Lesson 19 Communications Comunicaciones

Lesson 19 Communications Comunicaciones Lesson Duration: New Vocabulary: Lesson Topics: Conversation and Poetry: 35 minutes 183 037 sentences 155 sentences Lesson Topics Human Communication Electronic Communication Specialized Communication Unique Communication Television Special Education High-Tech bbreviations High-Tech Symbols Temas de la lección Comunicación humana Comunicación electrónica Comunicación especializada Comunicación única Televisión Educación especial breviaturas en alta tecnología Símbolos en alta tecnología Conversation: Underwater Communication Poetry-1: reak, reak, reak by lfred, Lord Tennyson Poetry-2: In The Forest by Oscar Wilde Human Communication Comunicación humana aptitud ability ê-b l - -t a alta velocidad high-speed h -sp d pintura painting p nt - ng pictogramas pictographs p k -tê-gråfs se practican are practiced är pråk -t st simultáneamente simultaneously s -mêl-t -n -ês-l narración storytelling stôr - -t l - ng transmisiones transmissions tråns-m sh -êns GPS Global Positioning System GPS Sistema de Posicionamiento Global The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth. El Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (GPS) es un sistema de navegación por satélite que proporciona información sobre la posición y la hora en cualquier condición del tiempo, en cualquier lugar sobre o cerca de la tierra. VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-1

Human Communication Communication is a primary human need. s a result, humans developed the ability to create and speak languages. Communication developed from personal conversation to high-speed transmissions that reach millions of people simultaneously. New technology brought new words to the English language that have become common English vocabulary. Early types of communications still are practiced today such as painting, sculpture, storytelling, signals, signs and symbols. Signs and symbols, known as pictographs, have been designed for international use and understanding. They are mostly used for information in public areas like airports, hospitals and parks. Comunicación humana La comunicación es una necesidad humana primordial. Como resultado de esto, los humanos desarrollaron la aptitud de crear y hablar idiomas. La comunicación se desarrolló desde la conversación personal hasta las transmisiones a alta velocidad que llegan simultáneamente a millones de personas. La nueva tecnología trajo nuevas palabras al idioma inglés que han llegado a ser parte del vocabulario inglés común. ntiguos tipos de comunicación, tales como pintura, escultura, narración, señales, signos y símbolos, todavía se practican hoy. Signos y símbolos conocidos como pictogramas, han sido diseñados para uso y comprensión internacionales. Se utilizan principalmente para el servicio y la información en áreas públicas tales como aeropuertos, hospitales y parques. UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Organización Educacional, Científica y Cultural de las Naciones Unidas Electronic Communication Comunicación electrónica ábaco abacus åb -ê-kês facilitan facilitate fê-s l - -t t unido joined j ynd realizar performing pêr-fôrm - ng supercomputadoras supercomputers sø -pêr-kêm-pyø -têrs " short saying often contains much wisdom." 19-2 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Electronic Communication The abacus, an ancient calculator which is still being used today, was the earliest computer. The abacus has been joined by new supercomputers that are capable of performing billions of calculations per second. Computers facilitate scientific efforts in solving many problems that affect humans, animals and plants. Comunicación electrónica El ábaco, una antigua calculadora que todavía se utiliza hoy, fue la primera computadora. Se le han unido las nuevas supercomputadoras que son capaces de realizar trillones de cálculos por segundo. Las computadoras facilitan los esfuerzos científicos por resolver muchos problemas que afectan a los seres humanos, los animales y las plantas. Specialized Communication Comunicación especializada de asistencia assistive ê-s s -t v ascensores elevators l -ê-v -têrs ampliar expand k-spånd audición hearing hîr - ng implementado implemented m -plê-mênt-êd escucha listens l s -êns vidas lives l vz robóticas robotic r -bºt - k sentidos senses s ns -ês acera sidewalk s d -wôk habla talks tôks teléfonos telephones t l -ê-fôns transporte transit trån -s t VOIP Voice Over Internet Protocol Protocolo de Internet para Voces Superpuestas "I have made this letter longer, because I have not had the time to make it shorter." VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-3

Specialized Communication New technology has improved the lives of people with hearing, seeing or motion related disabilities. Many cities have implemented more sidewalk designs for people using assistive devices. Telecommunication and robotic devices, now enable people with disabilities to expand the use of their senses. Talking books and newspapers are available for people who are unable to read. Machines talk and listen to us on elevators, telephones and public transit. Comunicación especializada La nueva tecnología ha mejorado las vidas de las personas con discapacidades de la audición, la visión o el movimiento. Muchas ciudades han implementado más diseños de aceras para personas que utilizan dispositivos de asistencia. Los dispositivos de telecomunicación y las máquinas robóticas, permiten ahora a las personas con discapacidades ampliar el uso de sus sentidos. Los libros y periódicos hablados están disponibles para las personas que no pueden leer. Las máquinas nos hablan y escuchan en los ascensores, los teléfonos y el transporte público. 19-4 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Unique Communication Comunicación única acústica acoustic ê-kø -st k antena antenna ån-tên -ê sistema, sistemas array, arrays ê-r, ê-r s astrónomos astronomers ê-strºn -ê-mêrs astronomía astronomy ê-strºn -ê-m cosmos cosmos kºz -m s direccional directional d -r k -shê-nêl reflector dish d sh delfines dolphins dºl -f ns terremotos earthquakes ûrth -kw ks marinos marine mê-r n parabólico parabolic pår -ê-bºl - c pasiva passive pås - v predecir predict pr -d kt científicos scientists s -ên-t sts individualmente singly s ng -gl radiotelescopio radiotelescope r -d - -t l - -sk p ballenas whales w ls Unique Communication Comunicación única In order to understand and predict earthquakes, scientists use passive acoustic technology to listen beneath the earth's surface. radiotelescope is a directional radio antenna used in radio astronomy. It is a large parabolic dish used singly or in an array. stronomers use these arrays to collect data from space probes in their search to study matter and the cosmos. Marine scientists listen to conversations of whales and dolphins to better understand how marine mammals communicate. fin de entender y predecir los terremotos, los científicos utilizan tecnología acústica pasiva para escuchar bajo la superficie de la tierra. Un radiotelescopio es una antena de radio direccional utilizada en radioastronomía. Es un gran reflector parabólico que se utiliza individualmente o como parte de un sistema. Los astrónomos utilizan estos sistemas para recopilar datos de sondas espaciales para estudiar la materia y el cosmos. Los científicos marinos escuchan las conversaciones de las ballenas y delfines, de manera que un día los humanos puedan comunicarse con estos mamíferos inteligentes. VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-5

Television Televisión afiliación affiliation ê-f l - - -shên canal, canales channel, channels chån -êl, chån -êls cobertura coverage kªv -êr- j se entregan are delivered är d -l v -êrd política politics pºl - -t ks preescolares preschool pr -skøl campo scope sk p alternar socialize s -shê-l z adolescentes teenagers t n - -jêrs Television television network is a group of stations working together under one affiliation. Major networks are national in their coverage and scope, and may involve hundreds of stations. Television network programs are delivered through an independent cable which carries a number of channels. The Knowledge Network features educational programs about art, entertainment, history, language, medicine, nature and politics. Youth Television is a special channel showing programs of particular interest to young people, primarily teenagers. Children's programs play an important role in teaching preschool age children to read, print, socialize and sing. Televisión Una red de televisión es un grupo de estaciones que trabajan juntas bajo una sola afiliación. Las principales redes de televisión son nacionales en cuanto a su cobertura y campo, y pueden comprender cientos de estaciones. Los programas de una red de televisión por cable se entregan a cada residencia a través de un cable independiente que lleva varios canales. El Knowledge Network (Red de Conocimiento) presenta programas educacionales tales como arte, entretenimiento, historia, idiomas, medicina, naturaleza y política. Youth Television (Televisión Juvenil) es un canal especial que presenta programas de particular interés para los jóvenes, especialmente los adolescentes. Los programas infantiles juegan un papel importante en enseñar a los niños preescolares a leer, escribir, alternar y cantar. "If you would thoroughly know anything, teach it to others." 19-6 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Education Television Televisión educacional debate debate d -b t generan generate j n -ê-r t tiendas de comercio merchandisers mûr -chên-d z -êrs de interés periodístico newsworthy nøz -wûr -th pregrabados prerecorded pr -r -kôrd -êd selecciones selections s -l k -shêns especializadas specialty sp sh -êl-t televidentes viewers vyø -êrs Education Television Special education learning channels broadcast university lecture programs that offer academic credits to students. Public ffairs programs discuss financial, political and social topics, and generate debate on newsworthy items. News, weather and sports programs use print and numbers to give details to viewers relating to the subject being presented. Prerecorded video for television, as well as movies and special entertainment, made it possible to deliver instruction on many subjects. Public libraries now have a wide variety of educational and entertainment programs on DVD, all of which are available on loan. Specialty DVD stores and department stores, have large selections of movies and video games. Televisión educacional Los canales educativos de pedagogía especial, transmiten programas con clases universitarias que ofrecen a los estudiantes créditos académicos. Los programas de asuntos públicos discuten temas financieros, politicos y sociales, y generan debate sobre ítems de interés periodístico. Los programas de noticias, meteorológicos, y de deportes utilizan letras y números para dar a los televidentes detalles relacionados con el tema que está siendo presentado. Los videos pregrabados, así como las películas y entretenimientos especiales, hicieron possible impartir enseñanza sobre muchas materias. Las bibliotecas públicas tienen ahora una amplia variedad de programas educacionales y de entretenimiento en DVD, todos los cuales están disponibles en préstamo. Las tiendas especializadas en DVDs y las tiendas por departamentos, tienen grandes selecciones de películas y videojuegos. VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-7

High-Tech bbreviations breviaturas en alta tecnología amplitud amplitude åm -pl -tød asistido assisted ê-s st -êd automático automated ô -tê-m t -êd catódicos cathode kåth - d compacto compact kºm -påkt cristal crystal kr s -têl diodo diode d - d emisor emitting -m t - ng facsímil facsimile fåk-s m -ê-l de frecuencia frequency fr -kwên-s interfaz interface n -têr-f s líquido liquid l -kw d modulación modulation mºj -ê-l -shên rayos ray r grabadora recorder r -kôr -dêr revoluciones revolutions r v -ê-lø -shêns cajero teller t l -êr ultra ultra ªl -trê High-Tech cronyms Símbolos en alta tecnología M mplitude Modulation FM Frequency Modulation TM utomated Teller Machine CD Computer ssisted Design CD Compact Disc CD-ROM Compact Disc Read Only Memory CDTV Compact Disc Television CRT Cathode Ray Tube D Data ase DVI Digital Visual Interface EM Electronic Mail FX HDTV LCD LED RPM UHF VHF VCR VTR TV UF Facsimile High-Definition Television Liquid Crystal Display Light Emitting Diode Revolutions Per Minute Ultra High Frequency Very High Frequency Video Cassette Recorder Video Terminal Recorder Television User Friendly 19-8 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Conversation: Underwater Communication asequible affordable ê-fôrd -ê-bêl respiran breathe br th respirando breathing br th - ng décadas decades d k - ds descifradores descramblers d -skråm -blêrs buzo, buzos diver, divers d -vûr, d -vûrs de buceo diving d v - ng auriculares earpieces îr -p s -ês expositores exhibitors g-z b - -tôrs caros expensive k-sp n -s v fascinante fascinating fås -ê-n t - ng máscara facial completa full-face mask f l f s måsk aparatos gadgets gåj - ts helio helium h -l -êm agudo high pitched h p cht capucha hood h d impresionado impressed m-pr st enlaces links l ngks micrófono microphone m -krê-f n militar military m l - -t r - error de comunicación miscommunication m s -kê-myø -n -k -shên turbia murky mûr -k pionera pioneering p -ê-nîr - ng caras pricey pr s - I International cademy of stronautics cademia Internacional de stronáutica IECS Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Studies Instituto de Estudios Estuarinos y Costeros VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-9

