Fountas-Pinnell Level N Informational Text

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Transcripción:

LESSON 18 TEACHER S GUIDE by Irena Freeman Fountas-Pinnell Level N Informational Text Selection Summary Pine trees are conifers. Their seed- and pollen-carrying cones, needle leaves, and green leaves in winter make them different from other trees. Pine trees face danger from animal pests and fire. They provide people with many things, including beauty. por Irena Freeman ilustrado por Robert Schuster HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT Number of Words: 650 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure Paragraphs with main ideas and supporting details Many compare/contrast structures Content The features and growth of pine trees Themes and Ideas The parts of a tree enable growth and survival. Pine trees share features that make them different from other kinds of trees. Language and Straightforward informational sentences supported by illustrations, many with captions Literary Features and labels Sentence Complexity Most sentences with fewer than 15 words Referents to nouns in earlier sentences: Algunos crecen en lugares tropicales, y otros, en áreas muy frías. Some sentences with clauses: Si el tiempo del año anterior fue bueno, saldrán muchas candelas. Vocabulary Tree terms: coníferos, conos, escamas, polen, brotes, candelas, agujas, corteza Words Most words of two or three syllables Words with affi xes: fi nalmente, apretadas, repoblar, pequeñitos, fácilmente, saludable, agradable Illustrations Drawings with labels and captions explain and clarify text. Book and Print Features Twelve pages of one or two paragraphs and illustration Sentence captions and/or labels with most illustrations 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32284-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

by Irena Freeman Build Background Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Qué clases de árboles ven en su pueblo o ciudad? Saben cuáles son las diferencias entre los pinos y los demás árboles? Read the title and author, and talk about the cover illustration. Tell students that the words and pictures in this book give facts about pine trees. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so that they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 3: Tell students that this book gives information about pine trees. Suggested language: Vayan a la página 3 de este libro. La ilustración muestra una escena invernal con pinos. Aprenderán por qué estos árboles especiales se mantienen verdes todo el invierno. Page 4: Turn to page 4. Point out the word coníferos, and explain that it is made from the word cono. Por qué creen que la autora incluyó la ilustración de un hombre entre los coníferos de distintos tamaños? Page 5: Turn to page 5 and read the caption. Alguna vez han visto estas clases de conos? Page 8: Explain that it is hard for new pine trees to grow up. Then point to the illustration and ask: Qué problema se muestra en la ilustración? Pages 10 11: Explain that these pages tell about the leaves of pine trees, which are called needles. Todas las hojas, incluidas las agujas de los pinos, almacenan la luz del sol y la convierten en alimento. Alguna vez vieron agujas de pino viejas en el suelo? Están ahí porque no se pudren ni se disuelven en el suelo como otras hojas. Ahora vuelvan al comienzo del libro para descubrir más cosas sobre los pinos. Target Vocabulary absorber chupar, p. 8 almacenar guardar, p. 10 a través de durante, que atraviesa algo, p. 6 cobertura capa que protege lo que está debajo, p. 7 conducto tubo o camino, p. 13 disolverse mezclarse con líquido y desaparecer en pedacitos muy pequeños, p. 11 espina púa que nace del tallo de las plantas, p. 10 polen polvillo producido por las plantas que contiene células necesarias para la reproducción, p. 6 ramo pequeño grupo de cosas, como plantas o flores, que crecen bien juntas, p. 11 tropical característica de los lugares cerca del ecuador; calurosos y húmedos, p. 4 2

Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read. Support their problem solving and fluency as needed. Remind students to use the Question Strategy questions as they read. and to think of Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: En que se parecen y en qué se diferencian los pinos de los demás árboles? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Pine trees are conifers. Their cones hold seeds and pollen. Pine trees leaves are called needles. The needles do not drop all at once, so the trees look green year round. Many things prevent new pine trees from growing, and grown trees face enemies. People use products of pine trees and enjoy their beauty. The natural world is amazingly complex. Pine trees are a part of the natural cycle of life. Fire is bad for pine trees in some ways but good in other ways. 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The author did research to find facts about pine trees. The author s purpose in writing the book is to inform readers about pine trees. The author explained information about pine trees by showing how pine trees are like and different from other trees. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to read aloud. Remind them to use punctuation to help them group words. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Explain that many words have multiple meanings. Use these words from the book to have students contrast an everyday meaning with a scientifi c meaning related to pine trees: cono, piña, agujas, candelas, escamas, brotes. 3

