Fountas-Pinnell Level S Informational Text. by Nancy N. Ragno

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1 LESSON 14 TEACHER S GUIDE by Nancy N. Ragno Fountas-Pinnell Level S Informational Text Selection Summary The earth is full of bugs. Bugs are useful in many ways. They can be used for food, production of useful products like silk and honey, and to help many ecosystems stay intact and run smoothly. The benefits of insects far outweigh the negatives. Number of Words: 1891 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational text Text Structure Third-person narrative organized in seven chapters Descriptions and photographs help reader visualize the information provided in the text Content Factual information about the benefi ts of insects Themes and Ideas The world would be in trouble without insects. Insects are viewed in different ways around the world. Insects are necessary for the existence of many ecosystems. Language and Factual language Literary Features Descriptive language Sentence Complexity A mix of short and complex sentences Vocabulary Scientifi c terms, some of which are not defi ned in text, such as ecosistemas, cadenas alimenticias and polinización Words Many multisyllable words, such as polinización, colonias, organismos, hermosas Illustrations Photographs Captions for pictures Book and Print Features Twelve pages of text Chapter headings on most pages Bulleted list Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida Printed in the U.S.A If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

2 by Nancy N. Ragno Build Background Help students use their knowledge of insects to visualize the text. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: Les gustan los insectos Por qué Qué tipos de insectos suele haber donde ustedes viven Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Note the various graphic features in the selection. Tell students that this is informational text. Ask them what kinds of features they can expect to find in this type of selection. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Pages 2 3: Explain that this selection is about how insects are essential to the existence of Earth. Suggested language: Miren la página 2 de este libro. El contenido dice de qué tratarán las diferentes secciones del libro. El primer capítulo tratará acerca de por qué los insectos son esenciales. Por qué creen que estos organismos son esenciales Page 4: Look at the bulleted list on this page. Explain that the list shows how insects benefi t people. Un rol importante de los insectos es fertilizar las semillas. Cómo fertilizan las abejas las plantas Page 6: Ask: Cuáles son algunos materiales que usan las personas para reciclar y así proteger la tierra Qué clase de reciclaje creen que realizan los insectos Explain to students that bugs help recycle certain materials, helping to fertilizar soil. Pages 7 9: Explain to students that a predator is an animal that hunts and kills other animals. Tell students that the difference between a predator and a parasite is that a parasite does not kill its victim immediately, like a predator. Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo de la selección y lean sobre la importancia de los insectos. Expand Your Vocabulary característica un rasgo que ayuda a distinguir a una persona o cosa de otra, p. 5 enzimas cualquiera de las muchas proteinas normales o conjugadas que producen los organismos vivos y que funcionan como catalizadores bioquímicos, p. 6 fertilizar hacer fértil (la tierra, por ejemplo), p. 4 gusanos larvas de cuerpo blando y sin patas de cualquiera de las moscas del orden Díptera, halladas a menudo en materia en descomposición, p. 6 organismos formas de vida individuales, como las plantas, los animales, las bacterias, los protistas o los hongos, p. 3 2

3 Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Question Strategy questions they might have about the text as they read. and to think of Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: Qué es lo más interesante que aprendieron sobre los insectos sociales Después de leer el libro, cambió lo que pensaban acerca de los insectos Por qué sí Por qué no Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Insects have many different uses. Insects are considered delicacies in many parts of the world. The earth would not be same without insects. People need to begin to think differently about the usefulness of insects. People are scared or unsure if they don t know enough about something Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The photographs help the reader see insects in a different way. The author includes lots of descriptions to help the reader visualize the text. The graphic features help give the reader a clearer understanding of the text. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to participate in choral reading. Remind them to group words into meaningful units, or phrases. Point out that phrasing involves pausing at punctuation, such as periods, commas, and dashes, as well as places that do not have punctuation. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Point out that the prefi x pre- in prejuicio on page 10 comes from the Latin root word prae, which means antes or en frente. Other words that use this root include prehistórico, previamente, prefi jo, and preestreno. 3

4 Writing about Reading Critical Thinking Have students complete the questions on Hoja reproducible Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension on Skill Text and Graphic Features Remind students that text and graphic features can give them more information about what they read. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a Think Aloud like the one below: Think Aloud La tabla de la página 8 del libro ayuda a comprender la diferencia entre los predadores y los parásitos. Agreguen esta información a su tabla. Agreguen también que el título Los insectos y la dieta humana de la página 9 informa al lector acerca de los insectos que pueden servir de alimentos a los humanos. Estos detalles muestran lo útiles que pueden ser las características del texto o elementos gráficos. Practice the Skill Encourage students to share their examples of another selection in which text and graphic features helped to provide more information about the subject. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts Which words on page 3 help the reader understand the meaning of organismos One idea present in this selection is that. The main purpose of the graphic features is to. 4