Conversation: Underwater Communication (continued) receptor receiver r -s v -êr regulador regulator r g -yê-l -têr seguridad safety s f -t submarinistas scuba divers skø -bê d -vûrs más simple simpler s m -plêr sitios sites s ts parlantes speakers sp -kêrs se sujeta straps stråps transmisor transmitter tråns-m t -êr submarina underwater ªn -dêr-wôt -êr Underwater Communication Hi, Simon. re you just back from the International Electronics Show in Las Vegas? Yes, I just got back late last night. I m completely worn out. I ll bet you are. I saw the trade show on TV showing thousands of exhibitors. Let s go for coffee, and I ll tell you all about it. That café across the street looks nice. Did you see any new and interesting underwater communication systems for deep sea or scuba divers? Yes, the technology for underwater communication has advanced a lot recently, and several new systems are available. What about cost? re these systems expensive? Most systems are very affordable. The longer range technologies are still pricey, but the quality has improved greatly. What do scuba divers have to buy to speak with each other? Most systems include a full-face mask with an air regulator, a through-water transmitter/receiver, and speakers and a microphone. I heard that there is a new system that is simpler. That s right, a Victoria company introduced a pioneering technology that uses a microphone that the diver straps to his throat and earpieces that fit into the diver s hood. I tried the system and was very impressed with the sound quality. "One must be a wise reader to quote wisely and well." 19-10 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Underwater Communication (continued) How close do divers have to be to hear each other? Most systems have an effective range of 50 meters, which is plenty for recreational use. There are a couple of companies that make longer range equipment but they are quite expensive. The market for these systems is mostly military. re there any new developments for deep sea divers who breathe helium/oxygen mixes? Yes, there are. s you know, it can be very difficult to understand a diver when he is breathing helium. It makes his voice sound high-pitched! Voice descramblers have been available for decades, but new software is available that makes a diver s voice sound almost normal. That will certainly improve safety for deep sea divers. It sure will. Miscommunication is probably responsible for more accidents than any other single cause. Did you see any other interesting, electronic gadgets? Quite a few. The one that caught my attention was a new, underwater camera that uses sound instead of light to make images. That sounds fascinating, but why would you use it? The sound camera is designed to work in murky water where the diver can t see what he s doing. Oh, I see. Is there a TV screen in the face mask? Yes, a small LCD display is used in the face mask. Well, I d better let you go. You look like you could use some sleep, Simon. Thanks for the coffee, Steve. Make sure that you check out my website for links to some cool diving equipment sites. GPU Graphics Processing Unit GPU Unidad de Procesamiento Gráfico graphics processing unit (GPU), also occasionally called visual processing unit (VPU), is a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation in a frame buffer of images intended for output to a display. Una unidad de procesamiento gráfico (GPU), llamada también ocasionalmente unidad de procesamiento visual (VPU), es un circuito electrónico diseñado para manipular y alterar rápidamente la memoria para acelerar la creación en un búfer de cuadro de imágenes destinadas a salidas a una pantalla. "Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else's opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a quotation." VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-11

