LESSON 3 SER Y ESTAR
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- Alfonso Cruz Valenzuela
- hace 10 años
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1 LESSON 3 SER Y ESTAR Introduction Objectives Prerequisites Vocabulary Building Decision Table Ser y Estar mean to be. However, in Spanish they are two entirely different verbs. In this lesson, the student will become acquainted with their: Meaning Conjugation Uses Upon completion of this lesson, the student will be able to: 1. Conjugate the verb ser in the present tense 2. Use the the verb ser in the proper context 3. Conjugate the verb estar in the present tense 4. Use the the verb estar in the proper context 5. Discriminate between ser and estar Understand agreement between subject and verb Be familiar with past and present participles You are encouraged to use a dictionary to expand your vocabulary. If you think that you are already familiar with the objectives, proceed to Lesson 4 on page
2 THE VERB SER Introduction The verb SER (to be): o defines the subject (essence) o indicates who or what the subject is. Conjugation SER (to BE) Yo soy Tú eres Él/Ella/Usted es Nosotros somos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes son 53
3 PRACTICE ACTIVITY I Fill in the blanks with the correct form of ser: 1. yo 2. tú y él 3. ella 4. nosotros 5. María y Juan 6. Elena 7. tú 8. ellas 9. Usted 10. Ustedes Go to page 66 to check your responses. 54
4 USES OF SER Introduction In general, the verb SER identifies or states an essential characteristic of the subject. Uses of SER include: SER + Adjective SER + Adjective is generally used to indicate a permanent or essential characteristic of the subject. Examples: Marta es inteligente. (Marta is smart.) Juan es Cubano. (Juan is Cuban.) La mesa es redonda.(the table is round.) La yerba es verde. (Grass is green.) Used with religion, professions, political beliefs Examples: Ella es Católica. (She is a Catholic.) Carlos es dentista. (Carlos is a dentist.) Miguel es demócrata. (Miguel is a Democrat.) Material Examples: something is La puerta es de Madera. (The door is made of made of wood. ) La sortija es de oro. (The ring is made of gold). La ventana es de vidrio.) The window is made of glass.) Origin or Possession (Ser De) Examples: El libro es de Isabel. (The book belongs to Isabel.) Marcos es de Argentina. (Marcos is from Argentina.) 55
5 USES OF SER (Con t) SER is used to express: Time of Day Examples: Qué hora es? (What time is it?) Es la una. (It is one o clock.) Son las tres. (It is three o clock.) Meaning to take place Examples: Las elecciones son el diez el martes. (Elections are on Tuesday.) El exámen es en el cuarto 104. (The exam is in Room 104.) Impersonal expressions Examples: Es imposible. (It s impossible.) Es necesario. (It s necessary.) Es lástima. (It s a pity.) 56
6 USES OF SER (Con t) SER is used to express: Ser para Indicates for whom something is intended. Examples: Este regalo es para Esperanza. (This present is for Esperanza.) El libro es para él. (The book is for him.) 57
7 PRACTICE ACTIVITY II Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb SER: 1. las dos de la tarde. 2. imposible. 3. Nosotros de Cuba. 4. El regalo para ti. 5. La casa de madera. 6. Ustedes médicos. 7. Yo Protestante. 8. Los libros para la maestra. 9. Ella siempre bonita. 10. Este lápiz de la profesora. Go to page 67 to check your responses. 58
8 THE VERB ESTAR Introduction The verb ESTAR (to be) refers to: o the subject s state or condition. o a location of the subject. Conjugation ESTAR (to BE) Yo estoy Tú estás Él/Ella/Usted está Nosotros estamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes están 59
9 PRACTICE ACTIVITY III Fill in the blanks with the correct form of estar: 1. tú 2. usted 3. ellos 4. yo 5. tú y yo 6. Angie 7. Petra y Ricardo 8. usted 9. ustedes 10. él Go to page 68 to check your responses. 60
