BETTER TRAINING FOR SAFER FOOD Training on Food Composition and Information

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1 Reglamento (EC) 1925/2006 sobre la adición de vitaminas, minerales y otras sustancias determinadas a los alimentos FOOD COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION PROGRAMME March 2014 Madrid - SPAIN Fortification practices in EU before 2006 Denmark Mandatory fortification of household salt and salt used in bread (practised since 2000) Permission needed for voluntary fortification Optional fortification permitted for vitamin A and b-carotene to margarine and fat spreads; calcium, phosphorous, iron, vitamin B1, B2 and niacin to certain flours and breakfast cereals and vitamin C to juices Finland No mandatory fortification Common practice (consensus between authorities and food industry) fortification: iodine in salt, vitamin D in milk and margarines, vitamin A in margarines Large voluntary fortification (permission needed): e.g. vitamins A, E and C and calcium in fruit juices, calcium in milk and margarine, group B vitamins in energy drinks, juices and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals Permission granted on safety aspects only Germany Ireland Italy No mandatory fortification Voluntary fortification permitted for water-soluble vitamins and vitamin E. Vitamin A and vitamin D are allowed in certain foods (milk products and margarine) For minerals and fat soluble vitamins (in other products) permission is needed for fortification: relatively difficult to obtain, especially for products that are not already sold in EU Iodisation of salt is encouraged Mandatory food fortification: vitamins A and D to margarine; Common practice to add vitamins A and D to fat spreads Voluntary fortification: no statutory controls on the levels of nutrients added to food. Voluntary fortification practised mainly for ready-to-eat breakfast cereals and drinks No mandatory fortification Permission needed for voluntary fortification A list of factories authorised to produce special dietary foods, fortified food and food supplements was published in May Iodisation of salt is encouraged. Outlets selling salt must have also iodised salt (50%)

2 The Netherlands Poland No mandatory fortification Iodine in salt, iodised salt in bread, vitamins A and D in margarine common Fortification with vitamin A (as retinoid), vitamin D, folic acid, selenium, copper and zinc is prohibited, since 2004 exemption is possible Since 2004: only on the basis of harm to public health fortification can be prohibited Voluntary fortification of other micronutrients in particular in beverages, dairy products and breakfast cereals Mandatory fortification: vitamins A and D in margarine, iodine in salt Voluntary fortification encouraged: minimum portion or 100 g contains 15% of recommended daily intake (RDI), maximum portion or 100 g contains 50% of RDI (vitamin C and folate: 100% RDI) Spain United Kingdom No mandatory food fortification Voluntary fortification encouraged with respect to iodisation of salt Fortification level: minimum 15% and maximum 100% of RDI Voluntary fortification of dairy products, especially liquid ones Mandatory fortification of white and brown flour (calcium, iron, thiamin and niacin), margarine (vitamins A and D), infant formulas and foods intended for use in energy restricted diets Voluntary fortification: no statutory controls on the levels of nutrients added to food Source: Flynn A. et al 2009 Food & Nutrition Research, Suppl I Ambito de aplicación Regulation 1925/2006 Armonización de normas entre los distintos EEMM. Asegurar el funcionamiento del mercado interno (libre movimiento de productos, igualdad en las condiciones competitivas) Alto nivel de protección al consumidor

3 Ambito de aplicación Regulation 1925/2006 No se aplica a los complementos alimenticios. Algún EM obliga a añadir alguna sustancia: vit o mineral por motivos de SP. Esto no hay porque armonizarlo. 1. General provisions of Regulation 1925/2006 se tienen en cuenta cambios socioeconómicos, de estilos de vida se imponen restricciones a det grupos de alimentos: productos frescos, bebidas alcohólicas no están establecidas cant máx o mín pero se tendrán en cuenta niveles máx de seguridad y en cuanto a mínimos las disposiciones de la legislación horizontal. Addition of vitamins and minerals Addition of certain other substances 2. Información nutricional Nutrition labelling Nutrition claims Health claims Propósitos restituir En el producto final las pérdidas debido al almacenamiento, fabricación o manipulación. fortificar Vitaminas and minerales se añaden independientemente de si estaban o no en el producto original.

