El presente simple
El Presente Simple en Inglés Utilizamos el presente simple para 1) hablar de cosas que siempre son de una manera determinada, como hechos científicos. The sun rises in the morning If you heat water, it boils 2) hablar de rutinas, como costumbres, horarios, etc I always study in the evening
A. Explica porqué hemos utilizado el presente simple en cada ejemplo: 1. He does not [doesn't] eat vegetables. 2. She works in a hospital. 3. Elephants live in Africa. 4. Bogota is in Colombia. 5. Do children like animals? 6. Adults don't know everything
Respuestas 1. He does not eat vegetables. Rutina, nunca lo hace 2. She works in a hospital. Rutina, siempre lo hace 3. Elephants live in Africa. Hecho científico 4. Bogota is in Colombia. Hecho científico 5. Do children like animals? Pregunta sobre lo habitual 6. Adults don't know everything Hecho científico
La terminación en -s de la tercera persona. Aunque la conjugación en inglés es muy sencilla, porque solo hay dos formas de cada verbo, debes recordar que las terceras personas (he/she /it) añaden una -s I live here He lives here
Verbos que añaden + es Si acaban en -o, sh, ch, x, z añadiremos una e antes de la terminación en -s GO GOES WASH WASHES MIX MIXES Ejemplo: He goes climbing every Saturday
Verbos que acaban en -y Si el verbo en infinitivo acaba en consonante+ y, cambiaremos la terminación por IES We study here He studies here Pero solo si hay una consonante, si hay una vocal no se cambia nada. We buy clothes He buys clothes
B. Ejercicio. Escribe los siguientes verbos en tercera persona en la columna en la que correspondan kiss - listen- be - fix - clean - teach -marryplay -walk -cry - do paint - climb -have -get - drink - stop - write - dry -go -can + s + es +ies Others (irregular)
Answers + s + es +ies Others (irregular) listens cleans plays walks paints climbs gets Drinks Writes stops kisses teaches does Goes fixes marries cries dries is has can
Estructura interrogativa del presente simple. La estructura interrogativa del presente simple es distinta según los verbos 1) to be, have got, can y algunos otros verbos, llamados defectivos, se conjugan como en español, simplemente cambiando de sitio el verbo.
Ejemplos He is a teacher Is he a teacher? I can speak Chinese Can you speak Chinese? We have got a garden Have you got a garden?
Otros verbos Pero la mayoría de los verbos necesitan conjugarse en interrogativa y en negativa con un auxiliar, que en presente, es DO (I, you, we, they) DOES (he, she, it)
El auxiliar DO El auxiliar no aporta significado, pero hace posible la estructura: She studies here Ella estudia aquí Does she study here? Estudia ella aquí? She does not study here Ella no estudia aquí.
Uso del auxiliar Observa que cuando usamos does, el verbo principal ya no tiene la S de la tercera persona, porque aparece en el auxiliar. He doesn't know the answer No he doesn't knows the answer
Do como verbo y auxiliar Observa también que DO puede aparecer dos veces en la misma frase, una como verbo y otra como auxiliar What does your mother do? She is an actress Do you often do the shopping?
C. Escribe estas frases en interrogativa y negativa 1. His mother is a painter. 2. They eat a lot of fruit 3. He writes about history 4. We learn German at the school 5. I go cycling every weekend
Answers 1. Is his mother a painter? His mother isn't a painter 2. Do they eat a lot of fruit? They don't eat a lot of fruit 3 Does he write about history? He doesn't write about history 4. Do we learn German at school? We do not learn German at school 5. Do you go cycling every weekend? You do not go cycling every weekend
D. Completa estas frases con la forma correcta del verbo 1. Andy (wash) the family car 2. My mother (always/get ) up at 7.30 3. Mr. Baldwin (not write) emails, his secretary (do) it 4. The girls (not/ do) the shopping, the boys (do ) it. 5. Mary (watch) TV every day after homework. (you/ do) it too? 6. My friend (not/go) to school by bus, he (go) on foot
Answers: 1. Andy washes the family car 2. My mother always gets up at 7.30 3. Mr. Baldwin does not write emails, his secretary does it 4. The girls do not do the shopping, the boys do it. 5. Mary watches TV every day after homework. do you do it too? 6. My friend does not go to school by bus, he goes on foot
E. Identifica los errores en estas frases y corrígelos 1. He work in a shop at the station 2.He haves breakfast at 7.30 3. He don't drive to work, he cycles 4. He starts work at 8 o'clock and finishs at 3 o'clock 5. He hasn't lunch at work 6. He normally gos home and eats with his family 7. In the evenings, Henry studys French 8. He sometimes plaies football with his friends 9. He watchs his favourite TV show with his children 10. They is a happy family
Answers 1. He work WORKS in a shop at the station 2. He haves HAS breakfast at 7.30 3. He don't DOESN'T drive to work, he cycles 4. He starts work at 8 o'clock and finishs FINISHES at 3 o'clock 5. He hasn't DOESN'T HAVE lunch at work 6-. He normally gos GOES home and eats with his family 7. In the evenings, Henry studys STUDIES French 8. He sometimes plaies PLAYS football with his friends 9. He watchs WATCHES his favourite TV show with his children 10. They is ARE a happy family