10 USES OF ESTAR Introduction In general, the verb ESTAR is used to indicate the state, location, or condition the subject. It is also used to indicate the result of an action or to form the progressive tense. Estar is used to express: ESTAR + Adjective ESTAR + Adjective is generally used to indicate a temporary characteristic of the subject. Example: Marta está fea hoy. (Marta looks ugly today.) By using estar the adjective fea becomes a temporary condition. With a past participle Example: La puerta está cerrada. (The door is closed.) The use of estar indicates the result of an action. Location of the subject Examples: Madrid está en Espaňa.(Madrid is in Spain.) El libro está en la mesa. Progressive Form Examples: Yo estoy comiendo. (I am eating.) Ella está cantando. (She is singing). 61
11 PRACTICE ACTIVITY IV Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb ESTAR: 1. Yo en la casa. 2. El curso terminado. 3. Nosotros comiendo. 4. Ella bonita hoy. 5. Texas en los Estados Unidos. 6. Usted hablando demasiado. 7. La comida servida. 8. El niňo aburrido en la clase. 9. Tú casada con un buen hombre. 10. Ustedes enfermos. Go to page 69 to check your responses. 62
12 SER AND ESTAR CONTRASTED Introduction In Spanish SER and ESTAR are two vwry distinct verbs. When accompanied by an adjective, they describe very different sutuations. With an Adjective SER + ADJ La nieve es fría. (essence) Yo soy aburrida. (I am boring.) Él es viejo. (He is old.) El niňo es malo. (The child is mean.) INHERENT CHARACTERISTIC ESTAR +ADJ La sopa está fría. (condition) Yo estoy aburrida. (I am bored.) Él está viejo. (He looks old.) El niňo está malo. (The child is sick.) TEMPORARY STATE 63
13 PRACTICE ACTIVITY V Use SER or ESTAR according to the context: 1. El café caliente. para ti. 2. El profesor de Perú, pero ahora en Argentina.. 3. La profesora aburrida, por eso sus estudiantes aburridos. 4. Nosotros listos para salir. 5. El libro de Juan y en la mesa. 6. La casa pintada. de María. 7. El vestido verde. Ella linda hoy. 8. Mario viejo. Tiene 99 aňos. 9. Ellos estudiando espaňol. 10. imposible comer tanto sin enfermarse. Go to page 70 to check your responses. 64
14 LESSON TEST I. Write the correct form of the verb in parenthesis: 1. yo (ser) 2. él (estar) 3. nosotros (ser) 4. ella (ser) 5. tú (estar) 6. yo (estar) 7. él (ser) 8. nosotros (estar) 9. ella (estar) 10. tú (ser) II. Choose SER or ESTAR according to the context: 1. La sopa fría. 2. Espaňa en Europa. 3. El libro en la mesa. de la profesora. 4. Nosotros listos para salir. 5. Carlos feo hoy. 6. Yo enferma. 7. La casa terminada. Ellos pintando ahora. 8. necesario estudiar para los exámenes. 9. La corbata para Raúl. 10. Yo cansada de tanto pensar. Go to page 71 to check your responses. 65
15 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity I 1. soy 2. son 3. es 4. somos 5. son 6. es 7. eres 8. son 9. es 10. son 66
16 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity II 1. son 2. es 3. somos 4. es 5. es 6. son 7. soy 8. son 9. es 10. es 67
17 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity III 1. estás 2. está 3. están 4. estoy 5. estamos 6. está 7. están 8. está 9. están 10. está 68
18 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity IV 1. estoy 2. está 3. estamos 4. está 5. está 6. está 7. está 8. está 9. estás 10. están 69
19 Practice Activity V 1. está/es 2. es/está 3. es/están 4. estamos 5. es/está 6. está/es 7. es/está 8. es 9. están 10. Es 70
20 ANSWER KEY Lesson Test I. 1. soy 2. está 3. somos 4. es 5. estás 6. estoy 7. es 8. estamos 9. está 10. eres II. 1. está 2. está 3. está/es 4. estamos 5. está 6. estoy 7. está/están 8. Es 9. es 10. estoy 71
21 LESSON TEST DECISION TABLE Decision Table If You took the lesson test as a pretest and you scored 100% You missed more than two questions in section I You missed more than 2 answers in section II You missed more than 2 answers in section III You missed more than 2 answers in section IV You missed more than 2 answers in section V You missed fewer than two questions in each section Then Go to next lesson Go back to page 53 Go back to pages Go back to page 59 Go back to page 61 Go back to page 63 Congratulations! You are ready for the next lesson 72
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