Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure

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1 LESSON 16 TEACHER S GUIDE Vivir y trabajar en el espacio by Daniel Pinkerton por Daniel Pinkerton Fountas-Pinnell Level L Informational Text Selection Summary Astronauts travel into space to learn more about our world. They wear special suits. They eat prepared foods and ready-to-eat foods. Because there is no gravity, they have to tie themselves down to sleep and exercise to keep their muscles and bones strong. Astronauts work hard, but they also have fun. HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Number of Words: 379 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure Content Themes and Ideas Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Vocabulary Words Illustrations Book and Print Features Organized into a few simple categories Section headings indicate content Each section a different subtopic of the main topic Astronauts Life on the space station How astronauts dress, sleep, eat, work, and exercise Astronauts can learn things about Earth and space that were unknown. In space, astronauts need the same things people on Earth need. Simple, straightforward language Section headings in the form of questions that are answered in the text Last page directed toward the reader: Te gustaría viajar al espacio algún día? A mix of short and more complex sentences Multiple items in series: Algunos viajan a la estación espacial, donde estudian el Sol, la Tierra y la Luna. Content-specifi c terms not defi ned in text: estación espacial, despegue, aterrizaje High-frequency words: porque, llevan, traen, liviano, mostrar, vivir Many multisyllable words, some of them challenging, such as astronautas, radio, temperatura, movedizo, ejercicio Photos on every page support the text. Predictable placement of text Section headings in the form of questions indicate content Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida Printed in the U.S.A If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

2 Vivir y trabajar en el espacio by Daniel Pinkerton Build Background Read the title to children and talk with them about the cover photograph. Ask them who the people on the cover are and where they are. Point out that this is a historic photograph and these are real people. Encourage children to use their knowledge of the space program to think about the book. Ask questions such as the following: Qué clase de cosas creen que hacen los astronautas en el espacio? Introduce the Text Guide children through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Explain that this book describes how astronauts live and work in space. Suggested language: Vayan a la página 2. Qué muestra la foto? Desde el espacio, la Tierra se ve como una pelota blanca y azul. Cuando miran el cielo de noche, qué cosas ven en el espacio? Page 3: Remind children that headings give clues to what they will be reading about. El título de esta página es Por qué van los astronautas al espacio? Por qué creen que los astronautas viajan en cohetes que los llevan a través del espacio? Por una razón: quieren aprender cosas nuevas sobre el espacio. Un viaje en cohete es la única forma de llegar allí! Page 6: Miren la foto de la página 6. Por qué creen que el pelo de la astronauta fl ota a su alrededor mientras duerme? Es porque en el espacio no hay gravedad, entonces todo fl ota en el aire. Cómo creen que sería estar en un lugar sin gravedad? Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo y lean para descubrir cómo viven y trabajan los astronautas en el espacio. Learn More Words cohetes espacio gravedad 2

3 Read As children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem solving ability. Respond to the Text Personal Response Ask children to share their personal responses to the book. Begin by asking what they liked best about the book, or what they found interesting. Suggested language: De qué manera leer este libro cambió tu forma de pensar acerca de ser astronauta algún día? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, make sure children understand these teaching points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Astronauts learn things about space and Earth that we didn t know before. Astronauts eat the same foods in space as they do on Earth. Without gravity, astronauts have to tie themselves down to sleep and have to exercise to keep their bones strong. In space, astronauts can learn things about Earth and space that were not known before. In space, astronauts need the same things people on Earth need: sleep, food, and exercise. The author includes lots of details about the way astronauts live and work in space. The photos help readers understand what the text describes. The author feels that the work of astronauts is important Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Choices for Support Fluency As children read aloud, be sure that they demonstrate awareness of the function of the full range of punctuation. Phonics and Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and sounds, using one of the following activities: Matching Game Materials: index cards. On individual index cards, write pairs of homophones, such as hay-ay, hasta-asta, haz-as, se-ce, vez-ves. Spread out the cards in random order, and let two children use them to play Concentration. Children take turns turning over two cards to fi nd a match. Unmatched cards are placed back face down. The object is to match homophone pairs. Word Wall Materials: words on word wall, index cards. Have children choose six science words from the word wall and read them. Then have children write the words on cards. Have partners build sentences using some of their words and adding other words. 3

4 Writing About Reading Critical Thinking Read the directions for children on Hoja reproducible 16.8 and guide them in answering the questions. Responding Read aloud the questions at the back of the book and help children complete the activities. Target Comprehension Skill Main Ideas and Details Remind children that main ideas are the most important points in a book. Details add to or support the main idea. Model how to look for main ideas and details: Think Aloud Sé que a veces la primera oración de un párrafo expresa la idea principal. En la página 4, la primera oración dice: Los astronautas usan trajes especiales. Esa es la idea principal de esta sección del texto. Sigo leyendo y aprendo que, durante el despegue y el aterrizaje, usan un traje que tiene un espejo y un radio. Ese es un detalle que apoya la idea principal. Practice the Skill Have children reread page 5 and identify two other details that support the main idea that astronauts dress for their jobs. Writing Prompt Read aloud the following prompt. Have children write their response, using the writing prompt on page 6. Write two sentences. In the first sentence, tell what might be fun about having no gravity. In the second sentence, tell what would not be fun about it. 4

5 Responder DESTREZA CLAVE Idea principal y detalles Cómo viven y trabajan los astronautas en el espacio? Haz una red de palabras. A platicar! El texto y el mundo Qué trabajos hacen los astronautas en el espacio? Cuál es la diferencia entre esos trabajos y los de la Tierra? Nombre Fecha Lección 16 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE Escucha la pregunta. Escribe una respuesta. Las respuestas pueden variar. 1. Qué sucede si un astronauta tira una manzana en la estación espacial? Vivir y trabajar en el espacio La manzana flotaría en la estación espacial. Es posible que rebote contra la pared. Hacer conexiones Piensa cómo sería vivir en una estación espacial. Escribe varias oraciones acerca de lo que harías ahí. Lea las instrucciones a los niños.. All rights reserved. 10 Grado 1, Unidad 4: Vamos a explorar 1_352879RTXSAN_U4_LR_TAI.indd 10 8/11/09 5

6 Nombre Vivir y trabajar en el espacio Fecha Escribe dos oraciones. En la primera oración, explica qué sería divertido de no tener gravedad. En la segunda oración, explica qué no sería divertido de no tener gravedad. 6

7 Nombre Fecha Lección 16 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE 16.8 Vivir y trabajar en el espacio Escucha la pregunta. Escribe una respuesta. 1. Qué sucede si un astronauta tira una manzana en la estación espacial? Hacer conexiones Piensa cómo sería vivir en una estación espacial. Escribe varias oraciones acerca de lo que harías ahí. 7

8 Estudiante Fecha Lección 16 HOJA REPRODUCIBLE Vivir y trabajar en el espacio NIVEL L Vivir y trabajar en el espacio Registro de lectura page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 2 Imagínate volando a la Luna o vagando en el espacio entre las estrellas. Algunos hombres y mujeres valientes llamados astronautas lo hacen. Ellos viajan al espacio para aprender más acerca de nuestro mundo. Cómo sería vivir y trabajar en el espacio? Vamos a ver. 3 Los astronautas viajan en cohetes que los llevan y los traen a través del espacio. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/59 100) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly lobo 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase lobo Omission lobo 1 0 Behavior Code Error Substitution lodo lobo 1 Self-corrects lodo sc lobo Insertion el ˆlobo 1 Word told T 1 lobo 0 ISBN-13: ISBN-10: