, Orden Cladocera Genus: Daphnia * Water Fleas * Large folded carapace is not hinged * Body segmentation reduced * Use enlarged antennae for locomotion * Large central compound eye

21 Crustacea 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Maxillopoda, Orden Ostracoda Genus: Cypris Ostracodo * Almost completely enclosed within hinged, bivalved carapace * Overall seed or bean-shaped appearance * No more than 2 pairs of post-cephalic appendages * Most are tiny (<2 mm)

22 Crustacea Exercise 14: 1. Diseccion: Phylum:Arthropoda observe la anatomia Subphylum interna, recuerde Crustacea que su diseccion es evaluada por su instructor. Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Maxillopoda, Orden Copepoda Genus: Cyclops * Lack carapace, but have cephalic shield * Small (<2 mm) * Single median eye * 6 thoracic and 5 abdominal segments * No abdominal appendages or gills * Mostly marine, planktonic drifters

23 Crustacea 1. Exercise Diseccion: 14: observe la anatomia interna, recuerde que su diseccion Phylum:Arthropoda es evaluada por su Subphylum instructor. Crustacea Haga un buen trabajo. Clase Maxillopoda, Orden Cirripedia * Sessile; attach to various surfaces as adults * Attach with ventral surface up * Most secrete thick calcium carbonate shell * Head reduced; abdomen absent * Thoracic legs modified for suspension feeding (cirri) * Some species are parasitic

24 zoea nauplius Megalops-crab