Sincronización de celos y ovulaciones 189 SINCRONIZACIÓN DE CELOS Y OVULACIONES EN EL GANADO BOVINO

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1 Sincronización de celos y ovulaciones 189 SINCRONIZACIÓN DE CELOS Y OVULACIONES EN EL GANADO BOVINO Gabriel A Bó & Santiago Callejas Introducción Desde el descubrimiento de las hormonas de la reproducción, el hombre ha pretendido controlar la actividad reproductiva. La utilización de la ultrasonografía para estudiar el efecto de distintos tratamientos hormonales sobre la dinámica folicular en el bovino llevó al desarrollo de protocolos que permiten manipular eficientemente el ciclo estral y la ovulación. Existen hoy numerosos protocolos de sincronización de celos y ovulaciones y cada uno de ellos tiene sus ventajas y desventajas. Es por esto que se debe tener un conocimiento profundo de la fisiología reproductiva del bovino para determinar cuál es el método más adecuado para los distintos ambientes y animales con los que debe trabajar. El presente capitulo tiene por objeto realizar una descripción de los tratamientos disponibles para sincronizar los celos y la ovulación en el ganado bovino.

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4 192 Bó & Callejas Cooper MJ (1974) Control of oestrous cycles of heifers with a synthetic prostaglandin analogue Vet Rec 95, Cooper MJ (1976) The use of cloprostenol ("Estrumate") in the controlled breeding of cattle - An assessment of European field trials Proceedings of a Symposium Oestrus Synchronisation in Cattle, Editors: Nancarrow CD, Cox RI, Cooper MJ, EA Rowson (1975) Control of the oestrous cycle in Friesian heifers with ICI 80,996 Ann Biol Anim Bioch Biophys 15, Cumming LJ, Knee B, Cumming IA, Lawson RAS, JK Findlay (1976) Evaluation of fertility following the use of the prostaglandin F2α analogue (Cloprostenol, ICI) in Victorian Herds Proceedings of a Simposium Oestrus Synchronisation in cattle. Editors: Nancarrow CD, Cox RI, Cutaia L, Moreno D, Villata ML, GA Bó (2001) Synchrony of ovulation in beef cows treated with progesterone vaginal devices and estradiol benzoate administered at device removal or 24 hours later. Theriogenology 55, 408 Cutaia L, Tríbulo R, Moreno D, GA Bó (2003a) Pregnancy rates in lactating beef cows treated with progesterone releasing devices, estradiol benzoate and equine chorionic gonadotropin (ecg). Theriogenology 59, 216 Cutaia L, Veneranda G, Tribulo R, Baruselli PS, GA Bó (2003b) Programas de Inseminación Artificial a Tiempo Fijo en Rodeos de Cría: Factores que lo Afectan y Resultados Productivos. V Simposio Internacional de Reproducción Animal, Huerta Grande, Córdoba, Cutaia L, Alisio L, Bertero F, Aviles M, GA Bó (2005) Tasas de preñez en vacas y vaquillonas sincronizadas con DIB y benzoato de estradiol en el momento del retiro del dispositivo o 24h más tarde. VI Simposio Internacional de Reproducción Animal, Córdoba, Argentina, 395 De la Sota RL, Risco C, Moreira F, WW Thatcher (1998) Efficacy of a timed insemination program in lactating dairy cows during summer heat strees Theriogenology 49, Ferguson JD, Galligan DR (1983) Prostaglandin synchronization programs in Dairy Herds. Part I, Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 15, Fernandez Francia G, Lares S, Formía N, Giovaninni R, Videla Dorna I, L de la Sota (2005) Eficacia de la utilización de benzoato de estradiol aplicado a las 0 ó 24 horas del retiro de un dispositivo intravaginal con progesterona sobre la tasa de preñez en vaquillonas para leche VI Simposio Internacional de Reproducción Animal, Córdoba, Argentina, 401 Folman Y, Kaim M, Herz Z, M Rosenberg (1990) Comparison of methods for the synchronization of estrous cycles in dairy cows Effects of progesterone and parity on conception J Dairy Sci 73, Fortín M (1989) Sincronización de celos en bovinos con prostaglandinas Aspectos prácticos CABIA 15, Geary TW, Whittier JC, Hallford DM, MD MacNeil (2001) Calf removal improves conception rates to the Ovsynch and Co-synch protocols J Anim Sci 79, 1-4. Ginther OJ, Wiltbank MC, Fricke PM, Gibbons JR, K Kot (1996) Selection of the dominant follicle in cattle. Biol Reprod 55, Gumen AJ, Guenther M, MC Wiltbank (2003) Follicular size and response to Ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows J Dairy Sci 86, Hanlon DW, Williamson NB, Wichtel JJ, Steffert IJ, Craigie AL, DU Pfeiffer (1997) Ovulatory responses and plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in dairy heifers after treatment with exogenous progesterone and estradiol benzoate Theriogenology 47, Kastelic JP, OJ Ginther (1991) Factors affecting the origin of the ovulatory follicle in heifers with induced luteolysis. Anim Reprod Sci 26,13-24 Lamb GC, Stevenson JS, Kesler DJ, Garverick HA, Brown DR, Salfen BE (2001) Inclusion of an intravaginal progesterone insert plus GnRH and prostaglandin F2α for ovulation control in postpartum suckled beef cows. J Anim Sci 79, Lauderdale JW (1975) The use of prostaglandins in cattle Ann Biol Anim Bioch Biophys 15, Macmillan KL, WW Thatcher (1991) Effects of an agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on ovarian follicles in cattle. Biol Reprod 45, Macmillan KL, Colson DD, VM Eagles (1999) Modifications to improve whole herd synchrony programs in seasonal dairy herds. Proc Australian Assoc of Cattle Vet, Macmillan KL, AJ Peterson (1993) A new intravaginal progesterone releasing device for cattle (CIDR- B) for estrus synchronization, increasing pregnancy rates and the treatment of post-partum anestrus. Anim Reprod Sci 33, 1-25

5 Sincronización de celos y ovulaciones 193 Martínez MF, Adams GP, Bergfelt DR, Kastelic JP, RJ Mapletoft (1999) Effect of LH or GnRH on the dominant follicle of the first follicular wave in beef heifers Anim Reprod Sci 57, Martínez MF, Kastelic JP, Adams GP, Cook B, Olson WO, RJ Mapletoft (2002) The use of progestins for fixed-timed artificial insemination in beef cattle. Theriogenology 57, Momont HW, BE Seguin (1984) Influence of the day of estrous cycle on response to PGF 2 α products: Implications for AI programs for dairy cattle 10th International Congress on Animal Reproduction 3, 336 Moreira F, De La Sota RL, Diaz T, WW Thatcher (2000) Effect of day of the estrous cycle at the initiation of a timed artificial insemination protocol on reproductive responses in dairy heifers J Anim Sci 78, Moreira F, Orlandi C, Risco CA, Mattos R, Lopes F, WW Thatcher (2001) Effects of presynchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows J Dairy Sci 84, Murphy BD, D Martinuk (1991) Equine Chrorionic Gonadotropin Endocrine Reviews 12, Nebel RL, SM Jobst (1998) Evaluation of Systematic Breeding Programs for Lactating Dairy Cows: A Review J Dairy Sci 81, Odde KG (1990) A review of synchronization of estrus in postpartum cattle J Anim Sci 68, Pratt SL, Spitzer JC, Burns GL, BB Plyer (1991) Luteal function, estrus response and pregnancy rate after treatment with norgestomet and various dosages of estradiol valerate in suckled cows J Anim Sci 69, Pursley JR, Mee MO, MC Wiltbank (1995) Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2α and GnRH. Theriogenology 44, Pursley JR, Wiltbank MC, Stevenson JS, Ottobre JS, Garverick HA, LL Anderson (1997) Pregnancy rates per artificial insemination for cows and heifers inseminated at a synchronized ovulation or synchronized estrus J Dairy Sci 80, Pursley JR, Fricke PM, Garverick HA, Kesler DJ, Ottobre JS, Stevenson JS, MC Wiltbank (2001) NC- 113 Regional Research Project Improved fertility in noncycling lactating dairy cows treated with exogenous progesterone during Ovsynch Midwest Branch ADSA 2001 Meeting, Des Moines IA, 63 Revah I, Buttler WR (1996) Prolonged dominance of follicles and reduced viability of bovine oocytes. J Reprod Fertil 106, Ross PJ, Aller JF, Callejas SS, Butler H, RH Alberio (2004) Estradiol benzoate given 0 or 24 h after the end of a progestagen treatment in postpartum suckled beef cows Theriogenology 62, Sorroarain N, Vaca RJA, Fernández Francia MG, Lares SF, de La Sota RL, A Baldo (2005) eficiencia de la utilización de benzoato de estradiol a las 0 ó 24 horas del retirado el dispositivo intravaginal con progesterona para inducir la ovulación en vacas multíparas para carne VI Simposio Internacional de Reproducción Animal, Córdoba, Argentina, 425 Stevenson JS, Kobayashi Y, KE Thompson (1999) Reproductive performance of dairy cows in various programmed breeding systems including Ovsynch and combinations of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Prostaglandin F2α J Dairy Sci 82, Stock AE, Fortune JE (1993) Ovarian follicular dominance in cattle: relationship between prolonged growth of the ovulatory follicle and endocrine parameters. Endocrinology 132, Thatcher WW, Moreira F, Santos JEP, Mattos RC, Lopez FL, Pancarci SM, Risco CA (2001) Effects of hormonal treatments on reproductive performance and embryo production. Theriogenology 55, Thatcher WW, Bilby TR, Bartolome JA, Silvestre F, Staples CR, Santos JEP (2006) Strategies for improving fertility in the modern dairy cow Theriogenology 65, Torquati O, Barragán M, R Alberio (1983) Uso del cloprostenol para sincronización de celo en cría cormercial de bovinos Prod Anim 10, Twagiramungu H, Guibault L, Dufour J (1995) Synchronization of ovarian follicular waves with a Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone agonist to increase the precision of estrus in cattle: A review J Anim Sci 73, Vasconcelos JLM, Silcox RW, Rosa GJ, Pursley JR, MC Wiltbank (1999) Synchronization rate, size of the ovulatory follicle, and pregnancy rate after synchronization of ovulation beginning on different days of the estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows Theriogenology 52,

6 194 Bó & Callejas Veneranda G, Filippi L, Racca D, Romero G, Balla E, Cutaia L, GA Bo (2006) Pregnancy rates in dairy cows treated with intravaginal progesterone devices and different fixed-time AI protocols. Reprod Fert Devel 18,118 Wiltbank JN, Zimmerman DR, Ingalls JE, WW Rowden (1965) Use of progestational compounds alone or in combination with estrogen for synchronization of estrus J Anim Sci 24, Xu Z, Garverick HA, Smith GW, Smith MF, Hamilton SA, RS Youngquist (1995) Expression of folliclestimulationg hormone and luteinizing hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acids in bovine follicles during the first follicular wave Biol Reprod 53, Yavas Y, JS Walton (2000) Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows: a review Theriogenology 54, 25-55

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