Maria G. Moreno Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM)

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1 Maria G. Moreno Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM)

2 Hay mas gente en movimiento hoy que en cualquier otro tiempo en la hisoria. 740 million internal migrants (UNDP) 235 million international migrants (World Bank; UNDESA) 405 million international migrants (World Bank)

migrants are women Many million more are affected by migration

3 Urbanizacion Feminizacion 50+% de la pob. mundial vive en zonas urbanas por 1 vez en la historia 50% of migrants are women Many million more are affected by migration Migrants family members left behind Those who receive indispensable services and support

4 El impacto de las remesas en el mundo es enorme: el BM estima que alrededor de USD 582 billones en 2014 Projected to raise to 515 billion by end of Migrants remittances are several times greater than foreign assistance and roughly equivalent to the total of Direct Foreign Investment (DFI).

5 1. DEMOGRAFIA: Poblaciones envejeciendo en el Norte; explosion de jovenes y estancamiento en creacion de empleos en el Sur. 2. DEMANDA escasez de mano de obra en los países desarrollados vs. mano de obra excedente en los países en desarrollo; masivo desempleo de jovenes. 3. DISPARIDADES entre el Norte y el Sur (economic, social) 4. DISTANCIAS acortadas por tecnologia 5. REVOLUCION DIGITAL y su efecto en la movilidad 6. DESASTRES NATURALES Y DESASTRES OCASIONADOS POR EL HOMBRE conflictos, guerras, etc 7. DEGRADACION de la tierra, cambio climatico, medio ambiente. 8. SUENO DE UNA VIDA CON DIGNIDAD Y PROSPERIDAD

6 Migration is a key issue for this hemisphere: With only some 7.2% of the total global population (over 550 million inhabitants in 2014), the region of North America, Central America and the Caribbean host about 25% of all migrants in the world, and experiences unique migratory flows. Currently, almost 15% of the population of North America is foreign born. 72% of all migrants born in LAC reside in North America, the vast majority of which are from Mexico and Central America. In the United States, 5.5m are LAC youth (ages 15-29) which represents over 25% of all immigrants from the region.

7 Se registra un avance significativo en el reconocimiento de la relevancia de la migración para los tres pilares del desarrollo sostenible: económico, social y ambiental. Este reconocimiento ha sido expresamente registrado e impulsado por los países de la región en diversos foros tanto globales como regionales, incluyendo el Diálogo de Alto Nivel sobre Migración Internacional y Desarrollo, el Foro Global sobre Migración y Desarrollo, la Reunión sobre Migraciones de la CELAC, la Conferencia Sudamericana sobre Migraciones y la Conferencia Regional sobre Migración y OEA entre otras.

8 Reducir los costos asociados a los procesos migratorios. Facilitar el flujo de remesas. Mejorar la educación financiera de los hogares receptores de remesas. Facilitar la inversión de las diásporas en el desarrollo de las comunidades de origen. Aumentar el número de migrantes beneficiarios de acuerdos de portabilidad de prestaciones sociales. Aumentar y mejorar los acuerdos de reconocimiento de conocimientos y capacidades de los migrantes.

9 Alcanzar la cobertura universal de salud para los migrantes Favorecer el acceso a la educación y la formación para el trabajo a los migrantes Establecer medidas específicas de protección social para migrantes. Asegurar el trabajo digno para los migrantes Reducir los costos de reclutamiento de migrantes y limitar que el pago de estos recaiga en el migrante trabajador Establecer sistemas que garanticen el reclutamiento ético de migrantes trabajadores Prevenir y combatir la trata de personas

10 Asegurar la disponibilidad de opciones seguras para la movilidad de poblaciones en riesgo de desastres. Establecer programas que promuevan la construcción de resiliencia y la estabilización comunitaria. Establecer políticas de protección a migrantes que se encuentran en países en crisis.

11 La migración bien gobernada puede contribuir significativamente a reducir desigualdades, no sólo económicas, sino también de acceso a oportunidades de todo tipo. En sentido inverso, la migración mal gobernada, puede ampliar y profundizar desigualdades. Las políticas de migración, por tanto deben tener en cuenta ambas realidades.

