CAPITULO 1A VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR- LIKES AND DISLIKES, INFINITIVES to talk about activities bailar- to dance cantar -to sing correr- to run dibujar- to draw escribir cuentos- to write stories escuchar música -to listen to music esquiar- to ski hablar por teléfono- to talk on the phone ir a la escuela -to go to school jugar videojuegos -to play video games leer revistas- to read magazines montar en bicicleta -to ride a bicycle montar en monopatín- to skateboard nadar -to swim pasar tiempo con amigos- to spend time with friends practicar deportes- to play sports tocar la guitarra- to play the guitar trabajar -to work usar la computadora- to use the computer ver la tele to watch -television patinar- to skate A mí tampoco.- I don t (like to) either. to ask others what they like to do Qué te gusta hacer? -What do you like to do? Qué te gusta más? -What do you like (prefer) better? Te gusta?? Do you like to? Y a ti?- And you? other useful words and expressions ni... ni -neither... nor, not...or o- or pues... -well... sí -yes también -also, too y -and to say what you like to do (A mí) me gusta -I like to. (A mí) me gusta más I like to better. (I prefer to.) (A mí) me gusta mucho - I like to a lot. A mí también._ I do too. to say what you don t like to do (A mí) no me gusta.- I don t like to. (A mí) no me gusta nada.- I don t like to at all.
INFINITIVES A verb is an action In English, an infinitive is to (verb) In Spanish, there are three kinds of infinitives -ar: cantar, bailar, -er: comer, beber, -ir: escribir, vivir VERBO GUSTAR (To like) You need to put this in front of gustar to know who is talking or who we are talking about Me (to me) Nos (to us) Te (to you) Os (to you plural) Le (to him, to her, to you formal) Les (to them, to you plural formal) Me gusta bailar Te gusta la pizza? If you put the name of the person you need to put an a before. A María le gusta correr. A mis hermanos les gusta escribir To answer questions QUESTION Qué te gusta hacer? What do you like to do? ANSWER Me gusta. I like. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Te gusta? Do you like? 1) Sí, me gusta (mucho) Yes, I like (a lot) 2) No, no me gusta (nada) No, I don t like (at all) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Te gusta más, o? Do you like more or? 1) Me gusta más I like more 2) No me gusta ni ni I don t like neither or -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To agree or disagree with people Me gusta. I like. 1) A mí también Me too. 2) A mí no me gusta (nada). I do not like it (at all). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- No me gusta. I don t like NEGATIVE WORDS 1) A mí tampoco. Me either 2) A mí sí me gusta. I like it.
To make a sentence negative in Spanish, you usually put the NO in front of the verb or expression. No me gusta bailar. I don t like to dance. To answer a question negatively in Spanish you often use NO twice. The first NO answer the question, the second NO says, I do not. This is similar to the way you answer a question in English. Te gusta escribir cuentos? No, no me gusta Do you like to write stories? No, I don t In Spanish, you may use one or more negatives after answering no, nada. No me gusta nada bailar I don t like to dance at all. If you want to say that you do not ike either of two choices, use NI NI No me gusta ni cantar ni bailar I don t like neither sign nor dancing ARTICLES AND NOUNS Articles: THE, A/ AN, SOME The article go BEFORE the noun The article matches in gender and number with the nouns DEFINITE ARTICLES (the) el los la las INDEFINITE ARTICLES (a/an, some) un unos una unas A noun is a thing, an object In Spanish, objects are masculine or feminine el lápiz la silla los niños las niñas
CAPÍTULO 1B- VOCABULARY Y GRAMÁTICA ADJECTIVES, VERB SER to talk about what you and others are like artístico, -a- artistic atrevido, -a- daring bueno, -a -good deportista -sports-minded desordenado, -a- messy estudioso, -a -studious gracioso, -a -funny impaciente -impatient inteligente- intelligent ordenado, -a -neat paciente -patient perezoso, -a -lazy reservado, -a- reserved, shy serio, -a- serious simpático, -a -nice, friendly sociable -sociable talentoso, -a -talented trabajador, -ora -hardworking to ask people about themselves or others Cómo eres? -What are you like? Cómo es? -What is he / she like? Cómo se llama?- What s his / her name? Eres...? -Are you...? to talk about what someone likes or doesn t like le gusta... -he / she likes... no le gusta... -he / she doesn t like... to describe someone es- he/ she is soy- I am no soy- I am not to tell whom you are talking about el amigo -male friend la amiga- female friend el chico- boy la chica- girl la familia- family yo- I tú- you informal él -he ella- she usted (ud)- you formal nosotros (as)- we vosotros (as)- you all informal ellos- they masculine ellas- they feminine ustedes (uds)- you all other useful words a veces -sometimes muy -very pero- but según -according to Definite articles (the) ARTICLES AND NOUNS Articles: THE, A/ AN, SOME The article go BEFORE the noun The article matches in gender and number with the nouns A noun is a thing, an object In Spanish, objects are masculine or feminine: el lápiz, la silla, los libros, las mesas el los la las Indefinite articles (a, an, same) un unos una unas
VERBO SER To express personality Yo (I am) soy Nosotros/as (We are) somos Tú (You are, informal) eres Vosotros/as (You all informal) sois Él/ ella/usted (He/ she is/ You are formal) es Ellos/ellas/ ustedes (They are/ You all formal) son ADJECTIVES Adjectives describe people, places, or things. In Spanish, the adjectives match in gender and number with the noun that they describe In Spanish, adjective go AFTER the noun MASCULINO FEMENINO Singular Plural Singular Plural -o -os -a -as -r -es -ra -ras - ista -istas -ista -istas - e -es -e -es -n -es -n -es Samples: - El niño es simpátic_o_ - Las niñas son inteligent_es - Nosotros somos alt_os - Mi hermana es sociabl_es PLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVES In Spanish, adjectives usually come AFTER the noun they describe. Notice how artística follows chica in the Spanish sentence Margarita es una chica artística Margarita is an artistic girl. Here is a simple pattern you can follow when writing a sentence in Spanish. SUBJECT VERB INDEFINITIVE ADJECTIVE ARTICLE + NOUN Yo soy una chica muy artística José y Antonio (no) son unos chicos (muy) inteligentes La Sra. Ortiz es una profesora muy inteligente