5 Responder Características textuales y gráficas Qué características textuales y gráficas se utilizan en este libro Piensa en los títulos, el texto al pie de las ilustraciones, los cuadros, las fotografías y otras características que te ayuden a entender mejor el libro. Copia y completa el siguiente cuadro. Características textuales y gráficas p. 3 Fotografía y leyenda al pie Propósito A escribir! De texto a texto Escribe un párrafo donde describas características textuales y gráficas de otro libro y cómo te ayudaron a comprender mejor lo que leíste. Nombre Fecha Lección 14 HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES Lee y contesta las preguntas. Respuestas posibles. 4_036021_LR3_4AL_BUGS_L14.indd 15 11/23/09 2:06:13 PM 1. Piensa dentro del texto Qué productos hechos por insectos utilizan las personas Algunos productos que las personas obtienen de los insectos son la miel, la seda, la cera y algunos tintes naturales. 2. Piensa dentro del texto Por qué la Tierra no está cubierta de insectos La Tierra no está cubierta de insectos porque algunos insectos matan a otros insectos. 3. Piensa más allá del texto Cuál crees que es la forma más importante en que los insectos ayudan a los humanos Explica tu respuesta. Creo que la forma en que los insectos ayudan más a los humanos es mediante la polinización de flores y plantas. Los humanos se alimentan de frutas y verduras como parte de su dieta, y las flores hacen que el mundo sea un lugar más bello. 4. Piensa acerca del texto Mira la lista marcada con puntos en la página 4. Por qué crees que la autora incluyó este tipo de texto La lista marcada con puntos hace un resumen y presenta el texto que va a aparecer. Me ayuda a entender lo que voy a leer. Hacer conexiones A la mayoría de la gente no le agrada la idea de comer insectos. Sin embargo, los insectos aún son una fuente de alimento en otras partes del mundo. Qué comida de otras culturas te gusta comer Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.. All rights reserved. 10 Grado 4, Unidad 3: Encuentros con la naturaleza 5

6 Nombre Fecha Pensar más allá del texto Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en dos o tres párrafos. Recuerda que cuando piensas más allá del texto, usas tu conocimiento personal para comprender las cosas de un modo nuevo. Piensa en las muchas maneras en que los insectos ayudan a los humanos y al planeta. Después, piensa en cómo sería la Tierra si no hubiera insectos. Describe cómo sería una mañana en nuestro planeta si no hubiera insectos. Como sería tu vida Qué comerías Qué ropa usarías 6

7 Nombre Fecha Lección 14 HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES 14.8 Lee y contesta las preguntas. 1. Piensa dentro del texto Qué productos hechos por insectos utilizan las personas 2. Piensa dentro del texto Por qué la Tierra no está cubierta de insectos 3. Piensa más allá del texto Cuál crees que es la forma más importante en que los insectos ayudan a los humanos Explica tu respuesta. 4. Piensa acerca del texto Mira la lista marcada con puntos en la página 4. Por qué crees que la autora incluyó este tipo de texto Hacer conexiones A la mayoría de la gente no le agrada la idea de comer insectos. Sin embargo, los insectos aún son una fuente de alimento en otras partes del mundo. Qué comida de otras culturas te gusta comer Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura. 7

8 Estudiante Fecha Lección 14 HOJAS REPRODUCIBLES N I V E L S Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 9 Aves, reptiles, mamíferos: todas las especies de animales contienen comedores de insectos. Existen pocas aves que no comen insectos. Si no existieran los insectos, los peces de agua dulce estarían en peligro de extinción, ya que gran parte de su dieta proviene de los insectos. Los reptiles como los lagartos geckos obtienen parte o la totalidad de su alimento de los insectos. Entre los mamíferos que son estrictamente comedores de insectos se incluyen los osos hormigueros y muchas clases de murciélagos. Otros mamíferos, como los osos, disfrutan comiendo insectos cuando logran encontrarlos! Los insectos tienen un alto contenido de proteínas y nutrientes. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/ ) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly lobo 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase lobo Omission lobo 1 0 Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo lobo 1 Self-corrects lodo sc lobo Insertion el ˆlobo 1 Word told T 1 lobo

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