Writing about Reading Critical Thinking Have students complete the questions on Hoja reproducible 18.7. Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension on Skill Text and Graphic Features Tell students that when they use text and graphic features, they can get information from the words and the pictures. Model the skill, using a Think Aloud like the one below: Think Aloud Las ilustraciones de este libro tienen información que ayudan al lector a entender cómo son los pinos. Algunas ilustraciones tienen leyendas. Son oraciones que explican lo que se muestra, como la oración de la página 7. Algunas ilustraciones, como la de la página 6, tienen rótulos. Los rótulos apoyan lo que dicen las palabras. En la página 10, las ilustraciones de las distintas clases de hoja ayuda al lector a entender la idea principal del párrafo: que todas las hojas cumplen con el mismo trabajo, pero las hojas de pino tienen una apariencia distinta de las hojas planas. Practice the Skill Have students tell what the illustrations on pages 4, 9, and 11 show, and why each is in the book. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts On page 9, fi nd the word that means nuevos brotes. Find the details on page 12 that tell about the enemies of pine trees. Complete this sentence in your own words: The author probably wrote this text to. 4

Responder DESTREZA CLAVE Características textuales y gráficas El autor de este libro utilizó texto y características gráficas para describir pinos. Copia la tabla de abajo. Completa la tabla escribiendo el propósito de cada característica. Característica Leyendas Característica Etiquetas Característica Forma de agujas y hojas Propósito? Propósito? Propósito? A escribir! El texto y el mundo Piensa en las formas en que la gente usa productos de madera. Escribe un párrafo que describa qué pasaría si no hubiera suficientes árboles para hacer cosas de madera. Incluye una solución al problema. Nombre Fecha Lección 18 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 18.7 15 Lee y contesta las preguntas. 1. Piensa dentro del texto Qué les ocurre a las agujas de los pinos en otoño? Algunas se secan y se caen. 2. Piensa dentro del texto Qué tipos de coníferos son enormes? las secuoyas gigantes de California 3. Piensa más allá del texto Te gustaría tener un pino en tu jardín o prefieres otro tipo de árbol? Explica tu respuesta. Las respuestas variarán. 4. Piensa acerca del texto Por qué es importante para algunos pinos que las piñas sólo suelten las semillas en caso de incendio? Respuesta posible: porque así se puede repoblar el bosque si se incendia Hacer conexiones Piensa en otro árbol que conozcas o del que hayas leído. En qué se parece a un pino? En qué se diferencia? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. Lea las instrucciones a los estudiantes.. All rights reserved. 9 Grado 3, Unidad 4: Naturaleza grandiosa 5

Nombre Fecha Pensar más allá del texto Lee el siguiente párrafo. Después escribe tu respuesta más abajo. Imagina que en tu pueblo o ciudad quieren derribar un bosque de pinos para construir un centro comercial. Escribe una carta al periódico local. Explica por qué deben salvarse los pinos. Incluye detalles del libro en tu carta. 6

Nombre Fecha Lección 18 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 18.7 Lee y contesta las preguntas. 1. Piensa dentro del texto Qué les ocurre a las agujas de los pinos en otoño? 2. Piensa dentro del texto Qué tipos de coníferos son enormes? 3. Piensa más allá del texto Te gustaría tener un pino en tu jardín o prefieres otro tipo de árbol? Explica tu respuesta. 4. Piensa acerca del texto Por qué es importante para algunos pinos que las piñas sólo suelten las semillas en caso de incendio? Hacer conexiones Piensa en otro árbol que conozcas o del que hayas leído. En qué se parece a un pino? En qué se diferencia? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. 7

Estudiante Fecha Lección 18 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 18.10 NIVEL N Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 9 Cada primavera, a los pinos les salen nuevos brotes. Estos brotes se llaman candelas. Si el tiempo del año anterior fue bueno, saldrán muchas candelas. Si el tiempo fue muy frío o muy seco, no le saldrán tantas candelas. 10 Las ramas y hojas nuevas crecen de los brotes al extremo de las candelas. Las hojas tienen forma de agujas muy delgadas que parecen espinas verdes. Estas agujas funcionan igual que las hojas de otros árboles. Almacenan la luz del sol y la convierten en alimento para el árbol. 11 En otoño, muchos árboles pierden sus hojas. Los pinos también. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/98 100) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly lobo 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase lobo Omission lobo 1 0 Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo lobo 1 Self-corrects lodo sc lobo Insertion el ˆlobo 1 Word told T 1 lobo 0 1416139 8