COMPARISION Comparative and superlative adjectives
FORMA Adjetivos de 1 sílaba Añadimos -er para formar el comparativo y -est para formar el superlativo. small smaller the smallest high higher the highest young younger the youngest cold colder the coldest
FORMA Adjetivos de 3 o más sílabas Toman more para el comparativo y the most para el superlativo. exciting more exciting the most exciting interesting more interesting the most interesting important more important the most important intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent
FORMA Adjetivos de 2 sílabas a) Los que acaban en -er o -y añaden normalmente -er y -est. (Fijaos en que la -y se convierte -i) clever cleverer the cleverest happy happier the happiest sunny sunnier the sunniest b) Otros pocos adjetivos de 2 sílabas tambien añaden -er and -est. quiet quieter the quietest simple simpler the simplest narrow narrower the narrowest gentle gentler the gentlest
FORMA Adjetivos de 2 sílabas c) La mayoría de adjetivos de 2 sílabas, especialmente los acabados en -ful o -re anteponen more / the most obscure more obscure the most obscure careful more careful the most careful d) Algunos adjetivos de 2 sílabas forman el comparativo y el superlativo con -er / -est o more / most indistintamente. polite politer / more polite politest / the most polite common commoner / more common commonest / the most common
FORMA Comparativos y Superlativos irregulares Nota: far old good better the best bad worse the worst far old farther further older elder the farthest the furthest the oldest the eldest little less the least much / many more the most farther further older elder the farthest the furthest the oldest the eldest sólo distancia distancia y tiempo personas y cosas sólo personas
USO DE LOS COMPARATIVOS 1.- Usamos el comparativo cuando comparamos una persona, cosa, etc con otra. Martin is taller than María. The Amazon is longer than the Mississipi. Good health is more important than money Después del comparativo normalmente se utiliza than taller than longer than more important than
USO DE LOS COMPARATIVOS 1.- Usamos el superlativo cuando comparamos una persona o cosa en un grupo con dos o más personas o cosas del mismo grupo. Martin is the tallest of the three brothers. I m the youngest in my family. Which is the most beautiful place you ve ever been to?. Normalmente usamos the con los superlativos. the tallest the youngest the most beautiful
OTROS USOS DE LOS COMPARATIVOS 1.- Usamos la estructura comparativo + and + comparativo para indicar un aumento o pérdida gradual. (cada vez más...) The weather is getting colder and colder. Things are becoming more and more expensive. 2.- Usamos the + comparative clause, the + comparative clause para indicar que dos cosas cambian juntas o que una cosa depende de la otra. (cuanto más... más...) The smaller a car is, the easier it is to park. The colder the weather, the higher my heating bills are.
OTHER USES OF COMPARATIVES AS...as (Comparativo de igualdad) Usamos as... as para decir que dos personas, cosas, etc son iguales. Judy is as tall as Martin. I am as old as you are. The exam was as difficult as we expected. Después de not, podemos usar as... as o so... as indistintamente. Judy isn t as tall as Carla. Today isn t as cold as yesterday. Judy isn t so tall as Carla. Today isn t so cold as yesterday. Less... than (Comparativo de inferioridad) Usamos less + adjective + than para comparar una persona, cosa, etc con otra. Judy is less tall than Martin. My novel is less interesting than yours. The exam was less difficult than we expected.
A Key Note presentation created by Alfonso López Rodríguez English Department IES Fco. de Quevedo 2007/2008