PRINT IT! Spanish Conjugation Chart. Simple Tenses.
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1 PRINT IT! Spanish Conjugation Chart Simple Tenses
2 This chart presents conjugation for all simple tenses of the Indicativo mood. Each page is set up for print as A4 size with 3 cm overlap so you can put it together and hang it on the wall. To view the chart online in Deep Zoom visit: Copyright 2012, 2013 How to Conjugate Spanish Verbs All Rights Reserved
3 Pretérito Imperfecto Used when describing habitual events in the past And ongoing actions which were happening simultaneously. IR There are only 3 irregular verbs In Pretérito Imperfecto ER IR AR HABLAR Yo Tu él/ella/ud. nosotros/nosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/uds. COMER SER IR VER habl aba habl abas habl aba com ía com ías com ía era eras era iba ibas iba veía veías veía I You She/he/unfa habl ábamos habl abais habl aban com íamos com íais com ían éramos erais eran íbamos ibais iban veíamos veíais veían We You (pl) They/unfam Notice: All endings in the grey area are the same Notice: ver has the same endings. Just add E to the stem.
4 Pretérito Perfecto Used to describe an action or event in the past that is and to describe series of events that fol ously. R spellin Because the by a/o/u an the stem to 3 bs rfecto the letters followed b the letters followed b letter c wh by a/o/u ER IR AR ER HABLAR s I You She/he/unfamiliar you mos is n We You (pl) They/unfamiliar you (pl) m. IRR yo tú él/ella/ud. nosotros/nosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/uds. COMER habl é habl aste habl ó com í com iste com ió habl amos habl asteis habl aron com imos com isteis com ieron C Q TOC YO TOQ Notice: All endings in the brown area are the same irregularity
5 térito fecto he past that is viewed as over and done with events that follow one another. IR spelling correction necessary spelling correction necessary Because the pronunciation is different when the letter c, g and z are followed by a/o/u and different when followed by e/i, we need to change the spelling of the stem to preserve the pronunciation of the infinitive. Because it would be hard to pronounce the letter I between vowels, we need to change it to the letter y. This situation happens in the -ER and -IR groups where the stem ends with the vowel. the letters qu when followed by e/i are pronounced like the letter c when followed by a/o/u the letters gu when followed by e/i are pronounced like the letter g when followed by a/o/u letter c when followed by e/i is pronounced like the letter z, when followed by a/o/u Some verbs change -AR -ER -IR CAR GAR ZAR QU GU C TOCAR LLEGAR Stem ends with vowel INCLUIR YÓ YERON EL/ELLA/USTED ABRAZAR YO YO YO TOQUÉ LLEGUÉ ABRACÉ I ELLOS/ELLAS/USTEDES PEDI INCLUIR ÉL/ELLA/ USTED ELLOS/ELLAS/ USTEDES irregularity caused by spelling correction E INCLUYÓ INCLUYERON ÉL/ELLA/ USTED PIDI ELLOS/ELLAS/ USTEDES PIDI
6 The following verbs have irregular stems: ome verbs change last vowel stem: -IR E O I U PEDIR ÉL/ELLA/ USTED LOS/ELLAS/ USTEDES DORMIR MORIR PIDIÓ DURMIÓ MURIÓ PIDIERON DURMIERON MURIERON only those 2 verbs are in this group andar estar haber hacer poder poner querer saber satisfacer tener traer decir -ducir venir anduv estuv hub hic pud pus quis sup satisfic tuv traj dij -duj vin AR ER IR e iste o e iste io imos isteis ieron imo istei iero the only difference
7 Pre Used to describe an action, And to talk about things in general, or to sa g verbs ar stems: AR ER IR e iste o e iste io I you she/he/unfamiliar you imos isteis ieron imos isteis ieron we you (pl) they/unfamiliar you (pl) the only difference yo tú él/ella/ud. nosotros/nosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/uds. AR ER IR HABLAR COMER VIVIR habl o habl as habl a com o com es com e viv o viv es viv e habl amos habl áis habl an com emos com éis com en viv imos viv ís viv en Notice: All endings in the red area are the same Notice: the -ER and -IR groups have common parts in their endings
8 Presente ibe an action, state or event in the present moment eneral, or to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly ULAR R s IR Completely irregular verbs: -AR -ER IR E VIVIR ESTAR HABER SER IR viv o viv es viv e estoy estás está he has ha soy eres es voy vas va viv imos viv ís viv en estamos estáis están hemos habéis han somos sois son vamos vais van e: the -ER and -IR ps have common ts in their endings IE MENTIR D YO MIENTO D TÚ MIENTES D ÉL/ELLA/ USTED MIENTE D NOSOTROS/ NOSOTRAS MENTIMOS DO VOSOTROS/ VOSOTRAS MENTÍS DO MIENTEN D ELLOS/ELLAS /USTEDES
9 Spelling correction necessary Spelling correction necessary Those verbs belong to the group which in the infinitive form contains a diphthong. It means a weak vowel i/u and a strong vowel a/e/o are combined in a single syllable giving a sound which begins as one vowel and moves towards the other. English also has it in words like: cloud, coin. A weak u followed by a strong a/e/o in a single syllable form a diphthong. It means the u would lose a distinct sound in pronunciation and the word formed would not sound similar to the infinitive any more. For that reason, to match the pronunciation, we need to add the letter y between the vowels. In this verb group the weak vowel is stressed in pronunciation, so to preserve it in writing (avoiding the diphthong) we need to add an accent. -AR -ER -IR -IR -IAR -UAR -UIR E O E I U I IE UE I Í Ú Y MENTIR DORMIR PEDIR ESQUIAR EVALUAR INCLUIR MIENTO DUERMO PIDO ESQUÍO EVALÚO INCLUYO MIENTES DUERMES PIDES ESQUÍAS EVALÚAS INCLUYES MIENTE DUERME PIDE ESQUÍA EVALÚA INCLUYE ENTIMOS DORMIMOS PEDIMOS ESQUIAMOS ESQUIAMOS INCLUIMOS ENTÍS DORMÍS PEDÍS ESQUIÁIS ESQUIÁIS INCLUÍS DUERMEN PIDEN ESQUÍAN EVALÚAN INCLUYEN MIENTEN irregularity caused by spelling correction
10 rection strong a/e/o m a diphthong. ose a distinct and the t sound any more. tch the ed to add he vowels. O ES E EN Used t The first person singular is irregular and needs to be memorized. ALL SOME -CER/ -CIR -ER/ -IR C use G in the stem ZC G CONOCER HACER YO YO CONOZCO HAGO H yo tú él/ella/ud. nosotros/nosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/uds.
11 Futuro Used to describe an action or event that will happen in the future And to indicate an intense demand. IR The following verbs have irregular stems but regular endings: ARER IR HABLAR + yo tú él/ella/ud. nosotros/nosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/uds. hablar é hablar ás hablar á hablar emos hablar éis hablar án caber haber hacer poder querer saber poner tener valer salir venir decir hacer deshacer satisfacer cabr habr har podr querr sabr pondr tendr valdr saldr vendr dir har deshar satisfar Notice: The irregular verbs use the same regular endings + é ás á I you she/he/unfamiliar you emos éis án we you (pl) they/unfamiliar you (pl)
12 STEM ENDING
13 STEM ENDING
14 YO IR STEM IN YO I->Y ENDING STEM IR ENDING IN ÉL/ELLA/USTED AND ELLOS/ELLAS /USTEDES
15 Él/ELLA/USTED ELLOS/ELLAS/USTEDES IR STEM IN ÉL/ELLA/USTED AND ELLOS/ELLAS /USTEDES ENDING
16 STEM ENDING
17 AR NG /USTEDES MIENTEN D
18 MIENTEN DUERMEN PIDEN ESQUÍAN EVALÚAN irregularity caused by spelling correction YO/TÚ/ÉL/ELLA/USTED ELLOS/ELLAS/USTEDES IR STEM IN SINGULAR FORMS ENDING AND ELLOS/ELLAS /USTEDES INCLUYEN
19 EN YO IR STEM IN YO ENDING STEM
20 STEM ENDING IR STEM ENDING
Drop IR, and add. yo í nosotros imos nosotras. tú iste vosotros isteis vosotras. ella ió ellas ieron
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