El GNL como combustible marítimo

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Silvia Soler Herrero
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1 El GNL como combustible marítimo El TMCD y su aportación a la competitividad del sector del transporte de mercancías por carretera Madrid, 6 de julio de 2017 Manuel Lage Secretario general 1

Natural gas in mobility CNG LNG Cars, vans, light trucks, urban buses, MSW trucks, distribution trucks Long distance heavy trucks, coaches, non electrified railways and ships Natural gas is the only

2 Natural gas in mobility CNG LNG Cars, vans, light trucks, urban buses, MSW trucks, distribution trucks Long distance heavy trucks, coaches, non electrified railways and ships Natural gas is the only alternative to oil derived fuels covering any type of transport and mobility use CNG is the recommended urban fuel (taxis, delivery vans, MSW trucks, buses & coaches + ship auxiliary engines) LNG will become the future professional fuel. 2

Reservas mundiales de gas natural (10 9 m 3 ) Consumo mundial de gas (2010):

800 mio m³ 117,100 248,800 Reservas: Mundo: Europa: 537 años 161 años 31,200

16,200153,200 Africa Middle East 25,100 480,100 South America Australia

3 Reservas mundiales de gas natural (10 9 m 3 ) Consumo mundial de gas (2010): mio m³ Europa: Total mio m³ GNVs mio m³ 117, ,800 Reservas: Mundo: Europa: 537 años 161 años 31,200 North America 372,400 6,30084,400 Europe Asia 35, ,700 9, ,200 16,200153,200 Africa Middle East 25, ,100 South America Australia 240,600 1,719,800 World Source: data BGR, graph works NGVA Europe Gas convencional Gas no convencional 3

MToe MTeq CO2 MTeq CO2 1400 Bioga 450 400 350 300 250 200 Previsiones europeas y americanas Hydrogen Electricity Biofuels 2nd generation Biofuels 1st generation Biogas/biomethane Natural

4 MToe MTeq CO2 MTeq CO Bioga Previsiones europeas y americanas Hydrogen Electricity Biofuels 2nd generation Biofuels 1st generation Biogas/biomethane Natural Electricitygas Oil products Baseline 150 Oil products Final energy consumption - Transport Hydrogen Biofuels 2nd generation Biofuels 1st generation Biogas/biomethane Natural gas Baseline Bio-natural gas Diesel Natu Oil pr GHG emissions - Transport Base North American forecast: 37% 4

tienen una autonomía de 300-400 km o El GNL incrementa la autonomía a 600-800 km o El GNL viene directamente de las terminales

5 GNC y GNL Diesel vs CNG & LNG. Equivalencia de autonomía CNG 5 litros 1 litro Diesel -162ºC at 1 bar -125ºC at 10 bar LNG/LBG 1,8 litros o Los vehículos de GNC tienen una autonomía de km o El GNL incrementa la autonomía a km o El GNL viene directamente de las terminales portuarias y no necesita compresión o La disponibilidad del GNL es independiente de la red de gas o La tecnología de los motores puede ser 100% gas o dual-fuel Con el GNL es posible usar gas natural en camiones de larga distancia 5

6 El consumo de GNL está muy determinado por los camiones de alta potencia +50% Iveco 330 & 400 CV Scania LNG 340 HP 6

7 Near zero emission concept: NO2 NO / NO 2 emission in Euro VI NG engines are zero 7

8 Near zero emission concept: PM PM emission in the Euro VI NG engines are only 4% of the limit 8

9 Emisión de CO2 de diferentes combustibles 9

10 Evolución del precio del gas natural y del crudo. Carga impositiva Petróleo Gas natural GNL como Madrid, combustible 1 de junio marítimo, de de julio

El gas natural y otros combustibles A la hora de promover los combustible alternativos, es imprescindible priorizar en función del volumen de petróleo desplazado, uno de los objetivos de la Directiva

11 El gas natural y otros combustibles A la hora de promover los combustible alternativos, es imprescindible priorizar en función del volumen de petróleo desplazado, uno de los objetivos de la Directiva europea de infraestructuras para combustibles alternativos. Veamos la situación en España con el parque 2016 de VE, de GLP y GNVs: Los vehículos eléctricos (motos excluidas), nos dan un consumo anual de: 20 GWh de energía, equivalente a toneladas de gasolina Los coches de Gas Licuado de Petróleo gastan al año: 596 GWh de energía, equivalentes a toneladas de GLP, todo procedente de destilación Los GNVs (GNC y GNL), mayormente pesados, gastan al año: GWh de energía, equivalentes a ton. de gas natural (~ toneladas de diesel). Al eliminar t de diesel, también evitamos producir t de GLP excedente. (La relación del GLP vs. Diesel en refino está entre 4% y 7,5% en función del proceso y del crudo). 11

12 Environmental Advantages Ships have the biggest diesel engines in mobility Ships have a very intensive operation Marine diesel fuels are unrefined and cheap Examples of Maritime Pollution 12

13 Emission Control Areas 13

14 Market situation Nowadays there are over 100 vessels powered by natural gas in operation. On the other hand, there are another 100 vessels under construction which will be in operation in a short time, data of Spanish shipyards are in position to take advantage of this technological opportunity and 7 ships Dual-Fuel have been built in Spain during the last two years. 14

15 LNG terminals in the Iberian peninsula MIBEL. Iberian market for electricity MIBGAS. Iberian market for gas 15

16 Spanish logistics infraestructure China Japan Turkey Spain LNG road tankers in service: units 600 units 350 units 250 units, more that all the rest of Europe together Operating Companies in LNG regasification plants: Source: Enagás Main companies of LNG tanks: 16

17 Experiences in Spain (1) Cleanport Project: Conversion of the auxiliary engine to LNG (Gas Natural Fenosa and Baleària) New auxiliary engine LNG Pure Gas Power: kw LNG Tank: 30m3 First LNG Ferry in the Mediterranean Sea First Bunkering operation at Barcelona Port (January 2017) 17

Experiences in Spain (2) Core LNGas Hive Project Jetties improvements

bunkering ship Study of LNG demand Study to promote the use of LNG as

fuel 12 LNG bunkering operations during the last years in several

18 Experiences in Spain (2) Core LNGas Hive Project Jetties improvements to carry out bunkering operations Design and construction of LNG bunkering ship Study of LNG demand Study to promote the use of LNG as fuel Fleet renewal plan for Balearia, with 3 new ferries, using LNG as fuel 12 LNG bunkering operations during the last years in several spanish ports: Vigo, Bilbao, Barcelona, Santander, Gijón, Cartagena and Algeciras) 18

conditions of quality and safety, covering: Operating procedure 1. Assignment of responsibilities 2. Equipment 3. Lines connection 4. Checking lines temperature and pressure 5.

19 GASNAM LNG Bunkering Guideline A first LNG Bunkering Guideline has been developed by GASNAM. This document brings together the equipment, both human and material, as well as the procedures or protocols necessary for the bunkering LNG to ships to be carried out under appropriate conditions of quality and safety, covering: Operating procedure 1. Assignment of responsibilities 2. Equipment 3. Lines connection 4. Checking lines temperature and pressure 5. Cryogenic pump start 6. Transfer completed and disconnection procedure Safety criteria Levels of protection Restricted area (three levels) The document is available on our web. Next developments: Guidelines for Ship to Ship and Pipe to Ship LNG Bunker, will be available shortly 19

20 LNG barriers Source: IGU 20

21 Conclusions and recommendations LNG as fuel is the best option for Shipowners: To meet emission reduction requirements due to their environmental advantages Economic benefits throughout the ship life cycle, operation and maintenance costs Availability of infrastructure to supply the demand for LNG as fuel Knowledge and technological maturity both in engines, installations and use of LNG but, Aid is needed from the EU in order to convert the European fleet towards a more sustainable ship operation. (CEF, TEN-T projects ) In Spain, vessels powered by LNG, pay a lower tax during their docking in port (-50%) (more incentives ) A tax regulation is needed to develop the LNG bunkering business during the firat years. 21

GASNAM Serrano 213, 1º B-1 28016 Madrid Teléfono: +34 910 180 875 secretaria@gasnam.

22 GASNAM Serrano 213, 1º B Madrid Teléfono: Esta presentación es propiedad de GASNAM. Tanto su contenido temático como diseño gráfico es para uso exclusivo de sus socios. 22

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