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Transcripción:

LESSON 13 TEACHER S GUIDE by Frances Morris Fountas-Pinnell Level K Informational Text Selection Summary Blind people sometimes need help, so they get specially-trained dogs to guide them. Guide dog puppies go to guide dog school where they learn to wear a harness and to follow complex directions. After they pass a test, the dogs are matched with a blind owner. The owner and dog become a team. por Frances Morris HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT Number of Words: 344 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure Content Themes and Ideas Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Vocabulary Words Illustrations Book and Print Features Introduction to concepts of guide dogs and guide dog schools Three sections, with titles, explain the three phases of a guide dog s training How guide dogs help blind people Important things guide dog puppies must learn Special training at guide dog school Guide dogs help blind people be more independent. Humans and animals can learn from each other. Guide dogs and owners have a partnership that goes far beyond what most pet owners have with their pets. Simple, clear language No fi gurative use of language Mostly simple sentences Some complex sentences: Eso es importante, porque los perros guía deben cuidar a sus dueños. Many terms related to guide dogs, some of which might not be familiar. Examples: ciego, guía, arnés, entrenador, equipo Many words shown in labeled photographs. Examples: perro guía, entrenador, arnés Clear photographs loosely support the text Twelve pages of text; photographs on every page Labels on photographs for many key concepts 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32305-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

by Frances Morris Build Background Help children think about the many things a guide dog for the blind must learn. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Alguna vez vieron a una persona ciega con un perro guía? De qué manera el perro ayuda a su dueño? Qué necesita saber? Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Tell children that this book is informational text, so the words and photos will give factual information about guide dogs and their training. Introduce the Text Guide children through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 3: Explain that this book tells about some dogs and the special school they go to. The dogs are learning an important job: how to help blind people. Suggested language: Vayan a la página 3 de este libro. Read the fi rst two sentences: A veces, las personas ciegas necesitan ayuda. Por eso utilizan perros que se llaman perros guía. Qué hacen los perros guía? Miren la foto y lean la etiqueta: perro guía. Pages 5 6: This section of the book is called En familia. Qué creen que aprenderán en esta parte del libro? Page 7: Vayan a la página 7. Qué forma de transporte usan para ir a la escuela? Cómo entrenarían a un cachorro para que se acostumbre a viajar en autobús o en tren? Por qué creen que se entrena a los perros guía para que estén cómodos en todas las clases de transporte? Pages 9: Point out the heading: En la escuela de perros guía. Draw attention to the photograph on the page. En esta foto, el perro usa un arnés. Un arnés no es lo mismo que una correa. Para qué le sirve el arnés al dueño ciego de un perro? Ahora vuelvan al comienzo del libro y lean para descubrir cómo los cachorros aprenden a ser perros guía. Target Vocabulary clase cosas que se aprenden o se enseñan, p. 9 comunidad grupo de personas que vive en la misma área cultura forma de vida de un pueblo especial algo diferente a todo lo demás, p. 13 idioma manera de hablar y escribir de las personas materia temas de estudio, como ciencias y música transporte una forma de mover personas o cosas de un lugar a otro, p. 7 usar ponerse algo sobre el cuerpo, p. 9 2

Read As children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem solving ability. Remind children to use the Analyze/Evaluate Strategy they feel about the text, and why. and to tell how Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite children to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: Qué les pareció lo más interesante de la escuela de perros guía? Qué los sorprendió más? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help children understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Guide dogs can help blind people go out and do things. Puppies live with a family and then go to school to learn to become guide dogs. Guide dogs help blind people cross streets, ride on transportation, and more. Guide dogs and their owners work together as a team. A trained guide dog makes a blind person more independent. Animals and humans can help each other and be partners. The photographs show how guide dogs are trained and how they help people. The labels help readers understand key words. 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The section titles help readers understand how the information is organized. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite children to choose a passage from the text to demonstrate phrased, fl uent oral reading. Remind them to pay attention to punctuation, and to pause when they see commas and stop when they see periods. Comprehension Based on your observations of the children s reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind children to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Remind children that there are many high-frequency words in the text that they know, such as irán, todos, familia, perros, comer, escuela, pájaro, gato, con, su. Have children refer to the classroom word wall, if possible, and make a list of the words in the text that they already know. 3

Writing about Reading Critical Thinking Have children complete the questions on Hoja reproducible 13.6. Responding Have children complete the activities at the back of the book. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension Skill Author s Purpose Remind children that they can think about details in the text to help them understand why the author wrote the book. Model the skill, using this Think Aloud: Think Aloud Por qué la autora escribió? Cuál fue su propósito al escribir? Pensemos en los detalles del libro: los cachorros de perro guía aprenden sus primeras lecciones viviendo con una familia; después van a la escuela de perros guía; luego se les hace una prueba para ver qué aprendieron. Creo que el autor escribió este libro para explicar cómo se entrena a los perros guía para su trabajo. Practice the Skill Have children write one sentence telling why they think the author used photos with labels in. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have children write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use what they know and their own experience to think about what happens in the text. Assessment Prompts Read this sentence: Van en auto y en otras formas de transporte. What does the word transporte mean in the sentence? What is the book mainly about? 4

Responder DESTREZA CLAVE Propósito del autor Cuál fue el propósito del autor al escribir esta historia? Copia la tabla. Escribe otro detalle del libro que explique cómo entrenan a los perros guía. Detalle Viven con una familia Detalle Trabajan con el entrenador Detalle? Propósito Explicar cómo entrenan a los perros guía. A escribir! El texto y tú Imagina que te gustaría tener un cachorro de perro guía en tu familia. Cómo convencerías a tus papás? Escribe un párrafo y explica por qué es una buena idea. Nombre Fecha Lección 13 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 13.6 15 Lee y contesta las preguntas. 1. Qué enseña la autora sobre los perros guía en la sección En familia? La autora enseña cómo los perros guía empiezan a entrenarse desde cachorros. 2. Por qué crees que es importante que los perros guía aprendan a relacionarse con las personas? Respuesta posible: Los perros guía necesitan aprender a relacionarse con las personas porque su trabajo es ayudar a las personas. 3. Por qué crees que los perros guía son importantes? Las respuestas variarán. Respuesta posible: Los perros guía ayudan a las personas ciegas a desplazarse con seguridad y sin la ayuda de otras personas. Hacer conexiones En y Escuelas alrededor del mundo aprendiste acerca de escuelas de perros guía y escuelas de personas. En qué son diferentes las escuelas de personas y las escuelas de perros guía? En qué se parecen? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. Lea las instrucciones a los niños.. All rights reserved. 8 Grado 2, Unidad 3: Dímelo a mí 5

Nombre Fecha Pensar más allá del texto Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en un párrafo. Piensa en las dificultades que puede tener una persona ciega para hacer cosas sin ayuda. Cómo puede un perro guía ayudar a una persona ciega a ser más independiente? Por qué un perro guía puede ser a veces mejor ayudante que una persona? 6

Nombre Lee y contesta las preguntas. Fecha Lección 13 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 13.6 1. Qué enseña la autora sobre los perros guía en la sección En familia? 2. Por qué crees que es importante que los perros guía aprendan a relacionarse con las personas? 3. Por qué crees que los perros guía son importantes? Hacer conexiones En y Escuelas alrededor del mundo aprendiste acerca de escuelas de perros guía y escuelas de personas. En qué son diferentes las escuelas de personas y las escuelas de perros guía? En qué se parecen? Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. 7

Estudiante NIVEL K Fecha Lección 13 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 13.9 Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 3 A veces, las personas ciegas necesitan ayuda. Por eso utilizan perros que se llaman perros guía. Los perros guía ayudan a los ciegos a andar por el mundo. 4 Los cachorros de perro guía tienen que aprender muchas cosas. Cuando sean grandes, irán a una escuela. Pero antes, cada cachorro vive con una familia. 5 El cachorro conoce a todos en la familia. Pero solo una persona de la familia es el maestro. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/71 100) % Self-Correction Rate (# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections) 1: Behavior Code Error Read word correctly lobo 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase lobo Omission lobo 1 0 Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo lobo 1 Self-corrects lodo sc lobo Insertion el ˆlobo 1 Word told T 1 lobo 0 ISBN-13: 978-0-547-32305-3 ISBN-10: 0-547-32305-0 90000 9 780547 323053 1416148 8