Poetry-1: reak, reak, reak by lfred, Lord Tennyson me surgen arise ê-r z peñascos crags krågs del pescador fisherman s f sh -êr-mêns gracia grace gr s grises gray gr refugio haven h -vên muchacho lad låd marinero sailor s -lêr barcos ships sh ps grita shouts sh ts canta sings s ngs majestuosos stately st t -l tierna tender t n -dêr que desapareció vanish d (vanished) vån - sht reak, reak, reak by lfred, Lord Tennyson reak, break, break, On thy cold gray stones, O sea! nd I would that my tongue could utter The thoughts that arise in me. O, well for the fisherman s boy, That he shouts with his sister at play! O, well for the sailor lad, That he sings in his boat on the bay! nd the stately ships go on To their haven under the hill; ut O for the touch of a vanish d hand, nd the sound of a voice that is still! reak, break, break t the foot of thy crags, O sea! ut the tender grace of a day that is dead Will never come back to me. 19-12 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers

Poetry-2: In The Forest by Oscar Wilde con ojos color marrón brown-eyed br n- d bosquecillos copses kºps -ês amanecer dawn dôn de lo contrario else ls fauno faun fôn aparece fugazmente flashes flåsh -ês locura madness måd -n s de los prados meadow's m d - s del medio del bosque mid-wood's m d-w ds trastornado moonstruck møn -strªk ruiseñor nightingale n t -în-g l va brincando skips sk ps atrapa snare snâr son strain str n penumbra twilight tw -l t con extremidades color marfil ivory limbed -vê-r l md In The Forest by Oscar Wilde Out of the mid-wood's twilight Into the meadow's dawn, Ivory limbed and brown-eyed, Flashes my Faun! He skips through the copses singing, nd his shadow dances along, nd I know not which I should follow, Shadow or song! O Hunter, snare me his shadow! O Nightingale, catch me his strain! Else moonstruck with music and madness I track him in vain! In modern technological vernacular, ubiquitous computing refers to an advanced computing concept where computing is made to appear everywhere and anywhere. user interacts with the computer, which can exist in many different forms: desktops, laptops, tablets or smartphones. En la jerga tecnológica moderna, computación ubicua se refiere a un concepto computacional avanzado donde la computación se hace aparecer en todas y en cualquier parte. Un usuario interactúa con la computadora, que puede existir en muchas formas diferentes: computadoras de escritorio, laptops, tabletas o teléfonos inteligentes. VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers 19-13

iography: Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) Irish Oscar Wilde is considered representative of estheticism, a movement that held the principle of art for art s sake and rejected the notion that art should have moral or useful purposes. Most of Wilde's writing expressed this theory, except for his final work which examined themes of suffering, isolation and collective guilt in realistic terms. Wilde's two books of poetry bracketed his writing career: He published Poems in 1881 two years after graduating from Oxford University and The allad of Reading Gaol in 1898 after his release from prison. Since Wilde's death the focus on him has been mainly biographical. However,with the advent of post-structuralism and gay studies, critics have reexamined his literary theories and art and have found he had an ability to put theory into practice. His plays, fairy tales, literary theories and poetry continue to be performed and published in the 21st century. Oscar Wilde es considerado un representante del Esteticismo, un movimiento que sostenía el principio del arte por el arte y rechazaba el concepto de que el arte tenga que tener propósitos morales o utilitarios. La mayor parte de lo que escribió Wilde expresaba esta teoría, a excepción de su última obra que examinaba temas relacionados con el sufrimiento, el aislamiento y la culpa colectiva en términos realistas. Los dos libros de poesía de Wilde marcan el comienzo y el fin de su carrera de escritor. Publicó Poems en 1881 dos años después de licenciarse en la Universidad de Oxford y The allad of Reading Gaol en 1898 después de salir de la cárcel. Después de la muerte de Wilde la atención se ha centrado en su vida. Sin embargo, con el advenimiento del posestructuralismo y los estudios gay, los críticos han reexaminado sus teorías y obras literarias, y descubierto que tenía la habilidad de poner la teoría en la práctica. Sus obras de teatro, cuentos de hadas, teorías literarias y poesía continúan siendo representadas y publicadas en el siglo XXI. 19-14 VIEW Language Learning System: English for Spanish Speakers