Other entry points Specific references HOW MIGRATION IS REFLECTED IN THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

progress. Calls for the empowerment of vulnerable groups, including refugees, internally displaced persons and migrants.

Commits to eradicating forced labour and human trafficking and to end child labour.

Migration in the goal and target framework 4.b: SCHOLARSHIPS (STUDENT MOBILITY) 5.

7: PLANNED & WELL- MANAGED MIGRATION POLICIES 10.c: MIGRANT REMITTANCES 16.2: TRAFFICKING (FOCUS ON CHILDREN) 17.

12 Other entry points Specific references HOW MIGRATION IS REFLECTED IN THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Migration in the declaration Highlights impact of humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people on development progress. Calls for the empowerment of vulnerable groups, including refugees, internally displaced persons and migrants. Calls for access by all including migrants to life-long learning opportunities. Commits to eradicating forced labour and human trafficking and to end child labour. Recognises the positive contribution of migrants for inclusive growth and sustainable development. Migration in the goal and target framework 4.b: SCHOLARSHIPS (STUDENT MOBILITY) 5.2: TRAFFICKING (FOCUS ON WOMEN AND GIRLS) 8.7: TRAFFICKING 8.8: MIGRANT WORKER RIGHTS (ESP. WOMEN MIGRANTS) 10.7: PLANNED & WELL- MANAGED MIGRATION POLICIES 10.c: MIGRANT REMITTANCES 16.2: TRAFFICKING (FOCUS ON CHILDREN) 17.18: DATA DISAGGREGATI ON (INCLUDING BY MIGRATORY STATUS) 1.5: RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE EVENTS AND ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENT AL SHOCKS 11.5: REDUCE DEATHS & NUMBER OF AFFECTED PEOPLE & ECONOMIC LOSSES CAUSED : RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE HAZARDS AND NATURAL DISASTERS

13 Full migration references 4.b: By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries in particular LDCs, SIDS and African countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and ICT, technical, engineering and scientific programmes in developed countries and other developing countries. 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation. 8.7: Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms. 8.8: Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments of all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment. 10.7: Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies. 10.C: By 2030, reduce to less than 3% the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5%. 16.2: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence and torture against children : By 2020, enhance capacity building support to developing countries, including for LDCs and SIDS, to increase significantly the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data, disaggregated by income, gender, age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts.

15 Almost 40% of our global population of 7 billion is under the age of 24; Los jóvenes migrantes (edad 15-24) constituyen más del 12 por ciento de los 232 millones de migrantes internacionales en general, y, siendo el grupo social con mayor movilidad, constituyen el grueso de los movimientos anuales de migración. 62 countries, or nearly 30% of all the countries in the world, are experiencing a youth-bulge or youth explosion in their demographic structure. Within these countries, more than 60% of the population are under 30. Meanwhile, in the industrialized world, there is population stagnation; an aging, greying society with a negative replacement rate a rate which if it continues, will produce a 50 million jobs deficit in Europe by Cuando los jóvenes emigran en condiciones de libertad, dignidad, equidad y seguridad, pueden impulsar el desarrollo económico y social, tanto de los países de origen como de destino. Datos de Naciones Unidas para 2013 muestran que 50% de los jóvenes emigran a países menos desarrollados y 50% a países desarrollados

16 is too important to be neglected by development policy makers. The global nature of migration clearly requires a global response attentive to the youth cohort. IOM 3 points about youth migration I. Youth are a dominant demographic reality today Ii. Youth constitute a critical development factor Iii. Youth are a decisive labour market factor

Youth deserve our protection and assistance in making the full transition to adulthood Youth require that we make greater efforts to recognize their overwhelmingly positive potential and contribution

17 Youth deserve our protection and assistance in making the full transition to adulthood Youth require that we make greater efforts to recognize their overwhelmingly positive potential and contribution Good migration governance for safe, orderly, dignified and rights-based migration is also the responsibility of companies, the private sector. Give back by promoting the well being of migrants in recruitment, in transit, in crisis, in remittances, in benefits, in education, and in retirement and not pretending that this task is for governments or international organizations alone

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