Unidad 1 Estados Unidos Lección 1 Qué te gusta hacer?

Transcripción

1 Unidad 1 Estados Unidos Lección 1 Qué te gusta hacer? In this lesson you will learn to Talk about activities Tell where you are from Say what you like and don t like to do Using Ser De to describe where you are from Gustar with an infinitive Recuerdas? Weather expressions Talk About Activities 1. alquilar un DVD to rent a DVD 2. abrir to open 3. andar en patineta to skateboard 4. aprender el español to learn Spanish 5. asistir to attend 6. beber to drink 7. comer to eat 8. comprar to buy 9. correr to run 10. cuidar niños to baby-sit 11. deber + infinitive verb (Should)To be obliged to, to be to, must, ought, would, have to 12. descansar to rest 13. dibujar to draw 14. escribir correos electrónicos to write s

2 15. escuchar música to listen to music 16. estudiar to study 17. hablar por teléfono to talk on the phone 18. hacer la tarea to do homework 19. hay There is, there are 20. imprimir To print (off the computer or a newspaper) 21. jugar al fútbol to play soccer 22. leer un libro to read a book 23. manejar to drive 24. mirar la televisión to watch television 25. montar en bicicleta to ride a bike 26. pasar un rato con los amigos to spend time with friends 27. pasear to go for a walk 28. pintar to paint 29. practicar deportes to practice/play sports 30. preparar la comida to prepare food/a meal 31. tocar la guitarra to play the guitar 32. trabajar to work 33. tocar un instrumento to play an instrument Say What You Like and Don t Like to Do 34. Qué te gusta hacer? What do you like to do? 35. Te gusta? Do you like? 36. Me gusta I like 37. No me gusta I don t like Snack Foods and Beverages 38. el agua (feminine) water 39. la fruta fruit

3 40. los dulces candy 41. la galleta cookie 42. las galletas saladas crackers 43. el helado ice cream 44. el jugo juice 45. la limonada lemonade 46. la merienda snack 47. las papas fritas French fries 48. las papitas chips 49. la pizza pizza 50. el refresco soft drink Other Words and Phrases 51. la actividad activity 52. antes de + infinitive verb before 53. el club club 54. después de + infinitive verb afterwards 55. después after 56. la escuela school 57. más more 58. o or 59. pero but 60. el piano piano 61. también also

4 The verb ser Ser, which means, to be, is an irregular verb. Use ser to describe what a person or thing is like. Here are the present tense forms: yo soy tú eres usted él es ella nosotros somos vosotros sois ustedes ellos son ellas Use the verb ser to describe inherent characteristics, to tell origin, and to identify things (noun-noun) Marisa es baja y bonita. El plato principal es la pizza. Marisa is short and pretty. The main dish is the pizza. Use de with the verb ser to talk about where someone is from. Mis profesores son de México. My teachers are from Mexico.

5 Ser to be Acronym: CNOT haracteristics oun to noun (Pronoun) Yo soy alta. El hombre es el profesor. Él es el profesor. El hombre es él. rigin ime/date Yo soy de México. Yo soy mexicana. Son las tres. Es el 4 de diciembre. Ser to be POP TOP ersonality wnership rofession Yo soy simpático. El libro es de Juan. Yo soy profesora ime/date rigin hysical traits Son las tres. Es el 4 de diciembre. Yo soy de México Yo soy alta.

6 Hay Hay means both there is and there are : Hay there is there are Hay helado. Hay sillas. In the negative No hay No hay helado. No hay sillas. There s ice cream. There are chairs. there isn t there aren t There isn t any ice cream. There aren t any chairs. When used in a question hay means: Is there? or Are there? Hay? Is there? Are there? Hay ensalada hoy? Hay papas fritas? Is there salad today? Are there French fries? In the negative No hay? Isn t there? Aren t there? No hay helado? No hay sillas? Isn t there any ice cream? Aren t there any chairs?

7 Infinitives Verbs are words that are most often used to name actions. Verbs in English have different forms depending on who is doing the action or when the action is occurring: I walk, she walks, we walked, etc An infinitive tells the meaning of the verb without indicating any subject. It is the most basic form of the verb. When you need to look up a verb, you will always need to look up the infinitive form. In English, you can spot infinitives because they always have the word "to" in front of them: to buy, to learn, to write Infinitives in Spanish, though, don t have a separate word like "to" in front of them. Spanish infinitives are only one word, and always end in -ar, -er, or -ir: comprar, aprender, escribir -ar verbs alquilar un DVD andar en patineta comprar cuidar niños descansar dibujar to rent a DVD to skateboard to buy to baby-sit to rest to draw

8 escuchar música estudiar hablar por teléfono jugar al fútbol manejar mirar la televisión montar en bicicleta pasar un rato con los amigos pasear pintar practicar deportes preparar la comida tocar la guitarra tocar un instrumento trabajar -er verbs aprender el español beber comer correr to listen to music to study to talk on the phone to play soccer to drive to watch television to ride a bike to spend time with friends to go for a walk to paint to practice/play sports to prepare food/a meal to play the guitar to play an instrument to work to learn Spanish to drink to eat to run

9 deber hacer la tarea leer un libro -ir verbs abrir asistir escribir correos electrónicos imprimir (Should)To be obliged to, to be to, must, ought, would, have to to do homework to read a book to open to attend to write s To print (off the computer or a newspaper)

10 Defective Verb Gustar The verb gustar expresses likes and it does not work like regular verbs. Regular verbs are conjugated according to the subject. Gustar however does not use subject pronouns. That is to say it is preceded by me, te, le, when stating that I, you, he or she like something. When stating that we, you (plural), or they like something, gustar is preceded by nos, os, or les. me, te, le, nos, os, or les are indirect object pronouns. Thus the verb gustar is considered defective because it is generally only conjugated in the third person followed by the verb's subject and preceded by an object. So the word order is: Indirect object pronoun + verb + subject Other verbs that are usually used in the same way include: aburrir doler encantar faltar importar interesar parecer quedar sorprender to bore to hurt or ache to like a lot/to love/to enchant to be lacking/ to be insufficient to matter to interest to seem to remain / to fit to surprise In reality these verbs aren't truly defective verbs, because they exist in all conjugations, even though they are most common in the third person. The way they are used also doesn't seem to be particularly unusual to native Spanish speakers; they tend initially to be confusing to English speakers learning Spanish because of the way they are translated.

11 Generally gustar is taught to mean to like however the true meaning is to be pleasing. English speakers do not generally go around saying things like Peanut butter is pleasing to me. What is commonly heard is I like peanut butter. So gustar is agreeing with what is following it, while what is before gustar is indicating who is doing the liking. Use me gusta to talk about a singular noun or an infinitive verb. Me gusta el café y me gusta comer el helado. me te le nos les } gusta } Singular noun or Infinitive verb Anytime you talk about an acitivity (verbs) such as playing a sport, singing, dancing, etc the defective verb must in the singular form. Me gusta cantar. A ella le gusta cantar y bailar. I like to sing. She like to sing and dance. Ejemplos: Gustar with an Infinitive or singular noun me gusta comer la crema de cacahuate nos gusta comer la crema de cacahuate me gusta la clase nos gusta la clase te gusta comer la crema de cacahuate os gusta comer la crema de cacahuate te gusta la clase os gusta la clase le gusta comer la crema de cacahuate les gusta comer la crema de cacahuate le gusta la clase les gusta la clase

12 Use me gustan to talk about plural nouns or more than one noun. Me gustan las fresas pero no me gustan mucho los plátanos. me te le nos les } gustan } plural nouns or more than one noun Ejemplo: Gustar with plural nouns or with more than one noun. me gustan las frutas nos gustan las frutas me gustan la piña y el plátano nos gustan la piña y el plátano te gustan las frutas os gustan las frutas te gustan la piña y el plátano os gustan la piña y el plátano ate le gustan las frutas les gustan las frutas le gustan la piña y el plátano les gustan la piña y el plátano When you use me gusta and me gustan to talk about a noun, include el, la, los, or las. Me gusta el jugo de naranja pero no me gusta la leche. So in the statement Le gusta comer la crema de cacahuate. It is unclear who likes eating peanut butter. It could be he, she or you formal likes to eat peanut butter. I can clarify my statement by saying A Paco le gusta comer la crema de cacahuate. So the formula a + [name or pronoun] is frequently used to clarify or emphasize who is doing the liking To clarify:

13 Le gusta a Rafael? A ellos no les gusta. Does Rafael like it? They don t like it. To emphasize: A mí me gusta mirar la televisión! Me, I like to watch television! A nosotros nos gusta mirar la televisión! Us, we like to watch television! In the above statement is may sound redundant however it is emphasizing who exactly like to watch television. a mí a ti a usted a él a ella me gusta(n) te gusta(n) le gusta(n) le gusta(n) le gusta(n) a nosotros(as) a vosotros (as) a ustedes a ellos a ellas nos gusta(n) os gusta(n) les gusta(n) les gusta(n) les gusta(n) For now think of defective verbs as having only two conjugations, the 3rd person singular and plural (gusta and gustan) Infinitive Inglés 3rd person singular 3rd person plural aburrir to bore aburre aburren doler [o >ue] to hurt or ache duele duelen encantar to like a lot/to love/to enchant encanta encantan faltar to be lacking/ to be insufficient falta faltan importar to matter importa importan interesar to interest interesan interesan parecer to seem parece parecen quedar to remain / to fit queda quedan sorprender to surprise sorprende sorprenden

14 For Negative Sentences Ejemplos: Emphasizers/ clarifiers A mí A él, A ella, A usted Indirect Object Pronoun Defective verb What defective verb agreed with No me fascina Soccer is fascinating el fútbol. to me. A ti No te molestan los moscos. Flies are bothering me. No le interesan los deportes. Sports are interesting to him. A nosotros No nos duele el estomago. The stomach is hurting us. A ellos, No les aburren las clases. Classes are boring to A ellas, them. A ustedes The word order is the opposite of that in English. Soccer fascinates me. Flies bother me. Sports interest him. The stomach hurts us. Classes bore them. Remember that possessive adjectives are not used with body parts. Use the definite article instead. Me duele la cabeza. (Literally the head is aching me.)

15 Clase de Español 1 Expressing Agreement or Disagreement To agree with what a person likes, you use "a mí también." It's like saying "me too" in English. Me gusta pasar tiempo con amigos. A mí también. I like to spend time with friends. Me too. If someone tells you that he or she dislikes something, you can agree by saying "a mí tampoco." It's like saying "me neither", or "neither do I" in English. No me gusta nada cantar. A mí tampoco. I don't like to sing at all. Me neither. When two verbs go walking the first does the talking To conjugate or NOT to conjugate: Infinitive Phrases Common Infinitive Phrases Prepositional phrases are generally followed by an infinitive. Such as: Antes de+ infinitive Después de + infinitive Me gusta + infinitivo Deber + infinitive Before + infinitive After + infinitive I like + infinitive Should + infinitive Ejemplos: Antes de comer una hamburguesa debes lavarte las manos. Before eating a hamburger you should wash your hands. 10/07/ :39 AM 15

16 Clase de Español 1 Después de comer, debes descansar un poco. After eating, you should rest a little. Nos gusta andar en patineta. We like to skateboard. When two verbs go walking Man Pedro, you are so lucky you don t have to talk People always look at me to see what s going on, who is doing what blah, blah, blah Grrr If I could talk, I wouldn t be on this stinking leash letting you control everything! The first verb does the talking. (i.e. in verb pairs, only the first verb is conjugated and the second stays in the infinitive) Ex: Debemos estudiar, Te gusta patinar Expansión del Vocabulario Talk About Activities la reunión trabajar a tiempo parcial trabajar de voluntario Instruments el clarinete la flauta meeting to work part-time to volunteer clarinet flute 10/07/ :39 AM 16

17 Clase de Español 1 el saxofón el tambor la trompeta la viola el violín Snack Foods and Beverages las galletitas el chicle Unidad 1 Estados Unidos Lección 1 Qué te gusta hacer? Chapter Notes saxophone drum trumpet viola violin cookies chewing gum Infinitives 1 U1L1 Vocabulary Defective Verb Gustar with an Infinitive or a singular noun The verb ser When two verbs go walking the first does the talking 10/07/ :39 AM 17