Repaso de Español I, II y III. Spanish IV

Transcripción

1 + Repaso de Español I, II y III Spanish IV

2 + Práctica n Práctica de subjuntivo con frases adverbiales.

3 + Agenda n El subjuntivo pasado y práctica. n TAREA: Estudia tus palabras de vocabulario Completa las tareas asignadas en VHL para esta semana. No te olvides de EDMODO

4 + El Modo Subjuntivo Cómo y cuándo lo usamos? 4

5 6.2 The past subjunctive Forms of the past subjunctive The past subjunctive (el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo) of all verbs is formed by dropping the ron ending from the ustedes/ellos/ellas form of the preterite and adding the past subjunctive endings by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

6 6.2 The past subjunctive Queríamos que el gobierno respetara los derechos humanos. We wanted the government to respect human rights. Me pareció increíble que los liberales perdieran las elecciones. It seemed unbelievable to me that the liberals lost the election. Nos sorprendió que el abogado no supiera cómo reaccionar ante la amenaza. It surprised us that the lawyer did not know how to react to the threat. ATENCIÓN! The past subjunctive is also referred to as the imperfect subjunctive (el imperfecto del subjuntivo). The nosotros/as form of the past subjunctive always takes a written accent by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

7 6.2 The past subjunctive Verbs that have stem changes or irregularities in the ustedes/ellos/ellas form of the preterite have those same irregularities in all forms of the past subjunctive. infinitive preterite form past subjunctive forms pedir pidieron pidiera, pidieras, pidiera, pidiéramos, pidierais, pidieran sentir sintieron sintiera, sintieras, sintiera, sintiéramos, sintierais, sintieran dormir durmieron durmiera, durmieras, durmiera, durmiéramos, durmierais, durmieran influir influyeron influyera, influyeras, influyera, influyéramos, influyerais, influyeran saber supieron supiera, supieras, supiera, supiéramos, supierais, supieran ir/ser fueron fuera, fueras, fuera, fuéramos, fuerais, fueran 2015 by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

8 6.2 The past subjunctive In Spain and other parts of the Spanish-speaking world, the past subjunctive is also used with an alternate set of endings: se, ses, se, semos, seis, sen. You will also see these forms in literary texts. Mariano me pidió que fuera/fuese con él al tribunal. Mariano asked me to go with him to court. Nadie creyó que estuviéramos/estuviésemos entre los manifestantes. No one believed that we were among the demonstrators by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

9 6.2 The past subjunctive Uses of the past subjunctive The past subjunctive is required in the same contexts as the present subjunctive, except that the point of reference is in the past. When the verb in the main clause is in the past, the verb in the subordinate clause is in the past subjunctive. Mis padres también me pidieron que me lo quitara by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

10 6.2 The past subjunctive Present time Ellos sugieren que vayamos a la reunión. They suggest that we go to the meeting. Espero que no tengan problemas con los políticos. I hope they won t have any problems with the politicians. Necesitamos un presidente que apoye nuestra causa. We need a president who will support our cause. Tú la defiendes aunque sea culpable. You defend her even though she s guilty. Past time Ellos sugirieron que fuéramos a la reunión. They suggested that we go to the meeting. Esperaba que no tuvieran problemas con los políticos. I was hoping they wouldn t have any problems with the politicians. Necesitábamos un presidente que apoyara nuestra causa. We needed a president who would support our cause. Tú la defendiste aunque fuera culpable. You defended her even though she was guilty by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

11 6.2 The past subjunctive The expression como si (as if) is always followed by the past subjunctive. Habla de la guerra como si no le importara. He talks about the war as if he didn t care. Por qué siempre me andas espiando como si fuera un ladrón? Why do you always go around spying on me as if I were a thief? Reaccionarán como si trajéramos malas noticias. They will react as if we brought bad news. Me saludó como si no me conociera. She greeted me as if she didn t know me by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

12 6.2 The past subjunctive The past subjunctive is commonly used with querer to make polite requests, to express wishes, or to soften statements. Quisiera verlos hoy, por favor. I d like to see you today, please. Quisiéramos paz y justicia para nuestro pueblo. We wish for peace and justice for our people. ATENCIÓN! When using the past subjunctive of querer or the conditional of any verb in a main clause, use the past subjunctive in the subordinate clause. Quisiéramos que volvieran mañana. We d like you to return tomorrow. Sería mejor que me dijeras la verdad. It would be better for you to tell me the truth by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved

13 13 2. Contraria a la realidad imperfecto Si + del subjuntivo + condicional

14 2. Cláusulas contrarias a la realidad 14 If I had the money (I don t ) Si tuviera el dinero If I were in Spain (I m not ) Si estuviera en España If I could fly (I can t ) Si pudiera volar

15 15 Por Ejemplo : Si tuviera el dinero iría a España. Si estuviera en España comería paella. Si pudiera volar lo haría.

16 + Les toca a Uds 16 If I had time, I would read more. Si tuviera el tiempo, leería más. If I were you, I d do it. Si yo fuera tú, lo haría. If you bought it, you wouldn t use it. Si lo compraras, no lo usarías.

17 Con las cláusulas condicionales, la secuencia de las cláusulas no importa. El resultado puede venir primero : 17 Tendría que estudiar si tomara esa clase. Lo habría comprado si lo hubiera visto. Ella me llamaría si supiera mi número.

18 18 Terminamos con el Subjuntivo? Sí? Pues, espero que hayamos terminado con ello