4 Requerimientos (1) Vitaminas y minerales listed in Annex I, (son vit y min que forman parte de la dieta). Las fórmulas vitamínicas y sustancias minerales listed in Annex II,. (modificado) El nuevo figura en el Rgmto 1170/2009. Las sustancias químicas fuentes de vitaminas y minerales han de ser seguras y biodisponibles. Requerimientos (2) Vitaminas y minerales pueden añadirse teniendo en cuenta: o deficiencia en la población o en determinados grupos, o o la potencial mejora del estado nutricional y/o la correción de posibles deficiencias debido a cambios en los hábitos dietéticos o o algún progreso científico que indique los beneficios en la salud de un mayor consumo de alguna de estas sustancias. Annex I and Annex II Ha de presentarse un estudio científico y la EFSA los analiza previamente teniendo en cuenta la seguridad y biodisponibilidad de cada sustancia. La Comisión mediante el procedimiento comitológico aprueba o no la inclusión

5 Levels established for adults by EFSA/SCF, IOM, EVM Source: Richardson 2007 Food Sci Tech Bull 2007; 4,51-66 A. Addition of vitamins and minerals SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT Dir. 90/496 (until 13/12/2014, to exhaustion of the stocks) CANTIDAD SIGNIFICATIVA DE VIT Y MIN. 15% de la cantidad recomendada en 100gr o 100ml o por porción si el envase contiene justo una porción. Reg. 1169/2011 Cantidad significativa de vitaminas y minerales: 15% de los valores de referencia por 100g/100ml para productos que no son bebidas. 7,5% por 100 ml para bebidas. 15% de los valores de referencia por porción, si el envase solo contiene una porción. - Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs)-Dir 90/496 Daily Reference Intakes (Nutrient Reference Values or NRVs) - Reg 1169/2011 Reg. 1169/2011 Vitamin A 800 µg Potassium 2000 mg Vitamin D 5 µg Chloride 800 mg Vitamin E 12 mg Calcium 800 mg Vitamin K 75 µg Phosphorus 700 mg Vitamin C 80 mg Magnesium 375 mg Thiamin 1.1 mg Iron 14 mg Riboflavin 1.4 mg Zinc 10 mg Niacin 16 mg Copper 1 mg Vitamin B6 1.4 mg Manganese 2 mg Folic acid 200 µg Fluoride 3.5 mg Vitamin B µg Selenium 55 µg Biotin 50 µg Chromium 40 µg Pantothenic acid 6 mg Molybdenum 50 µg Iodine 150 µg

6 1925/2006: Addition of certain «other» substances to food (1) other substance: a substance other than a vitamin or a mineral that has a nutritional or physiological effect Examples: aminoacids,, enzymes, fibres, plant extracts, essential fatty acids etc - Art.8: PROCEDURE (2) Sustancias sujetas a restricción, prohibición, o bajo control comunitario (Anexo III) Si se constata un efecto nocivo para la salud, la sustancia: PART A PART B PART C Se incluye en este apartado y se prohibe Se incluye en este apartado y su adición solo se permite bajo condiciones específicas. Se incluyen aquí las sustancias en las que persiste la incertidumbre científica. - Current REQUESTS from MS 1.Ephedra species (Ephedra spp.) ephedra alkaloid-containing Ephedra haulm to be classified in Part A of Annex III 2.Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe bark). yohimbine HCl. To be classified in Part C of Annex III both are substances used in food supplements WHY THE REQUEST? their consumption may pose a health risk EFSA is expected to finalise the risk assessment for Ephdra spp. by 31/12/2013.

7 - Food Labelling Directive 2000/13 on labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs Directive 90/496 on nutrition labelling Regulation 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on food FROM 13 DECEMBER 2014 Regulation 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers Regulation 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on food