Los pingüinos emperador by Stephanie Cohen

Transcripción

1 LESSON 20 TEACHER S GUIDE by Stephanie Cohen Fountas-Pinnell Level K Nonfiction Selection Summary Emperor penguins are the largest penguins. Emperor penguin parents raise their chicks cooperatively. While the mother goes off to feed, the father shelters the egg until it hatches. After the mother returns, the father can feed. Then both care for the chick. HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Number of Words: 397 Characteristics of the Text Genre Nonfi ction Text Structure Focused on a single topic: Emperor penguins Underlying sequence-of-events text structure Content Emperor penguins Life cycle of Emperor penguins Text assumes that students know that penguins are fl ightless birds Themes and Ideas Emperor penguin parents work as a team to raise their young. Emperor penguins endure hardships to protect their young. Language and Simple, clear language Literary Features Meaning provided through integration of photos with text Sentence Complexity A mix of short and more complex sentences Vocabulary Target vocabulary words highlighted in text Words related to penguins that are not defi ned in text: krill, cascarón, plumas impermeables Words Terms and proper nouns that may be diffi cult to decode, such as pingüinos emperador, Ecuador, Antártida, cascarón, saltadores, macaroní Illustrations Photographs closely linked with the text Map showing where penguins live Book and Print Features Nine pages of text; photos or a graphic on all pages Dato divertido text boxes Captions that add to text information; some long captions with two sentences Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida Printed in the U.S.A If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

2 by Stephanie Cohen Build Background Help students use their knowledge of penguins to visualize the book. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Qué clase de animal es el pingüino? En qué se diferencia el pingüino de los demás pájaros? Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Explain that Emperor penguins are the world s largest penguin, and that they have an interesting way of caring for their young. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas and nonfiction features. Help with unfamiliar language so they can read the text successfully. Give special attention to target vocabulary. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Explain that penguins live at the bottom of the world, in Antarctica, and that the seasons are reversed there. Suggested language: Vayan a la página 2. El texto dice que en junio, la región, es decir, el área, donde viven los pingüinos es muy fría. En junio es verano en Norteamérica, pero en esta región de la Antártida, es invierno. Miren la foto. Qué ven sentado a los pies del pingüino de la derecha? Piensan que el pingüino sostiene al polluelo sobre sus pies? Page 3: Direct attention to the Dato divertido box. Explain that boxes like this give extra facts about the topic. Qué datos sobre los pingüinos les dice este recuadro? Page 6: Remind students that captions can give clues about information in the text. Qué les dice la leyenda de la página 6? Por qué es inesperada esta información? Les sorprende saber que el padre no come? Page 7: Have students look at the photo on the page and read the caption. De qué manera los ayuda la foto y la leyenda de esta página a entender el signifi cado de la palabra desplazará? Cómo puede un pingüino desplazarse rápidamente por el hielo o la nieve? Ahora vuelvan al comienzo para descubrir más cosas sobre los pingüinos emperador. Target Vocabulary capa grosor de algo, p. 4 el tiempo promedio o típico de un lugar en especial, p. 4 colonia grupo de personas o de la misma clase de animales que viven juntos, p. 6 constante que no cambia, p. 9 desplazarse moverse, p. 2 inesperado algo que pasa sin aviso, p. 10 inhóspitas incómodas, desagradables, p. 10 refugio lugar donde vivir o protegerse, p. 9 región área, división o distrito, p. 5 sobrecalentar tan caliente que ya es peligroso, p. 4 2 Lesson 20:

3 Read As students read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem-solving ability. Remind students to use the Infer/Predict Strategy figure out more about the selection., and to use clues to Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: Qué les sorprendió más sobre la vida de los pingüinos emperador? Qué más les gustaría saber sobre estos pájaros enormes? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Emperor penguins are the largest penguin. Emperor penguin parents work as a team to take care of eggs and chicks. Emperor penguin fathers do not eat until the egg hatches. Animal parents will risk their own lives to raise their young. Without the help of both parents, an Emperor penguin chick could not survive. Even the biggest animals need protection when they are babies Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Captions help to explain the photos. The photos contain a lot of visual information. The Dato divertido boxes contain interesting information about penguins. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text and demonstrate phrased fl uent reading. Remind them to pay attention to punctuation, pausing at commas and periods. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Have students take apart multi-syllable words to decode in manageable units. For example, An-tár-ti-da (page 2), so-bre-ca-lien-tan (page 4), es-tre-cha-men-te (page 6), im-per-me-a-bles (page 8). 3 Lesson 20:

4 Writing about Reading Vocabulary Practice Have students complete the Vocabulario questions on Hoja reproducible Responding Have students complete the vocabulary activities on page 11. Remind them to answer the Word Teaser on page 12. (Answer: capa) Reading Nonfiction Nonfiction Features: Map Remind students that nonfiction has many features to help readers find and understand important information. Maps are one of these features. Explain that a map can show a small area or the entire world, as on page 5. The labels on a map give the names of places on the map. Point out that the box on the left of the map on page 5 is called a map key. The map key explains what symbols or colors on the map stand for. In this book, the red square shows that areas in red on the map are where penguins live. Have students look again at the map on page 5. Ask what continent is hidden by the Dato divertido box (Norteamérica). Have students identify other continents where penguins do not live (Europa, Asia). Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Assessment Prompts In the fi rst paragraph on page 5, which word means un lugar donde refugiarse? In paragraph 2 on page 6, fi nd the word that means almost the same as grupo. Tell one word that best describes Emperor penguin fathers. Use evidence from the book to support your answer. 4 Lesson 20:

5 Responder VOCABULARIO CLAVE Formar palabras Haz una red de palabras con la palabra. Enumera palabras que hablen sobre un frío. Copia la red y añade más palabras. nieve A escribir! De texto a texto Los pingüinos viven en un frío. Escribe un párrafo que mencione lo que ellos hacen para vivir en el frío. Usa palabras de Formar palabras y el texto para ayudarte. Nombre Fecha Lección 20 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE _041537_VR4_5BL_Penguins_L20.in /31/09 10:54:58 AM Escribe palabras e ideas que van con la palabra de la red semántica. Luego, haz una red semántica con cada una de las demás palabras de. Vocabulario refugio colonia constante inhóspito región inesperado desplazarse sobrecalentar capa Se muestran las respuestas de ejemplo. tiempo lluvioso desértico frío Lea las instrucciones a los estudiantes.. All rights reserved. Grado 3, Unidad 4: Naturaleza grandiosa 5 Lesson 20:

6 Nombre Fecha Pensar más allá del texto Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después escribe tu respuesta en uno o dos párrafos. Los pingüinos son pájaros, pero no pueden volar. Las alas se asemejan más a aletas, y las usan para nadar. Miren las fotos de los pingüinos de la portada y la página 3. Cómo crees que los pingüinos usan sus aletas para nadar en el agua? En qué se parece eso a la manera en que nadan las personas? 6 Lesson 20:

7 Nombre Fecha Lección 20 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 20.1 Escribe palabras e ideas que van con la palabra de la red semántica. Luego, haz una red semántica con cada una de las demás palabras de. Vocabulario refugio colonia constante inhóspito región inesperado desplazarse sobrecalentar capa 7 Lesson 20:

8 Estudiante Fecha nivel k Lección 20 Hoja reproducible Los pingüinos emperador Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 2 Es junio en Antártica. La región es muy fría. El sol no brillará mucho durante meses. Pero los pingüinos emperador están ocupados. Es la época en que las madres ponen sus huevos y los padres cuidan a los huevos. 3 El pingüino emperador es el pingüino más grande. Puede crecer hasta cuatro pies de alto. Esto es tan alto como un niño de seis años. 4 En el verano, los pingüinos comen mucho. Cuando llega el invierno, tienen una gruesa capa de grasa. Esto los mantiene calientes en el frío. Las plumas de los pingüinos también los mantienen calientes, pero no los sobrecalientan. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/ ) % Self-Correction Rate (# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections) 1: Behavior Code Error Read word correctly Repeated word, sentence, or phrase Omission Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo 1 Self-corrects Insertion Word told lodo sc el 0 ˆ 1 T Lesson 20: