Trigésima Quinta Reunión Ordinaria de la Asamblea General de ALIDE Río de Janeiro, Brasil, 14 y 15 de junio de 2005

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1 Trigésima Quinta Reunión Ordinaria de la Asamblea General de ALIDE Río de Janeiro, Brasil, 14 y 15 de junio de 2005 Pietro Masci Banco Interamericano de Desarollo de junio 2005

2 Durante la ultima década la inversión en infraestructura publica se redujo significativamente Y no se compenso con aumento de la inversión privada 5% 4% 4% TOTAL Public Private share of GDP 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% Source: Calderon and Serven (2004)

4% 4% TOTAL Public Private share of GDP 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1980 1982 1984

3 Porcentaje de personas que no están de acuerdo con que la privatización de infraestructuras ha sido beneficiosa para su país Argent ina Panama Bolivia El Salvador Peru Uruguay Paraguay Ecuador Nicaragua L.A Guatemala Mexico Venezuela Colombia Chile Brazil Honduras

Bolivia El Salvador Peru Uruguay Paraguay Ecuador Nicaragua L.A.

4 La renta per capita de LAC se esta separando de la de EEUU y la de los países de Asia se esta acercando 35% Brazil 18% Indonesia 3 25% 2 15% 1 Ecuador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua El Salvador Latin America & Caribbean 16% 14% 12% 1 8% 6% 4% Philippines South East Asia Selected SEA countries 5% 2% Latin American and Caribbean countries included i calculation of Real GDP per capita of the region: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Barbados, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela. South East Asian countries included in calculation of Real GDP per capita of the region: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam. Selected South East Asian countries included in calculation of Real GDP per capita of the region: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. Sources: -For individual countries:alan Heston, Robert Summers and Bettina Aten, Penn World Table Version 6.1. Center for International Comparisons at the University of Pennsylvania (CICUP), October For regions: World Bank, World Development Indicators.

American and Caribbean countries included i calculation of Real GDP per capita of the region: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Barbados, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El

5 35% 3 25% 2 Lo mismo ocurre con la productividad del Latin American Countries in sample trabajo Ecuador Brazil Guatemala Nicaragua El Salvador Honduras 25% 2 15% South East Asian countries in sample South East Asia Indonesia Philippines 15% 1 5% Latin America & Caribe 1 5% Latin American and Caribbean countries included in calculation of labor productivity of the region: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Venezuela. Selected South East Asian countries included in calculation of Real GDP per capita of the region: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.

Latin American and Caribbean countries included in calculation of labor productivity of the region: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico,

6 LAC Infraestructura ha caído por debajo de China y otros países de similares niveles de renta LAC MIC China Access to electricity (%) Roads (km/km2) Mainline per 1000 pers Source: World Development Indicators

MIC China 1000 500 0 Access to electricity (%) Roads

7 Las empresas de LAC ven la infraestructura como un obstáculo para el crecimiento y la productividad LA C Middle East & North Africa S ub-s aharan A frica S outh A sia E urope & Central A sia East Asia & Pacific P erc ent of firm s Source: World Bank Investment Climate Surveys

aharan A frica S outh A sia E urope & Central A sia East Asia & Pacific 0 1

8 Performance and Evaluation of FMD - Data -Banking -Capital Market -Insurance -Pension Access to Finance - SMEs Public Policy Public Choice Political Economy Financial Market Development (FMD) MDBs and IMF Global Financial Architecture Institutions Factors of FMD Economic Non economic FMD and FDI Real Options Methodology -Macro economy -Fiscal discipline -Debt management -Government bonds market -Legal Framework -Regulation -Supervision -Integration -Education -Culture -Human Capital Role of Government Poverty Regional Growth Economic Growth Municipal Financing Infrastructure Financing Local Currency Financial Markets Crisis - Strategic Vision - Regulation - Supervision - Push & Leadership - Indirect intervention - Direct intervention (tools of government) -Public Sector Banks

market -Legal Framework -Regulation -Supervision -Integration -Education -Culture -Human Capital Role of Government Poverty Regional Growth Economic Growth Municipal Financing Infrastructure

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