Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco.

Transcripción

1 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad ochimilco. Calzada del Hueso No Colonia Villa Quietud. México, 04960, D.F. Departamento El Hombre y su Ambiente. Laboratorio: Producción de Alimento Vivo para la Acuicultura. Tel.. (52) Fax: (52( 52) )

2 Participants of the project and field study: PhD. Thalía Castro Barrera Responsible of the Project. Ecological studies of natural populations. Biol. Jorge Castro Mejía Morphometrical, reproduction and isolation studies with Artemia, Artemia culture in natural habitats. Cladoceran, Copepods and Tenebrios culture.

3 Participants of the project and field study: Biol. Germán Castro Mejía Inoculations of new populations. Artemia culture in natural habitats. Microalgal, Cladoceran, Copepods and Tenebrios culture. Biol. Aida Malpica Sánchez Extraction of total lipids. Fatty acids and Aminoacids analisys.

4 Participants of the project and field study: Biol. Ramón de Lara Andrade Ecological field studies with Artemia and Panagrellus culture. Ag. Ing. Benjamín Miramontes Flores Soil and water ion and cation analisys

5 Participants of the project and field study: Ph.D. Horacio Sandoval Trujillo Responsible of the Biochemical analisys. Ph.D. Francisco Correa Sandoval (UABC). Responsible of genetic studies with Artemia.

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7 Ionic water composition of natural Artemia habitats. Name Cl (Mg/l) SO4 (mg/l) HC03 (mg/l) CO3 (mg/l) Na (mg/l) K (mg/l) Ca (mg/l) Mg (mg/l) Cuatro Cienegas de Carranza Bahía de Ceuta Salinas de Hidalgo Real de las Salinas Texcoco

8 Name Origin Seasonal Biotope La Salina San Jose Athalasohaline Temporal Puddle Project: Artemia biodiversity Cuatro Cienegas de Carranza Guerrero Negro Isla del Carmen Salina Tres Hermanos Athalasohaline Temporal Puddle Lagoon, saline Bahía de Ohuira Lagoon Pichilingue Temporal Bahía de Ceuta Lagoon, saline El Barranco (Altamira) Lagoon, saline Salinas de Hidalgo Athalasohaline San Crisanto Real de las Salinas Lagoon, saline Celestúm Lagoon, saline Texcoco Athalasohaline Las Coloradas Athalasohaline Sistema lagunar de: Laguna del mar Muerto Lagoon

9 Name Full cyst diameter Decapsulated cyst diameter Nauplii size Real de las Salinas Texcoco Bahía de Ceuta Sistema Lagunario Mar Muerto Cuatro Cienegas De Carranza Celestún Las Coloradas San José El Barranco Yavaros Pichilingue San Crisanto Las Salinas Bahia de ohuira Guerrero Negro

10 Name Type of reproduction Morphometry Electrophoresis Cromosomes Interbreeding Cysts Nauplii Real de las salinas Texcoco Bahía de Ceuta Sistema Lagunario Mar Muerto Cuatro Cienegas Celestún Las Coloradas San José El Barranco Yavaros Pichilingue San Crisanto Las Salinas Bahía de Ohuira Guerrero Negro

11 Analytic methods Protein determination. The method applied is macro-kjedhal which is recommended by A.O.A.C. (1997), using 9.0 g dry weight of cysts, nauplii or adults. Determination of total carbohydrates. Dubois (1956) technique is used. Samples of 1.0 mg dry weight of cysts, nauplii and adults, were introduced in tubes of glass of 3.5 x 200 mm, and added 1 ml of phenol (5%) and 5 ml of sulfuric acid. The concentration of total carbohydrates was determined with photocolorimeter Spectronic 20D at 500 nm. The solution pattern used was sucrose.

12 Analytic methods Total lipids analysis. They were determined by the Technique of Soxhlet (Rubinson and Rubinson, 1998), using 100 mg dry weight of cysts, nauplii or adults. The samples were washed with 20 ml of hexane, chloroform and acetone during 2 hours. After, the samples were placed in a dry container with silica gel during 10 hours. Then were weight and applied an equation to determined the percentage of total lipid. % of total lipids = Weigh of the final sample 100/initial weight

13 Analytic methods Project: Artemia biodiversity Determination of aminoacids The liquid chromatography of high pressure was used with a cation exchanged resin (Beckman, 1985), using 2.0 g dry weight of cysts, nauplii or adults of each sample. An automatic analyzer (Beckman System Gold 6300) was used. Determination of essential fatty acids. The lipids were extracted by the Technique of Soxhlet and then the esterfication of the fatty acids were with sulfuric acid (to 6% in methanol), at temperature of 85 C. After 1.5 ml of distilled water and 2.0 ml of hexane were added. Two layers are formed and from the upper layer 1 microliter is extracted and injected in a gas chromatography (Perkin Elmer Autosystem 9000), with a polar column (Restek Stabilwax 30m0.53mm0.50 m), with polietilenglicol phase.

14 Determination of ionic composition of soil and water Spectrophotometry (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer SpetrAA Variant). To determine: Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Al. UV Spectrophotometer (Shimatzu 205), to determined: NH 4+, NO 3, NO 2 and Phosphate.